is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is 附录二：练习参考答
B．对立统一规律是贯穿辩证法其他规律和范畴的中心线索
C．建立在对立统一规律基础之上的矛盾分析法是认识事物的根本方法 D．是否承认对立统一规律是辩证法和形而上学对立和斗争的焦点 四、判断题：（判断正误，正确的打“√”，错的打“×”）
1、世界观就是哲学。×
2、唯物主义认识论都是可知论，唯心主义认识论都是不可知论。× 3、运动是绝对的，静止是相对的。√ 4、错误的思想也是对客观事物的反映。√ 5、一切以时间、地点和条件为转移。√
6、人的意识不仅反映客观世界，并且创造客观世界。√ 7、任何现实存在的事物都是共性和个性的有机统一。√ 8、具体问题具体分析是马克思主义活的灵魂。√ 9、假象不表现事物的本质。×
10、社会规律形成于人的自觉活动中，因而社会规律不具有客观性。× 11、实践是人的存在方式。√
12、思想有多远，我们就能走多远。× 第二章 认识世界和改造世界
一、单项选择题：（下列每小题的四个选项中，有一项是最符合题意的，错选、多选或未选均无分） 1、认识论是研究： （ D ）
A．世界是什么的学说 B．世界是怎样的学说 C．人的心理活动的理论 D．人的认识的哲学理论
2、马克思主义认识论首要的和基本的观点是： （ B ）
A．唯物论的观点 B．实践的观点
C．辩证法的观点 D．认识是一个过程的观点
3、第一次把科学的实践观引入认识论的是： （ C ）
A．费尔巴哈哲学 B．黑格尔哲学 C．马克思主义哲学 D．康德哲学
4、马克思主义认识论是： （ A ）
A．能动的反映论 B．直观的反映论 C．经验论 D．先验论
5、下列选项中正确表达了认识客体涵义的是： （ A ）
A．客体是实践和认识活动所指向的对象
is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \brary of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is — 14 —附录二：练习参考答
B．客体是主体创造出来的对象
C．客体是外部自然界 D．客体是客观存在的事物
6、“社会上一旦有技术上的需要，则这种需要会比十所大学更能把科学推向前进。”这句话最好地说明： （ A ）
A．实践产生了认识的需要 B．实践为认识提供了可能 C．实践使认识得以产生和发展
D．实践是检验认识的真理性的唯一标准
7、人类认识发展的根本动力在于： （ B ）
A．人类需要和欲望的不断增长 B．人类社会实践的不断发展 C．人类认识器官的逐渐发达 D．人类道德水平的不断提高 8、实践是认识的唯一来源表明： （ D ）
A．只有直接经验来自实践
B．只要参加实践活动就能获得正确认识 C．一切认识都要直接参加实践活动才能获得 D．一切认识归根到底都是从实践中获得的
9、直接经验与间接经验的关系是： （ D ）
A．感性认识与理性认识的关系 B．直观与反思的关系
C．实践与反映的关系 D．认识的“源”与“流”的关系 10、“从物到感觉和思想”与“从思想和感觉到物”的对立，属于： （ B ）
A．辩证法和形而上学的对立
B．唯物论和唯心论两条认识路线的对立 C．主观唯心主义和客观唯心主义的对立 D．辩证唯物论与旧唯物论两条认识路线的对立
11、唯物主义认识论和唯心主义认识论的根本区别在于： （ B ）
A．是否承认人有认识能力 B．是否承认认识是主体对客体的反映 C．是否承认世界是可以被认识的 D．是否承认认识世界是为了改造世界
12、下列命题中属于唯物主义反映论观点的是： （ C ）
A．自然科学是人的主观智慧所构造出来的知识体系 B．认识是不朽的灵魂对“理念世界的回忆” C．一切知识都是来自对客观世界的感觉 D．圣人是生而知之的
13、认识是主体对客体的反映，这是： （ C ）
A．只有辩证唯物主义才承认的观点 B．唯心主义的错误观点
is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \d grade\y, a library of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is 附录二：练习参考答
C．一切唯物主义都承认的观点 D．形而上学的观点
14、认识的本质是： （ B ）
A．主体对各种认识要素的建构 B．主体对客体的能动反映 C．主体对客体本质的内省 D．主体对客体信息的选择
15、反映的能动性的基本标志是： （ C ）
A．目的性 B．计划性 C．创造性 D．摹写性
16、感性认识和理性认识的根本区别在于： （ B ）
A．感性认识是包含错误的认识，理性认识是正确的认识 B．感性认识反映事物的现象，理性认识反映事物的本质 C．感性认识来源于社会实践，理性认识来源于抽象思维 D．感性认识产生于日常生活，理性认识产生于科学实验
17、坚持理性认识依赖于感性认识，就是坚持了认识论的： （ B ）
A．可知论 B．唯物论 C．辩证法 D．唯心论
18、坚持感性认识有待于上升到理性认识，这体现了： （ B ）
A．认识论中的唯物论 B．认识论中的辩证法 C．认识论中的唯理论 D．认识论中的经验论
19、对同一句格言，年轻人所理解的意义，总没有饱经风霜的老年人所理解得广泛和深刻。这一哲学观点在认识论上说明了： （ A ）
A．理性认识包含感性认识 B．理性认识对实践有指导作用 C．老年人的认识在一切方面都超过青年人的认识 D．感性认识积累到一定程度就一定能上升为理性认识
20、过分强调理性认识的可靠性和作用，否认感性认识的重要性的观点，在哲学上属于： （ C ）
A．可知论 B．不可知论 C．唯理论 D．经验论
21、过分强调感性认识的可靠性和作用，否认理性认识的重要性的观点，在哲学上属于： （ B ）
A．唯理论 B．经验论 C．唯物主义 D．唯心主义
22、有些人在工作中单纯凭自己的经验办事，轻视理论的指导作用。他们在认识论上犯了： ( D )
A．类似唯心主义的先验论 B．类似唯理论的错误
is responsible for Organization training, and implementation, and check; 12, master workshops annual economic indicators of implementation, reporting to financial health on a regular basis; 13, is responsible for the daily oversight in the allocation and use of funds; 14, responsible for all Department statistics, collecting, sorting, reporting of accounting reports; 15, the company responsible for the supervision of the Treasury, including the \brary of materials, products for regular inventory handling, sampling, storage monitoring, the picking work, and provide the inventory report, and make the appropriate accounting treatment; 16, responsible for waste and recycling, transportation and settlement; 17, is responsible for all product sales accounting functions; 18, responsible for the company's raw materials, auxiliary materials, account management; 19, is responsible for the flow of control of all assets of the company, according to the changes in accounting treatment of fixed assets and assets to the departments responsible for clearing, settlement and asset monthly report submitted to the asset management section of the Finance Department of the company organized on a company-wide special inspection of asset management; 20, according to the company's business activities, monthly projects involved in the business activities of the company (including expenses, business management, cost control, cash flow, revenue, etc) financial analysis, provide a basis for decisions for the company, the business of the company responsible for monitoring, forecasting and risk analysis; 21, responsible for the settlement of transactions with the Bank; 22, is — 16 —附录二：练习参考答
C．类似客观主义的错误 D．类似经验论的错误
23、霍尔巴赫认为人们对自然界的认识都起源于感觉，各种理智机能都是感觉机能派生出来的。他说：“只有物质才能对我们的感官起作用，没有感官就不可能有任何东西被我们所认识”。“经验要求人们活动，理性要求人们思考”。“认真思考过的经验则把我们引向理性，而理性是不能欺骗我们的。……理性使我们认识事物的真正本性，推知我们期待它们发生的结果。”撇开他的机械主义的缺陷，就感性认识与理性认识的关系而言，其观点是： （ B ）
A．唯物主义经验论 B．辩证唯物主义反映论 C．唯物主义唯理论 D．唯心主义经验论
24、人们常常不是先掌握了全部的事实材料再进行逻辑推理，得出正确结论，而是凭借少量的事实的启发，通过创造性联想，运用大胆的想象和“幻想”，实现对这些复杂事物的本质、结构或规律的认识。这种观点是： （ B ）
A．形而上学唯物主义的观点 B．辩证唯物主义的观点 C．唯心主义的观点 D．唯心主义唯理论的观点 25、“在实践基础上的理论创新是社会变革的先导”，这一命题： （C ）
A．强调了认识对实践的决定作用 B．夸大了认识对实践的反作用 C．强调了认识对实践的能动作用 D．低估了实践对认识的决定作用 26、一个完整的认识过程是指： （ C ）
A．感觉——知觉——表象 B．概念——判断——推理 C．实践——认识——实践
D．感性认识——理性认识——感性认识
27、“认识开始于感觉”，这是： （ C ）
A．唯物主义的观点 B．唯心主义的观点 C．唯物主义和唯心主义都承认的观点 D．辩证唯物主义的观点
28、判断对某一事物的认识是否完成的标志是： （ D ）
A．占有的感性材料是否十分丰富而又真实 B．感性认识是否已经上升到理性认识 C．对该事物的认识是否经过多次反复
D．对该事物的理论认识是否运用于实践，并取得预期效果
29、概念、判断、推理是： （ A ）
A．理性认识的三种形式 B．感性认识的三种形式 C．社会心理的三种形式 D．意识形态的三种形式
30、真理是： （ D ）
A．被大多数人普遍认同的意见 B．客观事物及其规律 C．人们有用的观点或理论