笔记本电脑必须有一层防水保护膜。我相信在这防水保护膜的保护下电脑能运转良好。 即学即练

根据汉语提示完成句子。

(1)What can I do to ____________________(防止这种疾病蔓延)?

(2)Almost all parents are ready to ____________________(保护他们的孩子免受伤害)．

(3)I was ____________________ (不能入睡)by the church bells.

答案：(1)stop/prevent the disease spreading (2)protect their children from harm (3)kept/stopped/prevented from sleeping

5．contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；控制 affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭

(教材原句P26)It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。 (1)vt.包含，含有；容纳

①This book ________ all the information you need. 这本书包含你所需的一切资料。

②The jar contains ten glasses of water. 这个罐子能装十杯水。 (2)vt.控制；抑制

③I ________ my excitement. 我无法抑制内心的激动。

易混辨析

contain/include

易混词 区别 contain 多指包含某物的全部内容 include 多指包含某物的部分内容 [语境串记]

The plane contains 300 people，including the two pilots. 这架飞机能容纳300人，包括两名飞行员。 (3)vt.影响 相当于have an effect on

④The rise in prices will affect all classes of people. 物价上涨对各阶层的人都有影响。 (4)vt.(感情上)深深打动(＝move) 常见搭配：

???affect sb to tears把某人感动得流泪? ?be greatly/deeply affected by被……深深打动

⑤I ____________________________ by his story. 我被他的故事深深打动了。 (5)vt. (指疾病)侵袭；使感染

⑥Cancer has affected his lungs. 他的肺已经癌变。 归纳拓展

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effect n.影响；效果

have an effect on对……有影响 易混辨析

affect/effect

易混词 affect effect 区别 是动词，往往表示不太好的影响或作用 是名词，意思是“作用；后果；效用；(法律)效力”。effect作动词时，相当正式，意为“引起，使发生”，只用于表示特定的意思，如造成改变，实行行动计划等，和affect的意思不一样 ⑦We were all deeply ________ by the news of her death. 她去世的消息使我们都深感悲痛。

⑧It won't be easy to put the changes into ________． 把这些变化落到实处不会是件容易的事。

答案：①contains ③could not contain ⑤was greatly affected ⑦affected ⑧effect [语境串记] Electronic games don't have much effect on grown－ups but affect students a great deal.

电子游戏对成年人影响不大，但是对学生影响很大。 即学即练

(1)单句语法填空。

①We were deeply ________ (affect) by her works. ②What he said has ________ effect on me.

(2)选词填空：contain，include。(注意形式的变化)

①The book ______ ten chapters，________ American Literature.

②This kind of fruit __________ lots of vitamin C and B，vitamin D ________． 答案：(1)①affected ②an (2)①contains including ②contains included 6．pay attention to注意

appreciate v．鉴赏；感激；意识到(后接名词、代词或动名词，不可接to do)

(教材原句P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.

你应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并懂得雨林动物是如何在那里共同生活的。

归纳拓展

have one's attention请某人注意

fix/focus one's attention on将注意力集中在……上

draw/attract one's attention (to)吸引某人的注意力(到……) (1)The TV was on but John wasn't ________ much __________ it. 电视开着，可是约翰没怎么注意看。

(2)May I ____________________________，please? ＝Attention，please! 请注意！

(3)She tried to ________ the waiter's ________．

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她设法吸引服务员的注意。 【特别提醒】

attention没有复数形式，可以用修饰不可数名词的数量词加以修饰，如much，little，no等。

pay attention to中的attention常被提前，充当主语或先行词，以增加句子结构的复杂性。

pay attention to中的to是介词而不是不定式符号。含有介词to的短语还有：stick to(坚持)，look forward to(盼望)，object to(反对)，get down to(开始做)等。 归纳拓展

I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜感激 appreciation n．鉴赏；感谢；理解；体谅

(4)________________ you would turn the music down. 如果你把音乐关小一些，我将不胜感激。

(5)His abilities were not ________ in his job. 他的才干在工作中得不到赏识。

(6)I appreciate your timely help. 我感谢你及时的帮助。

答案：(1)paying attention to (2)have your attention (3)attract/draw attention (4)I would appreciate it if

(5)appreciated 【特别提醒】

appreciate当与if或when从句连用时，其后必须有一个it来充当它的形式宾语。 appreciate不用于进行时。它表示“感谢”时，只能接“事”不能接“人”作宾语，与thank刚好相反，thank常构成thank sb for sth(因某事而感谢某人)结构。试比较：

?I greatly appreciate your help.我十分感谢你的帮助。?? ?Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮助。?

即学即练

(1)用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

①Our government pays more attention to __________(protect) the wildlife. ②The teacher suggested that much attention should ________ (pay) to the spelling mistakes.

③They express their ________(appreciate) and admiration. (2)单句改错。

①I would appreciate if you would open the window for me. _______________________________________________________ ②The design of the building attracted our attentions. _______________________________________________________ (3)用thank/appreciate填空。

①We really ________ everything you've done for our daughter. ②I haven't had a chance to ________ him yet. 答案：(1)①protecting ②be paid ③appreciation (2)①if前加it ②attentions改为attention (3)①appreciate ②thank

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7．succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任

(教材原句P27)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed? 如果野生动植物保护得以成功，必须做些什么？

归纳拓展

succeed in (doing) sth成功完成了某事 succeed v．继……之后；接着……发生 success n．成功

successful adj.成功的

successfully adv.圆满地；顺利地；成功地

(1)He will succeed his father as manager of the shop. 他将接替他的父亲担任商店经理。

(2)I tried to clean the watch，but only ________ it. 我想要把手表弄干净，结果却把它弄坏了。 (3)He met with ________ in his business. 他在事业上获得了成功。

(4)Did you have any success in persuading him? 你说服他了吗？

答案：(2)succeeded in breaking (3)success [语境串记]

The successful businessman succeeded in devoting his money to the poor school and successfully made a speech about his success.

这位成功的商人成功地把钱捐给了贫困学校并成功地做了关于他的成功的演讲。 【特别提醒】

succeed表示“成功”时，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态，也不能接to do sth，可以接in (doing) sth。

succeed表示“接替(某人)”时，是及物动词，其后不用介词after。但它若表示“继承(职位、头衔、财产等)”时，则是不及物动词，此时它常与介词to连用。

即学即练

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

(1)He ________ (succeed) in passing the entrance examination last week. (2)If you work hard you ________ (succeed)． (3)He aims to be a ________ (success) writer.

(4)We finished repairing the engine ________ (success)．

答案：(1)succeeded (2)will succeed (3)successful (4)successfully 8．harm vt. & n．损害；危害

(教材原句P27)What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals? 我们应该做些什么来处罚那些伤害动物的人呢？ (1)n.伤害，损害 常见搭配：

??mean no harm （to sb）（对……）无恶意? ?do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth对某人/某物有害?

①He may look fierce but he ______________________________. 他可能看上去凶狠，但并无恶意。

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