D) Chain of command

21. The importance of unity of command has diminished in today's workplace because of its tendency to be ________. A A) inflexible

B) ethically questionable

C) chauvinistic and dictatorial D) too decisive

22. Which of the following statements is true? C A) Power is a right.

B) Authority is one's ability to influence decisions. C) Authority is a right.

D) Both power and authority are rights.

23. ________ is the obligation or expectation to perform a duty. A A) Responsibility B) Unity of command C) Chain of command D) Span of control

24. The personal secretary of a top manager may have ________. A A) power but not authority B) authority but not power C) power and authority

D) line authority but not staff authority

25. Which of the following statements is true? A A) Power is a type of authority.

B) Authority and power are identical. C) Authority is a type of power.

D) Power is determined by horizontal position in an organization. 26. As represented in a power cone, power is based on ________. D A) vertical position only B) horizontal position only

C) distance from the center only

D) vertical position and distance from the center

27. As represented in a hierarchical organization diagram, authority is based on ________. D

A) vertical position only B) horizontal position only

C) distance from the center only D) horizontal and vertical position

28. A construction site supervisor who sees an impending thunderstorm and tells workers to go home is demonstrating ________. A A) line authority B) staff delegation

C) provisional accountability D) responsibility

29. ________ is the power that rests on the leader's ability to punish or control. B

A) Reward power B) Coercive power C) Expert power D) Referent power

30. A bank manager who passes out bonuses at the end of the year is exercising this. A A) reward power B) coercive power C) expert power D) referent power

31. Your firm's attorney has ________ power when giving legal advice. C A) legitimate B) status C) expert D) coercive

32. ________ is the power that arises when a person is close to another person who has great power and authority. B A) Expert power B) Referent power C) Reward power D) Legitimate power

33. When a top manager decides to hire an individual over the objections of her staff she is exercising which kind of power? D A) referent B) expert C) coercive D) legitimate

34. The traditional view holds that managers should not directly supervise more than ________ subordinates. C A) three or four B) five or six C) seven or eight D) nine or ten

35. Modern managers find that they can ________ if their employees are experienced, well-trained, and motivated. A A) increase their span of control B) decrease their span of control C) eliminate their span of control D) fluctuate their span of control

36. A traditional \ A) a largely centralized B) a largely decentralized C) an absolutely decentralized D) an absolutely centralized

37. ________ reflects the degree to which decision making is distributed through out

the hierarchy rather than concentrated at the top. D A) Centralization B) Span of Control C) Concentration D) Decentralization

38. In recent years, organizations have become more ________ to be responsive to a dynamic business environment. C A) centralized B) decentralized C) structured D) mechanistic

39. In today's decentralized business world, ________ the most important strategic decisions. A

A) top managers still primarily make B) middle managers make C) lower-level managers D) nonmanagerial employees

40. All of the following are characteristics of a highly formalized organization EXCEPT ________. C A) explicit job descriptions

B) little discretion for employees C) minimum number of rules

D) a standardized way of doing things

41. Today's managers are moving away from formalization and trying to be this. B A) more rigorous B) more flexible C) more strict D) less permissive

42. Today's managers expect employees to ________. B A) ignore rules for the most part

B) use discretion when it comes to following rules

C) faithfully follow rules even when it may harm the organization D) make their own rules

43. A(n) ________ organization has a high degree of specialization, formalization, and centralization. D A) organic B) horizontal C) learning D) mechanistic

44. Which of the following would likely be found in mechanistic organizations? D A) wide span of control B) empowered employees C) decentralized responsibility

D) standardized jobs

45. A(n) ________ organization is able to change rapidly as needs require. A A) organic B) hierarchical C) vertical D) mechanistic

46. Which term best describes an organic organization? C A) hierarchical B) pyramid-shaped C) flexible D) fixed

47. Which word best characterizes a mechanistic organization? A A) hierarchical B) collaborative C) adaptable D) informal

48. A company that is pursuing a cost leadership strategy would be most likely to have this kind of structure. A A) mechanistic B) virtual C) team

D) matrix-project

49. A company that is trying to be a leader in innovation within its industry would be most likely to have this kind of structure. B A) mechanistic B) organic C) simple D) functional

50. Larger organizations tend to have ________ than smaller organizations. A A) more specialization B) less departmentalization C) less centralization

D) fewer rules and regulations

51. As an organization grows to a size of over 2,000 employees, it finds it hard to avoid becoming more ________. A A) mechanistic B) organic C) informal D) adaptable

52. Traditional organizational designs tend to be more mechanistic and include ________. C

A) simple, complex, and divisional structures

B) simple, functional, and dysfunctional structures C) functional, divisional, and vertical structures