高考英语语法大全

Hardly… when… No sooner… than… As soon as

The moment/time/minute/second +句子 Immediately/instantly/directly +句子 On doing/名词

例Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. The moment she saw the robber, she screamed.

Instantly he saw the drowning girl, he jumped into the river. Upon arrival/ On arrival / On arriving, I will pay a visit to you first. 7.as if(though) 似乎/仿佛/好像 +真实/虚拟 8.even if /though 即使 9.in case/for fear that 以防/惟恐

10.What/whatever/no matter what; how/however/no matter how 11.What(ever) +名词 12.How(ever) +形容词/副词

Whatever difficulties we meet with, it is best to face them and try to solve them. However late it is, I’ll wait for you.

No matter how busy he is, he is ready to help others. 13.No matter +疑问词==引导状从 14.疑问词 +ever==引导名从/状从

Whatever you say, I won’t believe you. = No matter what（状语从句） I won’t believe whatever you say. = anything that（宾语从句） Whoever / No matter who comes, don’t let him in. （状语从句）

Whoever / Anyone who leaves last should turn off the lights. （主语从句） 15.Where +句子

I have forgotten where we went yesterday.

Where we went yesterday is covered with all kinds of flowers. Oh! This is where we came yesterday.

高考英语语法大全

This is the place where/in which we came yesterday. I will make a mark where the teacher emphasizes. 16.now that=since=when; in that=because; not that…but that=not because…but because 17.当先行词被the same，such，so修饰时， This is the same book as you bought yesterday. 同一类 …………………… .that……………………… 同一个

This was so difficult a problem as we couldn’t work out.（后面句子不完整） This was so difficult a problem that we couldn’t work it out.（后面句子完整） This was such a difficult problem …

语法二 ====非谓语

非谓语做题思路 1．判断主被动

2．判断时间（要发生/正在进行/已完成） 非谓语 ====不能做谓语的动词形式 1 Doing 主动 正在进行 eg. The man standing there is my teacher. 2 being done被动 正在进行

eg.I think the book being written by him will sell well. 3 having done主动 已经完成 只能做状语

eg Having finished his homework, he went out to play. 4 having been done被动 已经完成 只能做状语

eg Having been taken care of well, the old man recovered soon. 5 done 被动 已经at完成 fallen leaves( 这里表完成，不表被动) The house broken into is my sister’s. 6（only\\just）to do主动 将来 7 to be doing主动 正在进行 8 to be done 被动 将来

9 to have done主动 完成

10（to have been） done被动 完成

11非谓语Having done所表达的动作在谓语动作之前完成，一般放句首做状语。 12非谓语doing所表达的动作发生和谓语动作几乎同时进行。 Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.

Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.

Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.

13不定式表意料之外的结果，现在分词表自然而然的结果。 I hurried home, only to find nobody in.

He woke up, only to find himself in the hospital. His parents died early, leaving him alone.

It rained non-stop for ten days, completely ruining our holidays.

He was admitted to a key university this year, thus realizing his dream. 14 only to do 与doing 作结果状语的用法

高考英语语法大全

“ only to do” 做结果状语表意料之外的结果，尤指不愉快的结果。 “doing” 做结果状语表示必然结果与主句之间含有逻辑上的因果关系。 15有宾语主动,无宾语被动

e.g. He seats himself at the back of the classroom.（做谓语）

Seating himself at the back of the classroom, he can’t see the words on the blackboard clearly.（做状语） He is seated at the back of the classroom. （做谓语）

Seated at the back of the classroom, he can’t see the words on the blackboard clearly. （做状语）

语法三 ====虚拟语气

（一）if 虚拟 与现在相反 与过去相反 与将来相反 从句 be→were do→did Be→had been 1.Be→were; do→did 2.were to +V原 3.should do 注：1、if I were you →Were I you if I had finished it →Had I finished it if it should rain →Should it rain 2、句型

If it were not for …. Would /should/could/might +do/be =Were it not for

If it had not been for.…Would /should/could/might +have done/been Had it not been for

If it were not for the expense, I would go to Italy.

If it hadn’t been for the expense, I would have gone to Italy.

I’ve discovered I possess a large number of different talents and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being open to trying new opportunities. 3、Without/but for

Without you, I wouldn’t have got full mark. 4、真，or/or else/otherwise假

I am busy, otherwise I would help you. I was busy, otherwise I would have helped you. 假，but真

I would help you, but I am busy.

I would have helped you, but I was busy.

5、错综时间

If I had followed your advice, I wouldn’t be in trouble now. （二）、If only/Wish+现在：be→were do →did If only/Wish+过去：be→had been do→had done If only/Wish+将来：could/should/would +do As if/though 也适用

主句 Would/should/could/might+V原 Would/should/could/might+have done/been Would/should/could/might+V原 do→had done 高考英语语法大全

It seems as if it is going to rain. It seems as if it were to rain. 注：may you +V原

(三)动词：Insist/suggest/advise/recommend/propose/order/command/demand/require/request /desire +(should)do 注：动词对应的名词和句型也用（should）do表虚拟 suggestion /order/advice It’s suggested/ordered that+

（四）It’s necessary/important/vital that…(should) do (五) It’s (high/about) time that…should do/did (六) would rather +句子1、对现在/将来虚拟用did 2、对过去虚拟用had done

语法四 ====情态动词表猜测

must只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成“肯定/一定”； can/could用于疑问句和否定句；

may/might用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成“可能也许” mustn’t have done 绝对错/是无效选项 must必须，“不必”用needn’t/don’t have to mustn’t 禁止/不准 一、情态动词+ do/be

表示对现在行为或动作进行猜测

You’ve been working all day. You must be very tired. --- Someone is knocking on the door.

--- It can’t be Lucy. She’s still in the library at this time. 二、情态动词+have done/have been 表示对过去行为或动作进行猜测

a. must have done表示对过去某事的肯定猜测。 其否定或疑问形式都用can(could) 来表示.

Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.

He can’t have missed the way. I drew him a map.

“The dictionary has disappeared. Who could/can have taken it?” b. may / might have done

may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.

I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. c. could have done 在肯定句型中, 往往用作委婉的批评. 本可以做什么,而没做; 有时也用作猜测. You could have done it better.

Tom could have taken the dictionary.

d. ought to / should have done和 ought not to / shouldn’t have done 本该做而事实上没做 本不该做而事实上做了 e. needn’t have done 本不必做却做了 The usage of “shall”

f.表征求(用在第二 三人称) g.表承诺 (用在第二、三人称) h.表命令（正式文件/场合）