Unit 1: Part C Skill Development Interpreting Writing Workshop

Reading Skills & Cultural Links Reading Skills Cultural Links Interpreting

Here is a conversation between two college students about heroic deeds. Please interpret it into English with your partner. Interpreting

pull together to drowning indifferent give a hand to others powerful retort unhealthy practices set a trap immoral set a good example supportive Cues:

Unit 1: Interpreting

Xiao Wang: Have you read the news that some college students saved two boys?

Xiao Li: Of course! More than 10 college students were hand in hand, pulling together to save

two little drowning boys.

Xiao Wang: Three of the college students even sacrificed their lives. I admire their courage very much.

Xiao Li: You're right. However, it is also often reported lately that people are getting more and

more indifferent nowadays. Quite a lot of people don’t have enough courage to give a hand to others.

Xiao Wang: I think what those college students have done is the most powerful retort.

Xiao Li: Nowadays, there are indeed some unhealthy practices in the society, which make it

difficult for people to judge whether a person is really in need or he is just setting a trap to cheat.

Xiao Wang: In fact, some people do behave immorally. But I don’t think some people‘s behavior

can represent the common practice of the whole society. Xiao Li: I can't agree with you more.

Xiao Wang: Most people in our country are kind and brave in my eyes.

Xiao Li: Yes. But discussion is not enough. We should set good examples with our actions.

Xiao Wang: How about holding a class meeting and discussing this topic with our classmates? Xiao Li: That‘s great! We can find more examples of ordinary people’s heroic deeds and learn

from them together.

Xiao Wang: And we can take this opportunity to encourage and appeal to them to be brave and

upright people.

Xiao Li: Our classmates will be definitely supportive of this activity.

Xiao Wang: If we can organize this activity successfully, it will be quite meaningful. Xiao Li: Let‘s prepare for it now!

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Writing

1) 定义 2) 结构要点 3) 样本

Watch the video clip and the following statements will help you understand the speech. A. Video-based Writing

1) A good Samaritan, Matthew, tried to help a stranger being hit by her husband but was badly beaten after the man turned on him.

2) Though Matthew was beaten unconscious, he got huge support for what he did from the band’s fans.

3)The police arrested the husband, and charged him with misdemeanor domestic battery.

Watch the video clip again, and write a composition on the topic “Are You Ready to Help Others?” Base your composition on the outline below. What does “help others” mean? Cues:

helping others can be easy, helping others can be also quite difficult, pour much time, money or energy, put oneself in danger

Give several examples to show that helping others may cost some price? Cues:

a bass player was beaten because of helping a woman; three college students lost their lives saving the drowning boys; Jeff May was shot because he tried to stop a school shooting

Are You Ready to Help Others?

Are you ready to help others? Maybe a lot of people will answer “Yes, of course. I am always ready to offer my help.” However, it’s always easier said than done. Helping others can be very easy, just like donating your clothes or books to other people, or helping an old lady cross the street. Helping others can also be quite difficult. Sometimes, it may require you to pour much time, money or energy. More importantly, in an emergency, especially in a dangerous situation, helping others may mean that you have to put yourself in danger.

A bass player was severely beaten by a man because he tried to stop the man from beating his wife. Another report said more than ten college students, three of whom had lost their lives, pulled together to save two drowning boys. Last but not least, Jeff May, an ordinary American high school student, was shot because he tried to stop a school shooting. There must be numerous examples of those heroic deeds carried out by ordinary people. But there is one thing in common among them: when they were asked if they regretted paying a heavy price to help others, they all offered negative answers.

Thus, despite the difficulties, it is quite worth helping others. Now ask yourself the same question again and remain your firmness. Be brave, and let’s try our best together to make the world a better place.

B. Practical Writing 订单 (Order)

结构要点: 无论是通过何种方式下订单—信件、打印格式订单、电传或其他方式—订单必须具体完整。以下是订单中必须具备的项目:

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买方和卖方的名称和地址； 订单参考编号；

对订购货品准确详尽的描述；

订货的数量和价格，包括单价和总价；

装运方式: 船运、陆运或空运，装运时间和目的地；

此外，订单描述内容的准确性很重要。注意不要拼错单词，也不要标错小数点。在发出订单之前，应仔细地核对，重新检查一遍订单中的标价，避免任何可能出现的纰漏。如果一份订单中有几项订货，最好将它们做成表格形式。 对包装标识和唛头的详细说明； 在之前磋商中确定的支付方式。

B. Practical Writing Unit 1: Writing

随信附有一份订单，订单号为CT211；

货品为绿茶，数量为2000磅，价格为每磅45便士CIF伦敦； 8月和9月装船海运?

写作练习：请拟一封信，确认上午电话洽谈的内容。并在信中说明以下信息: Dear Sirs,

We are now confirming the negotiation conducted on the phone this morning. We enclose Order No. CT211 for 2,000 pounds Green Tea, 45 pennies per pound CIF London, to be shipped during August and September. Yours truly, ... (Signature)

Guessing the Meaning of Words Reading Skills

测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去推断某一生词、关键词的词义，它是一种非常实用的阅读技巧。 猜测词义的两种途径

掌握这种技巧后读者在阅读过程中能很快通过上下文提供的线索或生词本身的结构推断出词义，从而提高阅读速度和阅读能力。 猜测词义的两种途径: 1) 构词法2) 语境法 根据生词本身的特点，即构词法推测词义。

通过语境猜测词义。根据一个词所处的具体语言环境，运用有关线索，如同义词﹑反义词﹑举例或定义等推测词义，也可以运用逻辑推理和其他知识，如生活经验、普通常识等推断词义。

具体方法 — 构词法 阅读词汇中，前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的“缀”往往表示特定的含义，如果把握住这一点，就可起到“以不变应万变”的效果。例如: He had been overworking and fell ill at last. Guess the Meaning of Words （猜测词义）

overwork = over–(前缀，“超过，过于”)+ work(动词) = “工作过多”

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再如:

overburden overcharge overdo 负担过重 要价过高 做得过分 具体方法 — 语境法 语境法包括以定义为线索猜测词义，以同义词、近义词、反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义，以例子为线索猜测词义，以因果关系为线索猜测词义，以生词所在的前后文提供的解释或说明为线索猜测词义以及根据普通常识、生活经验和逻辑推理等猜测词义。 根据定义猜测词义 定义或释义关系常由定语从句或is, be called, be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示，或由that is (to say), in other words, to put it another way引出一些具体的解释性的短语。例如:

The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 a year.

herdsman = “牧羊人” (由其后who引导的定语从句的解释可以推断) Guess the Meaning of Words

根据同义词、近义词、反义词和对比关系猜测词义 由and或or, like, as ... as, the same as等连接的两个词构成同义关系；表转折关系的词常有: but, while, however, instead of, rather than, unlike, yet, otherwise, though, on the contrary等。例如:

Thomas usually wastes money on useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. thrifty = “节约的” (转折词however暗示了thrifty的含义应与waste相反) Guess the Meaning of Words 根据例子猜测词义 常用such as, like, for example, for instance等引出例子，可根据例子隶属的类别归纳出总称词的词义。例如:

On the farm they mainly raise poultry, like chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. poultry = “家禽” (由like后举出的例子及for后的补充说明可以得出) Guess the Meaning of Words

根据因果关系猜测词义 常用关联词或表达如because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, so, so ... that, such ... that, therefore等。例如:

She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. trim = “修剪” (根据because后提供的信息too long得知) 根据上下文猜测词义 所谓“词不离句，句不离章”讲的就是对于词语或句子的正确理解依赖于一定的语言环境。猜测词义或句意时，一定要认真读懂与生词密切相关的前后句子，进行合情合理的推测，排除肤浅的表意，选择蕴含在其中的深意。 Guess the Meaning of Words

Find out the meanings of the words and expressions underlined.

1. Ventilation, as you know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important

part in the field of engineering. 通风系统

2.A person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as a paragon. 杰出典范 3. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. The principal of the school was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. 胖的

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