Unit 1

Text A

Comprehension of text

1. He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makes or has made to human civilization.

2. The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness.

3. Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.

4. A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person. 5. Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as the ability to communicate effectively.

6. The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial. 7. They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.

8. The study showed that enjoying one’s work is the best form of motivation.

Vocabulary

1 chat 2.acknowledge 3.motivated 4.charcteristic 5 despite 6.influential 7.cited 8.obstacle 9 intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate 13 contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.morale

1 left behind 2.rise 3.made history 4.were endowed with 5 put up with 6.going nowhere 7.ifocuses on 8.be built on

9 put in 10.come up with 11.take charge 12.set...apart

Word building

efficiency emergency fluency frequency proficiency tendency urgency sufficiency

1 fluency 2.proficiency 3.emergency 4.Efficiency 5 tendency 6.frequency

Structure

1. For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it's that they don’t have good study habits.

2. Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have different IQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments.

3. The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren't talented — it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.

4. I’m really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.

5. You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.

1. President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic and political isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperation through an association of nations. 2.Computers don't teach students in groups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their different needs.

3. We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solve the problem of the greatest urgency at present.

4. He doesn’t get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend to everything himself. 5. Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the students receive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the students have internalized the ability and desire to learn.

Close

1-5 BCBAD 6-10 DCABA 11-15 DABCA

Transition

西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。“人们往往认为他们天生具有一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。“但研究结果表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。”他举出二战时期的英国首相温斯顿?丘吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在1940年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们绝不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底??我们永远不会屈服。”

1. Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.

2. His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.

3. If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects.

4. Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.

5. After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.

6. Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.

7. Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.

8. This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.

Text B

Guessing meaning of the context

1-5BADAC 6-10ACCAB 11-14DCAB

Vocabulary exercises

1 scandal 2.stirred 3.projected 4.attain 5.transformed 6.faking 7.conveyed 8.eloquent 9 humiliate 10 coherent 11 analysis 12 rally 13 determined 14 consoled

Error correction

1 awards rewards 2 they it 3 do done 4decrease increased 5 rises falls 6strict strictly 7 People continuously work People who continuously work

8 and provide for psychological support and provide psychological support 9 for of 10 less more

Text C