汽车自适应前照灯系统的设计
摘 要
传统的汽车照明系统主要由前照灯系统，信号照明系统，车内照明系统三大部分组成。随着科技的进步，传统照明系统也经历了长足的发展，但是实际的使用中，传统的前照灯系统依然存在着诸多问题，在面对复杂的道路条件和行车状况时，交通安全仍然存在巨大的隐患。因此，如何使传统汽车照明智能化，驾车更安全，更舒适就成为一个十分紧迫而又有重大现实意义的课题。
针对传统的汽车照明灯夜间行驶在弯道时无法调节照明角度、在弯道内侧易出现盲区，在坡道无法调节照明角度等情况，提出了一种前照灯弯道自适应照明控制系统，以提高夜间行车安全性。本文主要介绍了一种以单片机STC90C51为核心设计的汽车自适应前照灯计算机控制系统。简要的介绍汽车自适应前照灯的产生的背景、当今国内外发展现状及趋势。分析了该系统的组成、功能和工作原理。在文章硬件部分，详细设计了汽车自适应前照灯左右转向计算机控制系统的主控制器及外围电路。在软件部分，设计了系统软件的整体流程，算法程序，实现了一个可根据道路以及方向盘转角信号随动转向的控制系统。
通过最后的系统调试，保证了车辆在弯道行驶时，前照灯能根据路况调整到合适的位置给驾驶者提供照明。表明了本设计方案的可行性和正确性。
在论文的最后，对本次毕业设计进行了总结，提出了一些尚待解决的问题，为今后的进一步完善提出了参考意见。
关 键 词：自适应照明，随动转向，安全驾驶，STC90C51
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A PROJECT OF AUTOMOTIVE ADAPTIVE FRONT
LIGHTING SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Traditional automotive lighting system consists of three major
components: headlamp system, signal lighting and interior lighting system. As technology advances, the traditional lighting system also continues to develop, but in practice, there are still many problems in the traditional headlamp system. Facing complex road conditions and driving conditions, there are colossal security bungles in the traffic safety. Therefore, how to make the traditional automotive lighting intelligent, and how to make the driving more secure and more comfortable have become a very urgent and great practically significant issue.
The traditional automotive lighting drive at night may be faced some
conditions, for example, inability of adjusting illumination angels at the curve, the appearance of blind section at the clip, inability of adjusting illumination angels at the ramp, based on which, a headlamp adaptive lighting control system at the curve is put forward in order to improve the driving safety at night. This paper introduces a Computer control system of the automotive adaptive headlamps with STC90C51 microcontroller core design. The paper will briefly introduce the background of the appearance of auto-adaptive headlamps, and its current development situations and trends at home and abroad. It will also analyze the composition, function and working theory of the system. The hardware part in the paper detailed designs the host controller and peripheral circuits of the auto adaptive headlamps left and right tuning computer control system. The software part projects the overall process of system software, algorithms program, finishing a control system that can
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optional turn according to vehicle speed and steering angle signals. The final system debugging ensures that when the vehicles are driving at the curve, the headlamps can adjust itsel according to road conditions to a suitable position to light for the drivers. The project is of feasibility and correctness.
At the end of the paper, a conclusion of the project is drawn to put
forward some problems waiting for solving and to come up with some idea about the later improvement.
Key words: adaptive lighting, tracking turning, safe driving,STC90C5
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目 录
第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................... 1 §1.1 课题背景 ....................................... 1 §1.2 国内外发展现状及发展趋势 ....................... 3 §1.3本课题的研究意义与主要内容 ...................... 5 第2章 系统整体方案设计 ............................................................... 6 §2.1 系统的功能及构成 ............................... 6 §2.2 系统基本功能 ................................... 8 §2.3 系统的工作原理 ................................. 8 §2.3.1 随动转弯角度 ................................ 9 §2.3.2 车身纵倾调光 ............................... 10 §2.4本章小结 ....................................... 10 第3章 系统硬件设计 ..................................................................... 11 §3.1 AFS主控制器设计 ............................... 11 §3.1.1 微控制芯片的选型 ........................... 11 §3.1.2 信号处理电路设计 ........................... 13 §3.1.3 电源电路设计 ............................... 15 §3.1.4 电机控制电路设计 ........................... 15 §3.2 执行器选择 .................................... 17 §3.3 传感器模块选择 ................................ 17 §3.4本章小结 ....................................... 19 第4章 系统软件设计 ..................................................................... 20 §4.1程序思路 ....................................... 20 §4.2系统分块程序设计 ............................... 21 §4.2.1 随动转弯程序 ............................... 22 §4.2.2 倾角转动程序 ............................... 23 §4.3 本章小结 ...................................... 24 第5章 系统调试 ............................................................................. 25 §5.1 系统硬件调试 .................................. 25
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