高中数学必修五第一章解三角形知识点总结练习题 下载本文

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知识点巩固练习(一) 一、选择题 1.C

b?tan300,b?atan300?23,c?2b?44,c?b?23 a2.A 0?A??,sinA?0 3.C cosA?sin(4.D 作出图形

5.D b?2asinB,sinB?2sinAsinB,sinA??2?A)?sinB,?2?A,B都是锐角,则

?2?A?B,A?B??2,C??2

1,A?300或1500 252?82?721?,??600,1800?600?1200为所求 6.B 设中间角为?,则cos??2?5?82二、填空题 1.

111 sinAsinB?sinAcosA?sin2A? 2220b2?c2?a21??,A?1200 2.120 cosA?2bc23.6?2 A?150,abbsinA6?2?,a??4sinA?4sin150?4? sinAsinBsinB404. 120 a∶b∶c?sinA∶sinB∶sinC?7∶8∶13,

a2?b2?c21??,C?1200 令a?7k,b?8k,c?13k cosC?2ab2三、解答题

1. 解:acosA?bcosB?ccosC,sinAcosA?sinBcosB?sinCcosC

sin2A?sin2B?sin2C,2sin(A?B)cos(A?B)?2sinCcosC cos(A?B)??cos(A?B),2cosAcosB?0

cosA?0或cosB?0,得A?所以△ABC是直角三角形。

?2或B??2

a2?c2?b2b2?c2?a22. 证明:将cosB?,cosA?代入右边

2ac2bca2?c2?b2b2?c2?a22a2?2b2?)? 得右边?c(

2abc2abc2aba2?b2ab????左边,

abba ∴

abcosBcosA??c(?) baba3.证明:∵△ABC是锐角三角形,∴A?B? ∴sinA?sin(?2,即

?2?A??2?B?0

?B),即sinA?cosB;同理sinB?cosC;sinC?cosA

2∴sinA?sinB?sinC?cosA?cosB?cosC

?

知识点巩固练习(二) 一、选择题 1.C A??6,B??3,C??2,a:b:c?sinA:sinB:sinC?132::?1:3:2 2222.A A?B??,A???B,且A,??B都是锐角,sinA?sin(??B)?sinB 3.D sinA?sin2B?2sinBcosB,a?2bcosB 4.D lgsinAsinA?lg2,?2,sinA?2cosBsinC

cosBsinCcosBsinCsin(B?C)?2cosBsinC,sinBcosC?cosBsinC?0, sin(B?C)?0,B?C,等腰三角形

5.B (a?b?c)(b?c?a)?3bc,(b?c)?a?3bc,

22b2?c2?a21?,A?600 b?c?a?3bc,cosA?2bc22226.C c?a?b?2abcosC?9,c?3,B为最大角,cosB??二、填空题 1.

2221 7239113?3,c?4,a2?13,a?13 S?ABC?bcsinA?c?3222

a?b?ca13239 ???sinA?sinB?sinCsinA332sin(?B)???22.? A?B?,A??B,即tanA?tan(?B)?

?222cos(?B)2cosB11,tanA???,tanAtanB?1

sinBtanBtanBsinBsinC3. 2 tanB?tanC? ?cosBcosCsinBcosC?cosB?sinCsin(B?C)2sinA ? ??1cosBcosCsinAsinA24. 锐角三角形 C为最大角,cosC?0,C为锐角

?8?43?3b?c?a3?1104??? 5. 60 cosA?2bc6?22?2?(3?1)222?22222?三、解答题 1.解:S?ABC?221bcsinA?3,bc?4, 22 a?b?c?2bccosA,b?c?5,而c?b

所以b?1,c?4

2. 证明:∵△ABC是锐角三角形,∴A?B? ∴sinA?sin(?2,即

?2?A??2?B?0

?2?B),即sinA?cosB;同理sinB?cosC;sinC?cosA

sinAsinBsinC?1

cosAcosBcosC∴sinAsinBsinC?cosAcosBcosC,∴tanA?tanB?tanC?1

A?BA?Bcos?sin(A?B) 22A?BA?BA?BA?B ?2sin cos?2sincos2222A?BA?BA?B(cos?cos) ?2sin222CAB ?2cos?2coscos

222ABC ?4coscoscos

222ABC∴sinA?sinB?sinC?4coscoscos

2223. 证明:∵sinA?sinB?sinC?2sina2?ac?b2?bcab?1, 4.证明:要证??1,只要证2ab?bc?ac?cb?ca?c即a?b?c?ab

0而∵A?B?120,∴C?60

0222a2?b2?c22cosC?,a?b2?c2?2abcos600?ab

2ab∴原式成立。

CA3b ?ccos2?2221?cosC1?cosA3sinB ∴sinA? ?sinC??222 即sinA?sinAcosC?sinC?sinCcosA?3sinB

5.证明:∵acos2 ∴sinA?sinC?sin(A?C)?3sinB 即sinA?sinC?2sinB,∴a?c?2b

知识点巩固练习(三)

一、选择题

1.C sinA?cosA?2sin(A?),

4?而0?A??,2.B

?4?A??4?5?2????sin(A?)?1 424a?bsinA?sinB??sinA?sinB csinCA?BA?BA?B ?2sin cos?2cos2221103.D cosA?,A?60,SVABC?bcsinA?63 2204.D A?B?90则sinA?cosB,sinB?cosA,0?A?45,

0000 sinA?cosA,45?B?90,sinB?cosB

5.C a?c?b?bc,b?c?a??bc,cosA??,A?120

222222120sinAcosBsin2AcosBsinA??,?,sinAcosA?sinBcosB 6.B 2cosAsinBsinBcosAsinB sin2A?sin2B,2A?2B或2A?2B?? 二、填空题