2018年高考押题预测卷01【江苏卷】英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡ 19. 15. 答案是 C。
1. What time is it now?
A. 9:00. B. 9:10. C. 10:00. 2. How did the woman feel about her holiday?
A. Excited. B. Pleased. C. Disappointed. 3. What will the speakers eat for lunch?
A. Noodles. B. Sandwiches. C. Pizza. 4. Why is the man worried?
A. His train is delayed. B. He’s late for a meeting. C. The woman’s leaving soon. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She agrees with the man. B. She will correct the figures.
C. She doesn’t think there’s any mistake.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
B. ￡ 9. 18.
C. ￡ 9. 15.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a printing house. 7. Who will make new copies?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. John. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who is the woman?
A. A dancer. B. A waitress. C. A dry cleaner. 9. What problem does the man have? A. He lost his wife’s dress. B. He didn’t bring the number. C. He forgot the dancer’s phone number. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How often does the man go to the school theater club?
A. Every evening. B. Twice a month. C. Once a week. 11. What does the woman think of the city?
A. It’s noisy. B. It’s colorful. C. It’s crowded. 12. What does the man dislike most about the city?
A. The neighbors. B. The traffic. C. The streets. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where will the speakers probably stay in the Grand Canyon?
A. In a tent. B. In a hotel. C. In a village house. 14. What will the speakers do in Yellowstone?
A. Do some walking. B. Ride a horse. C. Go boating. 15. What does the woman think of going to some remote parts of the Yellowstone National Park?
A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Frightening. 16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Co-workers. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker deal with his pocket money?
A. He saved most of them. B. He spent half on sweets. C. He gave some to his brother.
18. What was Mrs. Bartlett’s attitude toward children?
A. Patient. B. Generous. C. Rude. 19. What did Bernard buy?
A. Sweets. B. Balls. C. Cards. 20. How did Bernard finally get sweets? A. By begging the speaker. B. By complaining to Mum. C. By stealing the speaker’s.
第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. The concept of green and low-carbon life has received wide _________ since a series of measures were taken by the government. A. occupation currency
22. Frankly speaking, such efficient strategies were applied in English learning practice _______ every student could benefit from in life. A. when where
23. Taking a close look at their respective historical contexts, purposes and principles, huge differences can be ________ between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Marshall Plan.
B. that
C. as D.
B. cooperation
C. criterion D.
A. condemned demonstrated
B. exploited C. identified D.
24. The film Youth, the theme of ________ about the youth, has enjoyed great popularity recently. A. it what
25. It is always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence. A. commits will commit
26.The Oscars have been around for so long that they serve as an indicator of ______ the Hollywood community values now and in the past. A. that what
27. The bike-sharing business, which ________ in big Chinese cities two years ago, allows riders to hire bikes for as little as one yuan per hour via a mobile app and drop them off anywhere for the next user.
A. took off turned off
28. —Did you got your driving license?
—Yes, otherwise I _______ to the my hometown next month. A. wouldn’t drive C. won’t drive
B. wouldn’t have driven
D. couldn’t have driven
B. kept off
C. left off
D.
B. where
C. how
D.
B. commit
C. committed
D.
B. which
C. that
D.
29. A massive cyber-attack using tools believed ________ from the US National Security Agency (NSA) has struck organizations around the world. A. to be stolen
B. to have been stolen D. to steal
C. being stolen
30.We do not have a big car and there are no old, expensive vases or paintings in our houses. ________, what I value about my father is the care and love he shows for me and my family. A. Rather Hence
B. Therefore C. Besides D.
31. —The authority concerned must have taken much stricter measures to ensure traffic safety next year, ______ it? —Yes, definitely. A. didn’t won’t
32. —Those words and expressions are really hard to remember. —________. You know, practice makes perfect. A. It’s hard to say
B. It’s up to you D. You can’t be serious
B. mustn’t
C. hasn’t
D.
C. You are not alone
33. There is no absolute success in the world, only ________ progress.
34. The decision by the State Council to introduce Chinese Brands Day was made ________a request filed by the National Development and Reform Commission, China’s top economic regulator.
A. in contrast to
B. in response to
D. in spite of
C. in light of
35. Tom was ________ when he heard his partner would go abroad to have a holiday while he had to stay here and work. A. a big potato C. in the red
B. green with envy D. the top dog
第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I may be a bit old school but I think that people who store all of their pictures on their smart phones are missing out on something. There is ___36___ like seeing a loved one’s smiling face looking down on you from a picture frame on your wall. It is both ___37___and assuring, almost like they are watching ___38___ you while you work at your desk. As I work at my own desk I can see my Mom’s picture smiling down on me. She left us too soon. She was only 55 years old when cancer ___39___ her. If one’s years here were___40___ on merit then she should have lived to be over 100. My Dad’s kind smile is ___41___ hers. It has only been a few years since he passed. Sometimes I still ___42___ the telephone wanting to call him and tell him something that has just happened to me only to remember that he is gone. My Nana’s picture is there too, ___43___ the 90 years young sign at her birthday party 16 years ago. How I wish I ___44__ walk into her kitchen again, have a talk, and ___45___ a big slice of homemade Italian bread with her.
Sometimes looking at these pictures gives me a ___46__ of sadness. I still miss them all and I don’t feel ___47___ to be the oldest generation yet. Most of the time, ___48___, I only feel the warmth and joy that comes from a million loving memories ___49___these pictures bring back. It makes me feel___50___ knowing that I had them all in my life for the years that I did. It makes me want to follow their loving example___51___ in my own life as well. A lot of people say that you have to have a ___52___ heart to get through life. Others say a soft heart is better. I myself think that a strong heart is best. We need a heart that loves through the ___53___. We need a heart that keeps loving ___54___when we lose the people we love the most. We need a heart that knows that “Anyone who lives in love lives in God, and God lives in him.” May your heart be strong then. May your love ___55___ from your pictures and from your life.
36. A. something 37. A. confusing 38. A. out
B. anything
C. everything C. comforting
D. nothing D. frustrating D. on D. took D. reliable D. inferior to D. hang up D. holding D. should D. purchase D. touch D. thrilled D. instead
B. disgusting B. over B. eliminated B. dependent B. next to B. pick up B. catching B. shall B. prepare
C. for C. sacrificed C. keen
39. A. claimed 40. A. based
41. A. second to 42. A. put up
C. related to C. bring up C. compiling C. might C. bake C. logic C. happy
43. A. celebrating 44. A. could 45. A. share 46. A. ratio
B. emotion B. ready
47. A. satisfied 48. A. but
B. therefore C. though
49. A. that
B. what
C. where
D. when D. despaired D. frequently D. stubborn D. happiness D. only D. shine
50. A. graceful 51. A. purposely 52. A. rigid 53. A. harvest
B. blessed C. cheerful
B. naturally B. solid B. future B. even B. grant
C. desperately C. tough C. pain C. ever C. ripen
54. A. since 55. A. spread
第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Zinc Can Cut Colds Short Driving Can Lower Your IQ Zinc isn't the cure for the common cold, but In a recent study of approximately 500,000 people mounting evidence indicates it can be a big help. between ages 37 and 73, researchers found a An analysis of three randomised controlled trials noticeable drop-off in brainpower, as measured by found that 70 per cent of patients who had taken intelligence and memory tests, among those who zinc acetate lozenges(80 to 92 mg per drove for more than two hours each day. The study day)within 24 hours of noticing cold symptoms also found that the more time participants spent had recovered on the fifth day, compared with watching TV, which, like driving, fails to exercise 27 per cent of patients who had received a either the body or the brain, the worse their test placebo.While that dosage is higher than the scores. If you must drive long distances to work, daily recommended amount, no serious side consider adding a mentally stimulating activity to effects were observed. Be sure your zinc lozenge your commute, such as listening to language lessons. doesn't also contain citric acid(柠檬酸),which can make it less effective. Dairy Helps Fight Early Menopause Calcium and vitamin D have long been known to work together to build strong bones. Now scientists have discovered that they may also play a role in preventing early menopause(更年期), which is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, heart disease and other health issues. In a study of 116,430 premenopausal women, those who got the most calcium and vitamin D from food-especially dairy-had the lowest risk of early menopause. Supplements did not have any beneficial effect, perhaps because they lack the other vitamins, fats and hormones(such as progesterone and oestrogen)found in dairy. 56. Which of the following is True according to the passage? A. Zinc can help treat any common cold effectively.
B. Despite time participants spent watching TV, their test scores are still high. C. Language lessons are beneficial to mental activity.
D. Calcium is more functional than vitamin D in curing menopause. 57. What's the main purpose of the passage? A. To sell some medicines to the customers. B. To inform readers of some pieces of medical news. C. To offer some statistics about scientific researches. D. To promote some products about milk.
B
Airborne dust is normally seen as an environmental problem, but the lack of it is making air pollution over China considerably worse.
A new study suggests less dust means more solar radiation hits the land surface, which reduces wind speed. That lack of wind in turn leads to an accumulation of air pollution over
heavily populated parts of China. The researchers found that reduced dust levels cause a 13% increase in human-made pollution in the region.
Hundreds of millions of people across China continue to be impacted by air pollution from factories and coal-fired power plants. Studies suggest that the dirty air contributes to 1.6 million deaths a year, about 17% of all mortalities. But this new research says that the human-induced pollution is being made worse or better by naturally occurring dust that blows in from the Gobi desert. Using models to simulate 150 years of wind and dust patterns in the region, the researchers found that the dust deflects significant amounts of sunlight. Without it, more heat from the Sun hits the land. Differences in the temperatures between land and sea cause the winds to blow. Without the dust, the land warms up more and that changes the temperature differential with the sea leading to weaker breezes - and more air pollution.
\are two dust sources. One is the Gobi and the other is the highlands of north-west China, but we found the Gobi had much more influence,\Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington State, US. \dust in the atmosphere causes more solar radiation to reach the surface. It weakens the temperature difference between the land and the sea and impacts the circulation of the winds and causes a stagnation over eastern China and that causes an accumulation of air pollution.\
Another study has recently shown a link between declining Arctic sea ice and a major air pollution event in China in 2013. The authors of the new study believe that both theories could be true.
\study has the same mechanism: the weakening of winds causes more pollution, and what is behind this needs to be studied,\said Yang Yang, \have two views on this kind of weakening of wind. They found the sea ice, we found the dust-wind interaction can also lead to weakening of the wind. I think both of them are important.\
The researchers believe that the study may inform broader questions about how natural and human-created aerosols interact.
Many parts of the world, in addition to China, are now suffering from increased levels of air pollution and understanding how dust, winds and emissions work together may help limit some of the worst impacts of dirty air.
One of the key lessons from this study is that the absence of dusty conditions could mean the air you are breathing is worse for you, not better.
58. According to the new study, the formation of air pollution over heavily populated parts of China is due to ________.
A. the accumulation of dust C. the high level of living standards
B. the lack of temperature D. the shortage of wind
59. What’s the right sequence of cause and effect leading to the air pollution? ①the worse circulation of the winds ②more heat from the sun
③lessening temperature between the land and the sea ④less dust
⑤a worse stagnation A. ④①③②⑤ C.④②③①⑤
B. ①④②⑤③ D. ①⑤②④③
60. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Millions of people die of diseases caused by dirty air every year in China. B. The theory of the consequences caused by declining Arctic sea ice is less scientific. C. The new study must invite questions about how natural and human-created aerosols interact. D. The absence of dusty conditions means a more healthier environment.
C
IT is fashionable to say that tech firms will conquer the financial services industry. Yet in the case of Apple, it seems that the opposite is happening and finance is taking over tech by stealth(悄然). Since the death of Steve Jobs, its co-founder, in 2011, the world’s biggest firm by market value has sold hundreds of millions of phones with bionic chips (仿生芯片)and know-it-all digital assistants. But it has also grown a financial operation that is already, on some measures, roughly half the size of Goldman Sachs.
Apple does not organize its financial activities into one subsidiary, but Schumpeter has lumped them together. The result—call it “Apple Capital”—has $262bn of assets, $108bn of debt, and has traded $1.6trn of securities since 2011. It appears to be run fairly cautiously and is part of a
thriving firm, but it still deserves scrutiny. Companies have a history of being hurt by their financial arms; think General Electric (GE) or General Motors (GM).
Apple Capital has lots of responsibilities but three stand out. It invests the firm’s mountain of surplus profits, mainly in “highly rated” instruments (this task seems to fall to Braeburn Capital, a subsidiary in Nevada, which uses some external fund managers). Apple Capital also uses derivatives (衍生品)in order to protect the firm against currency and interest-rate gyrations. And it manages America’s fifth-biggest corporate-debt pile by issuing Apple bonds as part of an elaborate strategy to limit tax bills.
Apple Capital has become important to its parent. Since Jobs died, its assets have risen by 221%, twice as fast as the company’s sales, reflecting Apple’s huge build-up of profits. Its investments are worth 32% of Apple’s market value, and its profits (investment income, plus gains on derivatives, less interest costs) have been 7% of Apple’s pre-tax profits so far this year. It is also sizeable compared with other financial firms. Consider four measures: assets, debt, credit exposure and profits. Depending on the yardstick, Apple Capital is 30-85% as big as Goldman Sachs. It is 22-42% as large as GE Capital was at its peak in 2007, just before things went down the tubes during the subprime crisis.
Apple Capital is different from these firms in important ways. It does not take deposits and has much lower leverage. In their prime Goldman and GE Capital were run by hard-charging financiers, and made lots of loans. By contrast, Apple Capital does not make loans, and is not meant to be a profit centre in its own right.
Apple’s core business is so profitable that it is—almost—incredible that a blow-up at Apple Capital could lead to it needing taxpayer or central-bank support, as was the case for GM and GE. Still, it is easy to imagine how Apple Capital could hurt its parent. A market shock could lead to losses on its portfolios. A two-percentage-point rise in interest rates would result in a loss of $10bn. If bond markets dried up, Apple might struggle to issue so much debt and have to bring home funds, incurring a big tax bill. It might also become tricky to run such a big derivatives portfolio. According to a former manager who left in 2012, Apple’s financial gurus were careful because “nobody wanted that 3am call from Steve Jobs”. But Jobs isn’t there any more. In any case, a fear of rebuke is not enough. If the tax laws change Tim Cook, Apple’s boss should wind down the
structure that the firm has created. Tech firms should seek to disrupt finance, not be seduced by it. 61. Which of the following is Not the responsibility of the \ A. using its surplus profits to re-invest. B. providing related financial derivatives. C. issuing bonds to avoid high tax. D. exploring new electronic products.
62. The sentence \ Nonetheless, it still has become riskier in different ways.\end of ________. A. paragraph 3 C. paragraph 5
B. paragraph 4 D. paragraph 6
63.What can be concluded according to the last two paragraphs? A. Apple 's development should be in line with GM and GE. B. The change of interest rates makes great different to Apple. C. Apple's home funds can compensate for its loss in bond markets. D. Tech firms should be attached to finance.
64. The passage is mainly developed by the followings except _________. A. making comparisons C. following the order of importance
D
LONDON – Hillary Clinton got closer than any American woman to the nation’s top job, but her loss this week has thrown a spotlight back onto the question: Why has the United States lagged behind so many countries around the world in choosing a female leader?
Tiny Sri Lanka became the first to shatter the political gender barrier more than a half-century ago, back when that island nation was known as Ceylon. Its giant neighbor, India, followed a few years later.
Since then women have attained top leadership posts – president, prime minister or its equivalent – in more than 70 countries in Europe, Latin America and the Asia-Pacific. Today women run two of Europe’s most powerful nations, Angela Merkel in Germany and Theresa May in Britain. So why not the United States?
B. provide data D. giving examples
Historians have offered a range of reasons. Many of the earlier women’s pathways were eased because their husbands or fathers were autocratic or charismatic leaders first. Some were chosen via parliamentary deal-making, not direct elections. Others were initially tapped as temporary leaders.
Some scholars theorize that European democracies may view women as more suited to high political office because their governments are known for generous social-welfare programs, something that seems maternal. In contrast, the president of the United States is primarily seen as commander in chief, which is a frame more difficult for women to fit into.
“America is still seen as the policeman of the world, the guardian of the world, and we still have a very gendered version of what leadership means,” said Laura A. Liswood, secretary-general of the United Nations Foundation’s Council of Women World Leaders, a network of current and former female prime ministers and presidents. “Not only do we have to be liked, we also have to be tough.”
Sue Thomas, a senior research scientist at the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation in Santa Cruz, California, said that unlike political leadership posts elsewhere, the U.S. presidency “is seen as a very masculine(男性) institution that for historical reasons is extremely hard for a female to approach.”
Gender was never far from the surface in the protracted presidential campaign, but experts cautioned against seeing the election as merely a referendum(公民投票权) on the idea of a female president.
“It’s hard to build a generalization about women candidates based on Hillary Clinton,” said Timothy Garton Ash, professor of European studies at Oxford University. “She is such a special case and unique figure, having been around for so long. Did people vote against her because she was a woman or because her name is Clinton? Of course it could be both.”
Still, many experts see an underlying（潜在的）bias that has discouraged American women from seeking political office, impeding the flow of potential female presidential candidates.
“What we have in the United States is a pipeline problem,” said Kathleen Dolan, chairwoman of the department of political science at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. “Not enough women in the high-visibility, high-credibility offices. Not enough women running for school
boards, county councils.”
The United States ranks 97th among 193 nations worldwide in the percentage of women in the lower house of Congress, according to data compiled by the Inter-Parliamentary Union. 65. The passage mainly focuses on _________. A. how women are popular in European democracies. B. why there is no female president in the USA. C. when women can come into power in the world. D. what can be done to change women’s status in America.
66. The underlined word in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________. A. crush C. attack
B. challenge D. interfere
67. According to historians, many of the earlier women’s pathways were eased because________. A. they took advantage of their family resources. B. they were elected directly by the public. C. they were appointed as permanent leaders. D. they gained help from abroad.
68. Why women in European countries are recognized as more suitable for high political duty? A. Women in Europe are much more generous than those in other continents. B. The democracies in Europe well match women’s roles in society. C. Women in Europe are better at regulate their governments. D. The democracies in Europe naturally have a preference for women. 69. From the passage, we can conclude that________.
A. The president of America is extremely hard for a female to approach for intellectual reasons B. Election can be viewed as merely a referendum on the idea of a female president. C. Hillary Clinton would help set up a generalization about women candidates. D. Women in America can’t seek proper ways to be involved in politics. 70. The passage is most probably an introduction of ________.
A. conference summary B. scientific research C. remarks on current affairs D. political campaign
第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词。 Let’s face it. We all fail.
As we go through life we have relationships that don't work out, jobs that just aren't right, exams that we flunk, initiatives that don't succeed. The more new things we try the more failures we are likely to have. In fact, the only way to avoid failure is to do nothing new.
The important thing is how we deal with failure. It can be part of a downward slide in which lack of confidence reinforces feelings of inadequacy and incompetence. But experiencing failure can be a learning experience and an opportunity for a fresh start. A good way to begin this process is by asking yourself some tough questions. 1. What can I learn from this?
Take responsibility for what went wrong. Ok, so it was not all your fault — but some of it was. Successful people don't make excuses or blame others. They take ownership of the issues. Be critical but constructive. Try to look at the experience objectively. Make a list of the key things that happened. Analyze the list step-by-step and look for the learning points. 2. What could I have done differently?
What other options did you have? What choices did you make? How could you have handled it differently? With the benefit of hindsight, what different steps would you have taken? 3. Do I need to acquire or improve some skills?
Did the problem reveal some lack of skill on your part? How could you learn or improve those skills? Perhaps there are books or courses or people you could turn to. Make a self-development plan to acquire the skills and experiences you need. 4. Who can I learn from?
Is there someone to whom you can turn to for advice? Did a boss, colleague or a friend see what happened? If they are constructive and supportive then ask them for some feedback and guidance. Most people do not ask for help because they believe it to be a sign of weakness rather than strength. It’s not. It shows that you are ready to learn and change. Any good friend will be happy to help.
5. What will I do next?
Now draw up an action plan. Will you try something similar or something different? Revisit your goals and objectives. This reversal has been a setback on your journey but think of it as a diversion rather than a halt. You can now reset your sights on your destination and plan a new course.
If you read the life stories of successful people — especially inventors, explorers, scientists or statesmen — you will find that their early careers are littered with failures. Walt Disney, Thomas Edison and Henry ford are typical examples. Abraham Lincoln, suffered many defeats in his career in politics including losing the nomination for vice president in 1856 and his second run at being a U.S. senator in 1858, two years later he was elected president.
The important point is to use your setbacks as learning experiences and make them stepping stones to future success. There are always positives you can take from every episode in your life. Asking yourself these five questions can help find them.
Face Failure Positively Brief introduction ★We may meet with different ____71___ things in our daily lives; ★We are more ____72____ to have failures when we try more new things; ★We can regard failure as a ____73____ of a learning experience and a restarting opportunity. Five tough questions 1. What can I learn from this? ★Being____74____ for what went wrong: To look at the experience objectively; To make a list of the key things that happened; To Analyze the list step-by-step and look for the learning points. 2. What could I have done differently? ★Holding the _____75___ of hindsight, we could have coped with the problem differently. 3. Do I need to acquire or improve some skills? ★Turning to books or courses or people and ___76___ out a self-development plan. 4. Who can I learn from? ★Asking for help is not a sign of weakness, ____77____, it shows that we are brave enough to learn and change. 5. What will I do next? ★Resetting our new goals and ____78____ ourselves to new journey. Conclusion ★Even the successful people couldn’t _____79___failures in their early careers. ★Using setbacks as learning experiences and making them stepping stones ____80____to future success 第五部分 书面表达 (满分25分)
每个人都是社会一员，每个人与他人都紧密相连， 建立和谐社会需要每个人的努力，因此拥有一定的社会责任感至关重要，但每个人的对此的理解却各不相同，请依据下面一项针对中学生社会责任感体现的调查图表写一篇150词左右的短文，要求如下：
社会责任感的体现50@0%比例20%0%
国家建设赚钱养家自己独立无所谓其它
[写作内容]
1. 用约30词概括你对社会责任的理解； 2. 依据你的理解阐述社会责任感的重要性； 3. 结合实际谈谈如何有效培养中学生的社会责任感。 [写作要求]
1. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称; 2. 不必写标题。 [评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。