B.To tell about his family history.

C.To express his longing for family reunion. D.To show his love for Bob Dylan.

答案 D [推理判断题。根据文中Tracks from The Basement Tapes and Desire became...was my dad’s gift to me.和Dylan’s music as a gift，passed down the generations等信息讲述了作者从小到大一直以来对Bob Dylan的喜欢和热爱，故选D。]

7.The underlined word “ritual”in the second paragraph means “________”. A.passion C.memory

B.ceremony D.belief

答案 B [猜测词义题。此处指父亲去世后我们的笑声消失了，但我们继续播放Bob Dylan的唱片，这成了我们唯一的记忆仪式。“ritual”指仪式，与ceremony同义，A项为“激情，热情”；C项为“记忆”；D项为“信任，信仰”。故选B。] 8.How did the author raise money in his childhood? A.By singing a Dylan’s song at church gatherings. B.By providing cheese and wines to church prayers. C.By playing a private in church performances. D.By accepting donations from the church.

答案 A [细节推理题。根据第三段I would sing this at church cheese and wines to the assembled audience.A lot of donations were made.可知作者在童年的时候通过在教堂聚会上唱迪伦的歌来筹钱，故选A。]

9.The recent visit of the author’s brother indicates that ________. A.his nephew was ever invited to play in Dylan’s concert B.his brother has never seen a live performance of Dylan C.Dylan’s music has influenced three generations of his family D.Subterranean Homesick Blues is always his favorite song

答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段But he was up for a visit...Subterranean Homesick Blues for us.和Dylan’s music as a gift，passed down the generations.描述哥哥带着儿子拜访Bob Dylan及儿子演唱他的歌表明Bob Dylan对作者一

家三代人的影响。故选C。]

题组三 说明文

A

(2018·北京高考)

Preparing Cities for Robot Cars

The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from materializing in the real world.Well, the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.Cali-fornia, it should be noted，isn’t leading the way here.Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country.It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.

While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.

Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles.They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking.Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public

transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.

A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题).But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.

Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.

【语篇解读】 本文讨论了有关无人驾驶汽车的问题。

1.According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ________.

A.help deal with transportation-related problems B.provide better services to customers C.cause damage to our environment D.make some people lose jobs

答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While much of the debate...mobility options”以及第三段中的“Do we want to copy...with driverless cars”可知，应该注意伴随无人驾驶汽车出现的问题。故选A。]

2.As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern? A.Safety.

B.Side effects.

C.Affordability. D.Management.

答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But however long it takes...how the transformation is regulated”可知，作者最关心自动驾驶的监管问题。故选D。] 3.What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Employed. C.Shared.

B.Replaced. D.Reduced.

答案 A [词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，此处表示“考虑到无人驾驶技术的成本和责任与维护问题，叫车服务(公司)将运用第一批可使用的商业无人驾驶汽车”，fielded这里引申为“使用，应用”之意，故选A。]

4.What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A.Doubtful. C.Disapproving.

B.Positive. D.Sympathetic.

答案 B [观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Well，the future is apparently now”，第二段中的“The arrival of...and more shared”以及最后一段中的“The coming technological advancement...plan for it”可知，作者对无人驾驶汽车的未来持积极正面的态度。故选B。]

B

(2018·南京市高三三模)

Humanity has begun wrestling with the dangers of global threats such as climate change.But few authorities are planning for catastrophic solar storms—huge eruptions of mass and energy from the sun that destroy Earth’s magnetic field.In a recent paper，two Harvard University scientists estimate the potential economic damage from such an event will increase in the future and could equal the current U.S.GDP-about $20 trillion-150 years from now. This kind of storm has happened before.The so-called Carrington Event in 1859，the most intense magnetic storm ever recorded on Earth，caused auroras (极光)in the atmosphere and even delivered electric shocks to telegraph operators.But a Carrington-scale storm today would cause far more harm because society now depends so heavily on electrical power grids，communications satellites and GPS.