定语从句

考什么：which引导的非限制性定语从句，一级考点 历年真题统计01年26、27，03P54 55,03P56翻译7,04P65 50,04P65 60。

基 础 扫 描

一

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引起的，在句子中充当定语成分，来修饰名词、代词或句子。定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词称为先行词。

概念与例句

定语从句

关系代词(介词+关系代词)

先行词 关系副词

The new points which the president stressed in his report are very important indeed. (定语从句、关系代词、先行词)

That is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan. (定语从句、关系代副词、先行词)

所有从句都是由连接词引出来的，定语从句的连接词被叫做关系代词、关系副词。具体而言，有以下几种情况

（一）关系代词知识点

关系代词 that which who 先行词 人或物 物或整句话 人 关系代词所作成分 主、宾、表 例句 1 主、宾（动词宾语、介词2 宾语） 主 3 whom 人 宾 4 whose 人或物 定语（相当于先行词的所5 有格） 主语、宾语 6 as 人或物或整句话 例句：1 One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for.阅读1)(06

2 .Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.(06阅读2)

3 There are a lot of women who will do the job as well as men.(06阅读2)

Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of

money.(03月度2，P48).

4 He saw the manager talking with somebody whom he didn’t know.

5 Many people whose possessions were destroyed in natural disasters eventually considered their loss as a blessing.(06CET-6,12)

6 As is often the case, the more you use your brain, the more active it will become.(03翻译section B 4,P57)

关系代词使用的几种特别规定：

That 1)先行词是不定代词，常见有all, much, any, something, anything等； 2）先行词被all, any, every, some,(a)few,(a)little修

3）先行词被最高级、序数词、the only/next/same/very修饰时； 4）先行词既包括人，又包括物时。

5)只用which:介词后、引导非限制性定语从句只能用which。介词+which既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，也取决于先行词的习惯搭配。 It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar. This is the computer on which he spent all his savings.

6)关系代词省略情况：that、which引导定语从句作宾语可以省略。但以下情况不可省略： 第一，引导非限制性定语从句中，即使作宾语which也不能省略。

第二，关系代词紧跟介词后，作介词宾语，此时一不可用that，只可用which或whom 引导定语从句，并且不可省略；但当介词谓语定语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可以省略。 This is one of the things with which we have to put up.

This is one of the things （that/which ）we have to put up with.

（二）关系副词知识点

关系副词 when where why 与先行词关系 在从句中所作成分 先行词是表示时间的名状语 词，相当于介词+which. 先行词是表示地点的名词，相当于介词+which 先行词是表示理由的名词（reason），相当于for+which. 状语 状语

二练习反馈

长难句分析与理解

1 Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities?(06CET4阅读)