perspective in looking at metaphors has initiated research boom in many neighboring disciplines. CMT has been extended to analyze literary works (Lakoff and Turner 1989), to study political discourse (Lakoff 1996), to explore the cultural differences, and so on and so forth. CM has also played a vital role in contemporary research on idioms and proverbs, being used to explore the conceptual motivation behind idioms and proverbs (Gibbs 1992; Gibbs at el 1996, etc). CMT has extended into Applied Cognitive Linguistics (Putz, Martin., Niemeier, Susanne., and Dirven, Rene. 2001) including EFL learning (Li 2003). CMT has also stimulated the development of further theories that are now popular in CL, including primary metaphor theory, blending theory, neural theory of concepts, etc. A large proportion of the research in CMT has been conducted on English, and also other Western languages, while a relatively small proportion has been done on Chinese. Nevertheless, research interest in CL has been booming in China. The opening years of this new century have seen three national cognitive linguistics conferences being held in this big country, and George Lakoff's series of ten lectures delivered in Beijing in April 2004, has further accelerated this fast growing interest in CL.

The aim of this theme session is to encourage Chinese researchers to use detailed systematic Chinese data to objectively examine the claims of CMT that have been made in relation to English and other Western languages. The requirements for an ABSTRACT are as follows:

(1) Your research must be based on an empirical study and on the systematic collection and examination of Chinese data.

(2) Contrastive analysis is encouraged.

(3) Research question(s) should be formulated and clearly stated.

(4) The aim of your research should either examine some claims/theories/conclusions existing in English, or propose something new. Both must be objectively based on Chinese data, and relevant to the theme.

(5) Methodology/Approach should be clearly stated.

(6) Expected results including theoretical contributions are also a MUST. (7) The Format of the ABSTRACT should observe the following:

The abstract should be 400-500 words (about one page), including examples and references. Electronic submissions as attachments in WORD document format are strongly encouraged. The document should have a title in English, containing a few keywords, and your name in PINYIN . Pls DO NOT give the title of your document in Chinese characters. The body of your e-mail message should include the following:

-author name(s) - affiliation(s)

- telephone number (office, home, and mobile)

- e-mail address

- fax number (if you have) - title of your paper

- specific area (e.g., subfields of cognitive linguistics, functional linguistics, discourse studies, etc.)

- three to five keywords - presenter's name

The ABSTRACT must reach the organizers before August 15, 2004. Abstract should be sent to one of the following e-mail addresses with the subject line containing \ coglinguist@163.com ; lifuyin@publicb.bta.net.cn ; thomaslifuyin@hotmail.com

Authors will be notified by August 30 whether their abstracts have been selected for the theme session. The theme session proposal will then be submitted to the organizers of the ICLC9, who will notify us of acceptance or rejection by January 15th, 2005.

无论寄摘要还是全文，一般都附上短函，说明邮件的内容。这种说明函很简单，可以参考下列范例来写。

<范例2>：

Foreign Language Department Beihang University Beijing (100083) P.R. China June 25,2004 Secretariat for Ninth International Cognitive Linguistics Yonsei University，Seoul KOREA Dear Dr. Li: In reply to your Call for Papers for a theme session at the Ninth International Cognitive Linguistics Conference July 17th-22nd, 2005 (Seoul, Korea) to be held on 20-21 Nov. 2000 at Indian Institute of Technology, I an submitting the abstract of my paper entitled “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor—A perspective from Chinese”. I hope it is suitable for the symposium. Looking forward to your favorable reply. Yours faithfully , (Signature) Zhang Tian-qian Enclosure: Abstract of my paper. 论文作者应有的基本素养和论文的写作步骤

从以上几节可以看出，论文的科学性、创新性、学术性、专业性、实用性对作者要求甚高。写好一篇高质量的论文，要求作者具有文献资料的查阅技能、深厚的专业知识、通晓论文写作的理论和格式和有一定的语法和文字修辞上的素养，同时要了解期刊编辑知识和善于对读者对象分析研究。下面介绍写作论文的基本步骤。

选题（Choosing a topic）

选题非常重要，要确定好研究方向，随着研究的深入，缩小课题范围，拟出具体的论文题目。有了题目以后，要权衡题目的可行性。所选的题目应该是有价值的，而且作者有能力驾御。

收集资料

足够的资料对论文的质量至关重要，资料可分为五类：工具书、期刊杂志、普通书籍、图书馆或情报中心的各种数据库以及网上资源。其中工具书包括词典、百科全书、索引、手

册、著作目录等。报刊包括学术期刊、通俗杂志和报纸。

收集资料，其中一个非常重要的工作是到图书馆查资料。图书馆的藏书都是按一定的系统进行排列和存放的。馆内的目录大厅一般有三种图书目录卡片：一是按作者的姓名排列的作者卡；二是以作品名排列的书名卡；三是以作品内容的类别排列的主题卡。作者卡是按作者姓氏的字母排列，书名卡是按书名的第一实词的字母排列。主题卡一般分成若干个大类，如哲学、社会科学等。

有了资料后要消化资料，多做笔记，做笔记时，要著明笔记的出处（见下图）。笔记有三种：直接引语、转述和摘要。接下来是对笔记的整理，将资料进行归类。

简要表明笔记的出处 笔记出处页码 笔记所属标题 Hu Zhanglin, linguistics: A Course Book.P.388 Discourse Teaching “Halliday studied Chinese in Peking University under Lo Chang-pei from 1947-49,and then in Lingnan University under Wang Li from 1949to 1950.” [d.q.] 直接引语 笔记的种类： 直接引语 笔记内容 的前引号 直接引语 的后引号

拟订论文框架

收集到足够的资料，并将资料归类后，下一步就是要拟订论文的框架，进行写作构思，思考论文内容的层次和布局，根据论文读者确定所写论文的风格和格式，提出论点（The Thesis Statement ），拟订写作大纲（ Outlining）。

论点是论文作者对自己多研究的论题所持的主要观点，提纲可以帮助我们组织自己的观点，进一步整理已收集到的资料。文提纲主要有两种形式：一种是短语提纲，这种提纲中的大小标题全部用短语表述；另一种是整句提纲，这种提纲中的大小标题全部用句子来表述。写提纲应使用规范的体例，规范的体例应注意以下三点：

1）式提纲应冠以标题“Outline”； 2）在提纲的前面应列出中心论点； 3）使用正规的提纲符合 如：

Outline

I. 提纲个大部分用罗马数字

A. 各大部分下的首级部分用英文大写字母 1. 第二级子部分用阿拉伯数字 2.

a. 第三级子部分用英文小写字母 b.