While globalization is usually talked about in the context of the __36__ of trade and capital between countries, we shouldn’t forget that the __37__ force behind it all it people. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and geographies and the cultural integration（融合）are the more influential social effects of globalization. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones in which they were born - more than half of respondents from the study have friends living overseas, all of which has __38__ in more interaction with global cultures.

Also, student debt and unafford-able housing have created a(n) __39__ in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Travel is absolutely necessary to most people’s lives - in fact, nearly half of all respondents cut down on their daily expenses so they can save money to travel more. For “generation rent” in particular, no matter how expensive an experience or a trip, it is still more __40__ than a house.

III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific Method

Scientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community. This sharing serves two __41__. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.” It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) __42__ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.

The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of __43__ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other __44__ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设）, planned experiments, expected results, and even the __45__ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then __46__ the report

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to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.

Once the scientist has the needed __47__, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or __48__ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.

The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and __49__ the work.

This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can __50__ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. __51__ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peer review” mechanisms by using press conferences.

On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to __52__. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to __53__ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers think they already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not __54__ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain __55__ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.

41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52.

A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A.

purposes innovative accustoming projects stronger Look up funds different substitute reach Similarly fail

B. B. B. B. B.

duties prospective addicting sources more limited

C. C. C. C. C.

interests cooperative restricting unions more dramatic

D. D. D. D. D.. D. D. D. D. D. D.

needs plain subjecting departments broader call for experiments academic undertake skip Therefore work

B. go over B. B. B. B. B. B.

fields chosen create mark Contrarily function

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C. long for C. C. C. C. C. C.

impacts related judge hold Surely evolve

53. 54. 55.

A. A. A.

convey necessarily confidence

B. B. B.

overlook particularly acceptance

C. C. C.

reject dramatically strength

D. D. D.

approve terribly weight

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

(A) To Be a Deaf DJ

I was born in England with perfect hearing. In 1990, when I was five, my family moved to the United States. I started getting ear infections every three months or so. We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. I went deaf in my right ear and was left with 50 percent hearing in my left. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today. My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now, so I think I’m doing pretty well.

There was always music on in my house in my childhood. I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin, Michael Jackson. My dad was a DJ, so he played disco, folk, rock, and music from other countries. For my 18 birthday, my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned. After doing that for a few weeks, I was hooded. I desired to learn more. I e-mailed DJ Shiftee, a distinguished New York City DJ, when I was 25: “I know you like a challenge. How about teaching a deaf person to deejay?” He wrote back the next day; “Challenge accepted.” He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique. I practiced four hours a day.

Now when I’m performing, muscle memory takes over. When I started, I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf. I would just show up, introduce myself, and start playing music. At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What? Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me “that deaf DJ,” and the name stuck.

What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity. I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen. I’m visually hearing the music. The next time you go

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th

dancing, cover your ears, and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way. Music is not all about hearing. I pay all sorts of get-togethers now, from college parties to corporate events. I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves. I’m big on talking to the parents. I tell them, “My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams. I’m a deaf DJ, so why not?”

56. Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss? A. Monthly ear infection. B. Moving to the U. S. C. Family financial hardship D. The doctors’ prediction. 57. How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth?

A. He taught him correct skills. B. He discovered his talent for DJ.

C. He played at the restaurant for him. D. He cultivated his taste for foreign music. 58. The underlined expression in Paragraph 3 “the name stuck” probably means that _________. A. the author was in low spirits B. the author impressed people deeply C. the audience felt disappointed by the player D. the audience looked down upon the player

59. We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because _________. A. working as a DJ involves innovation B. music helps him to see the world virtually C. he motivates the kids to realize their dream D. he desires to challenge something impossible

(B)

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