4. He will return in _____ day or two. 5. Boys like to go _____ fishing.

6. _____ wounded were all taken to the hospital.

7. These machines are all made in _____ People’s Republic of China. 8. This chair is made of _____ wood.

9. This kind of shirt is quite in fashion in _____ fifties. 10. He has _____ little chance of going to college. II. 选择填空

11. I would like _____ sandwich. A) these B) another C) lots of D) a lot of

12. It is a pity that we should stay at home when we have _____ weather. (1993年四级题) A) so fine B) such a fine C) such fine D) so fine a 13. Is there _____ unhappiness in the family? A) much B) a few C) an D) many a

14. It is reported that _____ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.（1997年四级题） A) the most B) most of C) most D) the most of 15. The factory fired _____ man. A) many a B) some C) all these D) plenty of 16. I saw _____ boys at the cinema. A) the both B) the several C) several the D) both the 17. He had _____ on the subject. (1991年考研题)

A) a rather strong opinion B) rather strong opinion C) rather the strong opinion D) the rather strong opinion

18. Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, _____ was done. A) a few damages B) few damages C) little damage D) a little damage 19. He did it in _____ time it took me. A) one-third the B) the one-third C) the double D) half a

20. Hardly a month goes by without _____ of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among US citizens. (1993年考研题) A) words B) a word C) the word D) word III. 短文填空，在空白处填入适当的冠词。

From the oval-shaped flower-bed there rose perhaps 21 hundred stalks spreading into heart-shaped or tongue-shaped leaves half way up and unfurling at 22 tip red or blue or yellow petals marked with spots of colour raised upon 23 surface; and from 24 red, blue or yellow

gloom of 25 throat emerged 26 straight bar, rough with gold dust and slightly clubbed at 27 end. 28 petals were voluminous enough to be stirred by the summer breeze, and when they moved, the red, blue and yellow lights passed 29 one over the other, staining an inch of the brown earth beneath with 30 spot of the most intricate colour.

第二章练习答案

I. 填入必要的冠词，在不需要的地方画“×”。 1. The; the; the 2. the 4. a 5. 不填 7. The; 不填 8. 不填 10. 不填 II. 选择填空

11-15 BCACA 16-20 DACAD III. 短文填空，在空白处填入适当的冠词。 21. a 22. the 24. the 25. the 27. the 28. The 30. a

3. the 6. The 9. the

23. the 26. a 29. /

第三章 代 词

3.1概述

代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。

代词本身的词义都很弱，必须根据上下文确定指代关系。许多代词都有两种功能：可单独取代名词的位置；可起修饰语的作用。代词与名词在形态上有所不同。许多代词有比名词多的表示人称、数、格与性的屈折变化；代词没有名词特有的派生词尾，如-tion, -ist, -ship等。 代词可以分为十类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词和否定代词。代词之间相异之处也很多，有的可用作替换词，有的则不能；有的有屈折变化，有的则没有；有的可用形容词修饰，有的则不可。下面例句体现了不同代词相异的性质和功能： ·Sir William Lucas had been formerly in trade in the town of Meryton, where he had made a moderate fortune, and risen to the honour of a title of rank. (Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen) 威廉·卢卡斯爵士从前在麦里屯做生意发迹，获得了一个爵士头衔。(he代替Sir William Lucas) ·The Whites said they might move to California. 怀特一家说他们也许要搬到加利福尼亚洲去。（代词they代替名词短语the Whites） ·Tony always answers teacher’s questions well; that shows that he works very hard at home. 托尼一向对老师的问题回答得很好；这说明他在家学习很用功。（代词that代替前面的分句）。 以下分别介绍各类代词。

3.2人称代词

3.2.1英语中的人称代词： 英语中的人称代词按照单数第一人称、第二人称、第三人称以及复数第一人称、第二人称、第三人称的顺序列出下表：

数 格 人称 主 格 宾 格 单 数 一 I me 二 you you 三 he, she, it him, her, it 复 数 一 we us 二 you you 三 they them 3.2.2人称代词的用法

3.2.2.1人称代词作主语时用主格： ·I do not blame Jane. 我并不怪简。 ·They stepped outside into the bright sunlight to carry on their conversation. 他们走出去, 在灿烂的阳光下继续着他们的谈话。(Far from the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy) ·She did not suspect that she herself was becoming an object of some interest in the eyes of his friend. (Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen) 她（伊丽莎白）没有想到她自己成了彬格莱那位朋友的意中人。 3.2.2.2作动词宾语或介词的宾语时需用宾格：

A. 人称代词的宾格作动词宾语： ·We’ll have to watch them all night. 我们将不得不整夜监视他们。 ·When we saw her again, her hair was cut short, making her look like a girl,… 当我们再见到她的时候, 她的头发剪短了, 使她看上去像个小姑娘。??(A Rose for Amily, William Faulkner) ·He remembered the books of poetry upon his shelves at home. He had bought them in his bachelor days. 他想起了家里书架上放的诗歌书籍。那是他在单身的时候买的。(A Little Cloud, James Joyce) B. 人称代词的宾格作介词的宾语： ·…what was worse for him in this particular pinch of the argument was, … ?对他来说更糟糕的是, 在这场争论的紧要关头?。(Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe) ·What would we do without you? 没有你我们能做什么呢? (David Copperfield, Charles Dickens) ·“Never will I send for him, never!” She promised herself. “我决不去请他, 决不！”她暗自下决心。(Far from the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy)

3.2.2.3作表语时用宾格较多 ·Who’s knocking at the door? It’s me. —谁敲门？—是我。 ·If I were her, I would go there. 如果我是她，我就会去那儿。 ·Oh, it’s you. 啊，是你。

3.2.2.4在than 后常用宾格，若后面有别的字，仍以用主格为好： ·She is taller than me. 她比我高。 ·His brother is better than him. 他的哥哥比他好。 ·You worked harder than I did. 你比我更努力。

3.2.2.5人称代词的一些特殊的用法: 人称代词有一些特殊的用法。we , you 可泛指一般人，they可泛指某些人；she 可代表国家、船只等，it 可指天气、时间等。例如： ·We tend to believe advertisement. 我们往往相信广告。 ·They say honesty is the best virtue. 他们说诚实是最好的美德。 ·It is ten o’clock. 十点了。 注意：人称代词并列使用的顺序需要根据具体语境确定。 1) 出于善意和礼貌时，单数人称的顺序通常为二、三、一。复数人称的顺序通常为一、