Buying in bulk is more economical than shopping for small quantities. 大批量采购比小批量更经济。

criticism

n.

[C, U] remarks that say what you think is bad about sb. or sth. 批评；批判；指责

deficit

n. [C]

1 a lack of a quality, skill, or ability that you should have （素质、技能或能力的）缺乏，不足

knowledge/language/sleep deficit 知识/语言/睡眠的缺乏

2 the amount by which sth. is less than you need or should have 赤字；亏损；逆差 Owing to the heavy deficit, the company is apparently on the verge of bankruptcy. 由于巨额亏损，该公司很明显已到了破产的边缘。

Tax was low and state spending was high, which resulted in a budget deficit. 低税收和州政府的高支出导致了预算赤字。

dumb

a.

(infml.) stupid 愚蠢的

The questions were set up just to make her look dumb. 问题这么设计就是为了让她出丑。

grocery

n.

1 [C] (also ~ store) (AmE supermarket) a store selling food and other goods 超级市场 2 (~ies) [pl.] food and other goods 食品杂货

stationary

a.

standing still instead of moving 不（移）动的；静止的

Stationary cars in traffic jams caused a great deal of pollution. 交通堵塞中静止不动的汽车产生了大量污染。

stationery

n.

[U] materials used for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils, etc. 文具

We regret that we are unable to accept telephone orders for personal stationery items. 很遗憾，我们不能接受个人文具用品的电话订购。

pad

n. [C]

1 several sheets of paper fastened together, used for writing or drawing 便笺本；拍纸簿 2 a thick flat object made of cloth or rubber, used to protect or clean sth., or to make sth. more comfortable 垫；衬垫；护垫

album

n.

[C] a book that you put photographs, stamps, etc. in （收存照片、邮票等的）簿，册

proclaim

vt.

(fml.) say publicly or officially that sth. important is true or exists 宣称；宣布；声明 Britain proudly proclaims that it is a nation of animal lovers. 英国自豪地宣称自己是一个爱护动物的国家。

scandal

n.

1 [sing.] a situation that shocks you and makes you angry, esp. one that you think sb. in authority should change （尤指当局本应改变的）令人震惊的事，引起愤慨的事 It is a scandal that a person can be stopped by the police for no reason. 警察竟可以毫无理由地拦人，这很令人震惊。

2 [C] an event in which sb., esp. sb. important, behaves in a bad way that shocks people （尤指牵涉知名人士的）丑闻，丑事

The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later. 那位官员卷入了一桩丑闻，几个星期后被迫辞职。

thrust

v.

(thrust, thrust) push sth. somewhere roughly 猛推；猛塞

She never enjoyed the fame that was thrust on her. 对于强加给她的名声，她从未感到过开心。

proficiency

n.

[U] a good standard of ability and skill 熟练；精通

Evidence of basic proficiency in English is part of the admission requirements. 具备基本的英语技能是入学要求的一部分。

moreover

ad.

(fml.) in addition — used to introduce information that adds to or supports what has previously been said 而且；再者；此外

Moreover, they become more concerned about their health as they grow older. 此外，随着年龄的增长，他们更加关注自己的健康。

evidently

ad.

used for saying that sth. is obviously true 明显地；显然

She should have been here two hours ago, so she‘s evidently decided not to come after all. 她两小时以前就应该到这儿了，所以她显然决定不来了。

Although Miss Smith was evidently not very well, she continued working throughout the summer. 虽然史密斯小姐身体很明显不适，可是她还是坚持工作了一个夏天。

exposure

n.

1 [sing., U] the chance to experience new ideas, ways of life, etc. 接触；体验

Exposure to a second language should take place in elementary school. 孩子们应该从小学就开始接触第二语言。

For as yet unknown reasons, I had come through five years of exposure to a fatal virus without being infected. 由于某种未知的原因，我与一种致命的病毒接触了五年却相安无事，没被感染。

2 [U] when sb. is in a situation where they are not protected from sth. dangerous or unpleasant 暴露

The doctor told Penny that too much exposure to the sun is bad for the skin and may cause cancer. 医生对彭妮说在太阳底下晒太久对皮肤有害，可能会致癌。

adequate

a.

enough in quantity or of a good enough quality for a particular purpose 足够的；充分的；合乎需要的

People accused the governor of failing to take adequate measures which could have prevented the disaster. 人们指责该州长对本来可以避免的灾难没有采取充分的措施。

adequately

ad.

足够地；充分地

Some students are not adequately prepared for higher education. 有的学生没有充分地准备好接受高等教育。

competent

a.

having enough skills or knowledge to do sth. to a satisfactory standard 合格的；能干的 My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn‘t have much patience. 我的秘书非常能干，但是她没有多少耐心。

jerk

n.

[C] a sudden quick movement 猛的一动；猝然一动

The old bus started with a jerk, so the passengers shook all of a sudden. 那辆旧的公共汽车猛地一动，车上的乘客都突然摇晃了一下。

jerky

a.

moving roughly with many starts and stops （在行进中）不平稳的，颠簸的

After the bus came to a jerky halt, the passengers got off the bus hurriedly. 公共汽车颠簸着停下来以后，乘客们都匆忙下车了。

function

n.

[C, U] the purpose that sth. has, or the job that sb. or sth. does （事物的）功能，作用；（某人的）职责

One of the chief functions of education is to equip future citizens with their places in