Äê²ú9Íò¶ÖҺ̬Ä̵ÄÉú²ú³µ¼äÉè¼Æ - ͼÎÄ ÏÂÔر¾ÎÄ

±í4-3°ÙÀû°üÉú²úÏßËùÓÃÔ­¸¨²ÄÁϺÄËã

4.3.3¼ÒÍ¥ÈéÉú²úÏß

¼ÒÍ¥ÈéÉú²úÏßËùÓÃÔ­¸¨²ÄÁϼÆËã±í4-4Ëùʾ¡£ ±í4-4¼ÒÍ¥ÈéÉú²úÏßËùÓÃÔ­¸¨²ÄÁϼÆËã

4. 4С½á

(1)¼ÃÄÏÖܱߵØÇøÄÌţƷÖÖ¡¢ËÇÑøˮƽ£¬Ìá³öÊʺϵ±µØÌصãµÄÔ­ÁÏÈéÊÕ¹º±ê×¼; (2)¸ù¾Ý²»Í¬Ô­ÁÏÈé×é³ÉÌصãºÍ²úÆ·Ìصã½øÐÐÎïÁϺâË㣬²¢¿¼Âǵ½²»Í¬°ü×°ÐÎʽ֮

¼äµÄ²îÒ죬Çø±ð¶Ô´ý¡£

µÚÎåÕÂÈÈÁ¿ºâËã

ÈéÆ·¹¤³§ÈȽ»»»É豸Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚÔ­ÁÏÈéµÄÀäÈ´¡¢¼ÓÈȺÍɱ¾úµÈ²Ù×÷¡£ÔÚÔ­ÁÏÈéµÄ¼Ó¹¤¹ý

³ÌÖУ¬Ö÷ÒªÓÐÒÔÏÂËÄÖÖɱ¾úÐÎʽ:C1)µÍγ¤Ê±É±¾ú·¨£¬¼´63 0C£¬±£ÎÂ30min; (2)ÖÐΠ˲ʱɱ¾ú·¨£¬¼´72}-750C£¬±£ÎÂ15s; (3)¸ßζÌʱɱ¾ú·¨£¬¼´85}-950C£¬±£ÎÂ5 ^-10min; (4)³¬¸ßÎÂ˲ʱɱ¾ú·¨£¬130-}-1500C, 1-}-5s¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬´¿Å£ÄÌÉú²úÉ϶à²ÉÓÃÖÐÎÂ˲ʱɱ¾ú

·¨£¬¾­³¤ÆÚʵ¼ùÖ¤Ã÷£¬Ð§¹ûÁ¼ºÃ;³¬¸ßÎÂ˲ʱɱ¾ú²»µ«Ê¹Å£Èéɱ¾úºó´¦ÓÚÎÞ¾ú״̬£¬¶øÇÒ

»¹Äܱ£³ÖÅ£ÈéÔ­ÓеÄÓªÑø³É·Ö£¬µ«ÓÉÓÚÉ豸³É±¾¸ß£¬Î´Äܵõ½¹ã·ºÓ¦Ó᣶øËáÄÌϵÁвúÆ·

Éú²úÉ϶à²ÉÓøßζÌʱɱ¾ú·¨£¬Ð§¹û½ÏºÃ£¬ÇÒÓ¦ÓÃÊ®·Ö¹ã·º¡£ 5. 1ÈȽ»»»É豸´«Èȹý³Ì

ÈéÆ·¼Ó¹¤ÖеÄÔ¤ÈÈ¡¢É±¾ú¡¢ÀäÈ´¡¢Å¨ËõµÈ²Ù×÷£¬ÆäÄ¿µÄ¸÷²»Ïàͬ£¬¶øÆäʵÖʶ¼ÊÇ

29

½ÏÈÈ

µÄÎïÌ彫ÈÈÁ¿´«µÝ¸ø½ÏÀäµÄÎïÌ壬ÕâÖÖ¹ý³Ì³ÆΪÈȽ»»»¹ý³Ì»ò´«Èȹý³Ì¡£´«ÈÈÉ豸³ÆΪÈÈ

½»»»Æ÷»ò»»ÈÈÆ÷£¬ÓÃÓÚɱ¾úʱ³ÆΪɱ¾úÆ÷¡£²ÎÓë´«Èȹý³ÌµÄÁ½ÖÖÁ÷Ìå³ÆΪÔØÈÈÌå(»ò½éÖÊ)£¬

·Å³öÈÈÁ¿µÄÈÈÁ÷Ìå³ÆΪÈÈÔØÌå(»ò¼ÓÈȽéÖÊ)£¬¶øζȽϵ͡¢½ÓÊÜÈÈÁ¿µÄÀäÁ÷Ìå³ÆÀäÔØÌå(»ò

Àä½éÖÊ)¡£Å£ÈéµÄɱ¾úÉ豸ÖУ¬ÕôÆû»òÈÈË®ÊÇÈÈÔØÌ壬ţÈéÊÇÀäÔØÌå¡£

ÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚʹÓõÄÈȽ»»»É豸ÊôÓÚ¼ä½ÓÈÈ´«µÝ·½Ê½£¬¼´ÈÈÔØÌåͨ¹ý´«Èȱڽ«ÈÈÁ¿´«µÝ

¸øÀä²ÃÌå¶øʵÏֵġ£Í¼5-1±íʾÈÈÁ¿´ÓÈȽéÖÊ´«µÝ¸øÉ豸¼ä±Ú£¬ÔÙ´«¸øÁíÒ»²àµÄÀä½éÖʵÄ

¹ý³Ì¡£¼ÙÈçÔÚ´«ÈȱÚÒ»²àÈȽéÖÊΪÁ÷¶¯µÄÈÈË®£¬¶øÁ÷¶¯µÄÀäÅ£ÈéλÓÚÁíÒ»Àý£¬ÄÇô¼ÓÈȽé

ÖÊÒ»²àµÄ¼ä±Ú±»¼ÓÈÈ£¬ÁíÒ»²à±»ÀäÈ´¡£

ÔÚ¼ä±ÚµÄÁ½²à£¬¸÷ÓÐÒ»¸ö±ß½ç²ã¡£ÓÉÓÚĦ½ÓÁ¦£¬Óë¼ä±Ú½Ó´¥µÄ±ß½ç²ãµÄÒºÌåÁ÷ËÙ½Ó½ü

ÓÚÁã¡£½ô¿¿±ß½ç²ãÍâµÄÒ»²ãÁ÷ÌåÊܱ߽ç²ãÓ°Ï죬Á÷ËÙºÜС£¬ÔÚͨµÀµÄÖÐÐÄÁ÷ËÙ´ï×î´óÖµ¡£

ͬÑù£¬ÈÈË®µÄζÈÔÚͨµÀµÄÖÐÐÄÊÇ×î¸ßµÄ£¬Ô½Êǽӽü¼ä±ÚµÄË®£¬±»ÁíÒ»²àµÄÀä½éÖÊÀä

È´µÃÔ½¿ì¡£ÈÈÁ¿ÒÔ¶ÔÁ÷ºÍ´«µ¼µÄ·½Ê½Í¨¹ý±ß½ç²ã´«µÝ¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¼òµ¥µØ˵Ã÷ÈÈ´«µÝ¹ý³Ì£¬

ͼ5-2´ú±í±»¼ä¸ô¿ªµÄÁ½¸öͨµÀ£¬ÈÈË®Á÷¹ýÒ»ÌõͨµÀ£¬¶øÅ£ÈéÁ÷¹ýÁíÒ»ÌõͨµÀ¡£ÈÈË®½øÈë

ͨµÀµÄζÈΪtm£¬ÔÚ³ö¿Ú´¦±»ÀäÈ´µ½tm¡£Å£Èé½øÈëÈȽ»»»Æ÷ʱµÄζÈΪt }2£¬¶øÔÚ³ö¿Ú´¦

±»ÈÈË®¼ÓÈȵ½toe o

30

5. 2ÈÈÁ¿ºâËã¹ý³Ì˵Ã÷

»»ÈÈÆ÷µÄ´«ÈȼÆËãÖ÷ÒªÓÐÁ½Àà:Ò»ÀàÊÇÉè¼Æ¼ÆË㣬¼´¸ù¾ÝÉú²úÒªÇóµÄÈȸººÉ£¬È·¶¨»»Êé

Æ÷µÄ´«ÈÈÃæ»ý;ÁíÒ»ÀàÊÇУºË¼ÆË㣬¼´¼ÆËãËù¸ø»»ÈÈÆ÷µÄ´«ÈÈÁ¿¡¢Á÷ÌåµÄÁ÷Á¿»òζȵȡ£ Á½ÕßÒÔ»»ÈÈÆ÷µÄÈÈÁ¿ºâËãºÍ´«ÈÈËÙÂÊ·½³ÌΪ¼ÆËã»ù´¡¡£ 5. 2. 1ÈÈÁ¿ºâËã

¶Ô°åʽ»»ÈÈÆ÷×÷ÄÜÁ¿ºâË㣬ÒÔСʱΪ»ù×¼¡£ÒòÎÞÍ⹦¼ÓÈ룬ÇÒλÄܺͶ¯Äܾù¿ÉÂÔ¡£Ë¾

ʵÖÊÉÏΪ»âºâËã¡£

¼ÙÉè»»ÈÈÆ÷¾øÈÈÁ¼ºÃ£¬ÈÈËðʧ¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔʱ£¬Ôòµ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚÈÈÁ÷Ìå·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿µÈÓÚÀäÒÊ

ÌåÎüÊÕÈÈÁ¿£¬¼´:

31

¸ÃʽΪ×Ü´«ÈÈËÙÂÊ·½³Ìʽ£¬Ò²ÊÇ×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊýµÄ¶¨Òåʽ£¬±íÃ÷ÁË×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊýÔÚÊýÖµÉϵÈÓÚ

µ¥Î»Î¶ȲîϵÄÈÈͨÁ¿¡£ 5.2.3ƽ¾ùζȲî

ÔÚÒ»°ãÇé¿öÏ£¬ÀäÈÈÁ÷ÌåÔÚÎȶ¨»»ÈȵÄÉ豸ÄÚ·Ö±ðÔÚ¼ä±ÚÁ½²àÑØ×Å´«ÈÈÃæ½øÐÐÎüÈȺÍ

·ÅÈÈ£¬Òò´ËÁ÷ÌåµÄζÈÑØ´«ÈÈÃæÒª·¢ÉúÖ𽥱仯£¬Ôò´«ÈÈÃæÁ½²àµÄ¾Ö²¿´«ÈÈβîÒ²ÊÇÑØ×Å

´«ÈÈÃæ¶ø±ä»¯µÄ£¬¹ÊΪÁË»ý·ÖʽµÄ×Ü´«ÈÈËÙÂÊ·½³Ì£¬ÓÃƽ¾ùζȲîÀ´´úÌæ¾Ö²¿Î²ÇÒ×÷

ÒÔϼÙÉè:¢Ùµ¼ÈÈΪÎȶ¨µ¼ÈÈ;¢ÛÁ½Á÷ÌåµÄ±ÈÈÈÈÝΪ³£Êý;¢ß×Ü´«ÈÈϵÊýKΪ³£Êý;¢Üºö ÂÔÈÈËðʧ¡£

5. 2. 3. 1ºãδ«ÈÈʱµÄƽ¾ùβî

»»ÈÈÆ÷µÄ¼ä±ÚÁ½²àÁ÷Ìå¾ùÓÐÏà±ä»¯£¬³ÉΪºãδ«ÈÈ¡£ÔÚºãδ«ÈÈÖУ¬ÀäÈÈÁ÷ÌåµÄζÈ

¾ù²»Ñعܳ¤±ä»¯£¬Á½Õß¼äµÄζȲ´¦ÏàµÈ£¬¼´¡÷t=T-tÔò:

Q=KS (T-t) =KSOt 5. 2. 3. 2±äδ«ÈÈϵÄƽ¾ùβî

±äδ«ÈÈʱ£¬ÈôÁ½Á÷ÌåÏ໥µÄÁ÷Ïò²»Í¬£¬Ôò¶ÔβîµÄÓ°ÏìÒ²²»Í¬¡£ÔÚ»»ÈÈÆ÷ÖУ¬ÈôÁ½

Á÷ÌåÒÔÏà·´µÄ·½ÏòÁ÷¶¯£¬³ÆΪÄæÁ÷;ÒÔÏàͬµÄ·½ÏòÁ÷¶¯³ÆΪ²¢Á÷¡£Î²îÑعܳ¤¶ø±ä»¯µÄ£¬ ¿Éµ¼³ö¼ÆËãƽ¾ùβîµÄµÄͨʽΪ:

32