3. 学位英语中常遇到的固定搭配及与冠词有关的表达 ?使用定冠词的表达 by the way on the whole in the end on the way to tell the truth
in the possession of
?使用不定冠词的表达
as a matter of fact, as a rule, have a chance, have a good time, have a say, have a try, keep an eye on, on a large scale, in a hurry, take a walk, take an interest in
?不使用冠词的表达
at noon/night/dawn, in front of, at bottom, in order, in public/private/danger/trouble/advance/sight/
in fashion, in fact, at hand, at last, at present, day and night, on top of, take part in, take place
连词重点点拨
一、连词属于虚词之一，它不能在句子里独立地担任句子成分，而只能起连接作用?a?a连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子。例如： Would you like some tea or coffee ?
（连接词与词）您是喝茶，还是喝咖啡 ？
Do we have our meeting in the morning or in the afternoon ? （连接短语与短语）
我们是上午开会，还是下午开会？
Do it carefully, or you’ll make some mistake.
（连接句子与句子）认真地干，不然会出差错的。
二、连词主要可分成两类：
①并列连词（Coordinating Conjunctions）:用来连接平行对等（即互不从属）的词、词组、或分句。按其表示的不同意思有下面几种：
1）表示转折意思
but , yet , however , nevertheless 2）表示因果关系
for , so , therefore , hence 3）表示并列关系
and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as
②从属连词（Subordinating Conjunctions）:是用来引起从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引起名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位
语从句）和状语从句，不会引起定语从句。
1. 引起名词从句的连词：that , whether , if 2. 引起状语从句的连词： 1）时间状语从句：when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly 2）地点状语从句：where , wherever
3）原因状语从句：as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , not that…but that
4）目的状语从句：that , so that , in order that , lest , for fear that , in case
5）结果状语从句：that , so … that , such … that 6）条件状语从句：if , unless , so/as long as, so far as, on condition (that ) ,provided ( that ) 7）让步状语从句：though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever 8）比较状语从句：than , as
9）方式状语从句：as , as if , as though
写作中常用的过渡词可以分为以下几类：
（1）表并列关系的过渡词： and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor等。
（2）表递进关系的过渡词：
besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more， what’s worse等。
（3）表转折对比的过渡词：
but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, not only…but also, the former…the latter, the first… whereas the second, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others等。
（4）表原因的过渡词：
because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to, for this reason, owing to, considering that, seeing that等。
（5）表结果的过渡词：
so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, hence, so…that, such…that, accordingly等。
（6）表条件的过渡词：
if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。
（7）表时间的过渡词：
when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。
（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：
first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterwards（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）等。
（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：
in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。
（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：
for instance, for example, take … as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。
（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：
in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。
（12）表强调的过渡词：
certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。
（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：
like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, on the contrary, by contrast, on one hand…, on the other hand, otherwise 等。
（14）表目的的过渡词：
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。
（15）表总结的过渡词：
in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusionin summary, on the whole等。
（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition, furthermore, besides, moreover, what’s more等。
数词重要点拨
一、基数词及其主要用法：
表示数目的词称基数词。 15 fifteen 242
two hundred and forty-two， 5058
five thousand and fifty-eight，
9,600,000 nine million six hundred thousand
1.基数词可以用于数字的计算。 ? 6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen. ? 9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.
? 7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five. ? 8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.
2．基数词可以表示人的大致年龄和年代。 ? He died in his fifties. ? This took place in 1990s/1990's. ? The professor became successful in his thirties.
3．基数词可以用来表达年份、时间、电话号码。 ? 1700
?seventeen hundred ? 1814
?eighteen fourteen ? 9:20 ?nine twenty ? 11:30
?eleven thirty/ half past eleven ? 5:45
?five forty-five/ a quarter to six
4．基数词可以用于编号。
? Number six, line 4, page 19, Bus (No.) 332, Platform (No.) 5, Room 101
5．基数词可以和其他词一起构成合成形容词，在句子中作定语。 ?A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.
?This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words. ?(The baby is eleven months old.)
? The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework. ? (There are four thousand words in the essay.)