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ClClClOHClNaOHNO2ClClClONO2

Cl½â£ºClClNaOHOHClClClO-ClNO2

ClClClClOCl-NO2- Cl-ClClONO2

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(B)CH3CH2CH=CH2

CH3CH2CH2CH3CH3CH2HC=CC=C(2) (A) (B)HHHCH2CH3(B)CH3CH2CCH (3) (A)CH3CCCH3(1) (A)CH3CH2CH2CH3(4) (A)(B)

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(1)

ËÄ¡¢ÓÃ1H-NMRÆ×¼ø±ðÏÂÁл¯ºÏÎ

(1) (A) (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2 (B) (CH3CH2)2C=CH2

(2) (A) ClCH2OCH3 (B) ClCH2CH2OH (3) (A) BrCH2CH2Br (B) CH3CHBr2

(4) (A) CH3CCl2CH2Cl (B) CH3CHClCHCl2

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ÐòºÅ ·Ö×Óʽ¼°²¨Æ×Êý¾Ý ½á¹¹Ê½ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

C8H18 £¬¦Ä=0.9 C5H10 £¬¦Ä=1.5 C8H8 £¬¦Ä=5.8 C12H18 £¬¦Ä=2.2 C4H9Br £¬¦Ä=1.8 C2H4Cl2 £¬¦Ä=3.7 C2H3Cl3 £¬¦Ä=2.7 C5H8Cl4 £¬¦Ä=3.7

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P360 µÚ¾ÅÕ ´¼ºÍ·ÓϰÌâ(P360)

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(1) H2SO4£¬¼ÓÈÈ (2) HBr (3) Na (4) Cu£¬¼ÓÈÈ (5) K2Cr2O7+H2SO4 ½â£º(1) CH3CH=CHCH3 (2)

BrCH3CH2CHCH3O

(3)

ONaCH3CH2CHCH3

(4)

OCH3CH2CCH3 (5)

CH3CH2CCH3(¶þ) Íê³ÉÏÂÁз´Ó¦Ê½£º

ONa+ClCH2CHCH2OHOHOCH2CHCH2OHOH(1)

OH(2)

OClK2Cr2O7H2SO4ClO

OHOH(3)

OH+ ClCH2COClßÁà¤OCOCH2ClOHOHAlCl3CS2OHCOCH2Cl

Cl(4)

ClOH+ 2 Cl2ÒÒËáOHClClCl

Cl(Èý) Çø±ðÏÂÁл¯ºÏÎ

(1) ÒÒ´¼ºÍÕý¶¡´¼ (2) ÖÙ¶¡´¼ºÍÒì¶¡´¼ (3) 1,4-¶¡¶þ´¼ºÍ2,3-¶¡¶þ´¼ (4) ¶Ô¼×±½·ÓºÍ±½¼×´¼

ÒÒ´¼½â£º(1)

H2OÈܽâ

Õý¶¡´¼ ·Ö²ãÖÙ¶¡´¼(2)

HCl/ZnCl2·ÅÖÃÆ¬¿Ì³öÏÖ»ì×Ç

Òì¶¡´¼1,4-¶¡¶þ´¼2,3-¶¡¶þ´¼(1) HIO4(2) AgNO3ÊÒÎÂÏÂÎޱ仯£¬¼ÓÈȺó³öÏÖ»ì×Ç(3)

xAgIO3(°×É«³Áµí)

CH3(4)

OHCH2OHFeCl3ÏÔÉ«x(1) 5%NaHCO3(2) ·ÖÒº

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OH(1)

(2)

OH (3)

OH (4)

OH (5)

OH (6)

OH

CH3ËùÒÔ£¬¶ÔÏõ»ù±½·Ó( HOClOCH3NO2C2H5½â£ºÌâ¸øÁù¸ö»¯ºÏÎïµÄËáÐÔ´óС˳ÐòΪ£º(5) £¾ (3) £¾ (1) £¾ (2) £¾ (6) £¾ (4) £»

NO2 )¾ßÓÐ×îСµÄpKaÖµ¡£

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(1) (R)-2-¼º´¼Å¨HXSN2

CH3HCOH½â£º

CH3(CH2)3(R)-2-¼º´¼Å¨HXSN2CH3CXH (CH2)3CH3(S)-2-±¼ºÍéŨHX(2) (R)-3-¼×»ù-3-¼º´¼

C2H5H3CCOH½â£ºCH3(CH2)2(R)-3-¼×»ù-3-¼º´¼Å¨HXC2H5H3CCCH3(CH2)2+XXC2H5CCH3(CH2)2CH3

(R)-3-¼×»ù-3-±´ú¼ºÍé(S)-3-¼×»ù-3-±´ú¼ºÍéÍâÏûÐýÌå(Æß) ½«3-Î촼ת±äΪ3-äåÎìÍé(ÓÃÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨£¬Í¬Ê±ÎÞ»òÓкÜÉÙÓÐ2-äåÎìÍé)¡£

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CH3CH2CHCH2CH3OHPBr3CH3CH2CHCH2CH3Br

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CH3CH2CHCH2CH3OHTsClßÁà¤CH3CH2CHCH2CH3OTsKBrCH3CH2CHCH2CH3Br

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OHOH(1) Ö»µÃÒ»¸ö»¯ºÏÎïCH3COCH2CH3£» CH3CH2CCCH2CH3

CH3CH3(2) µÃÁ½¸öÈ©CH3CHOºÍCH3CH2CHO£»

OHCH3CHOHCHCH2CH3

OH(3) µÃÒ»¸öÈ©HCHOºÍÒ»¸öͪCH3COCH3£» HOCH2CCH3 CH3OHCH3 or

(4) Ö»µÃÒ»¸öº¬Á½¸öôÊ»ùµÄ»¯ºÏÎï(ÈξÙÒ»Àý)

OHOHOH CH3(¾Å) Ó÷´Ó¦»úÀí½âÊÍÒÔÏ·´Ó¦

Cl(1) CH3CH2CHCH2CH2OHHClZnCl2CH3CH2CCH3CH2CH3+CH3CH2C=CHCH3

CH3CH3½â£ºCH3CH2CHCH2CH2OHH+CH3CH2CHCH2CH2OH2CH3-H2OHCH3CH2CCH2CH2

CH3CH3Cl-ÇâÇ¨ÒÆClCH3CH2CCH2CH3

CH3CH2CCH2CH3CH3-H+CH3CH3CH3CH2C=CHCH3(2)

(CH3)2CIC(CH3)2OHAg+CH3CH3CCCH3 CH3O½â£º(CH3)2CC(CH3)2OHAg+CH3(CH3)2CCH3COHCH3¼×»ùÇ¨ÒÆ ICH3 (CH3)2CCCH3OH-H+CH3CCCH3

CH3OÈܽâÔÚH2SO4ÖÐ(3)

CH2=CHCHCH=CHCH3OH

CH2CH=CHCH=CHCH3+CH2=CHCH=CHCHCH3OH½â

H+- H2OOH

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CH2=CHCHCH=CHCH3OHCH2=CHCHCH=CHCH3OH2CH2=CHCHCH=CHCH3

CH2=CHCHCH=CHCH3CH2CH=CHCH=CHCH3 H2O- H+CH2=CHCH=CHCHCH3 H2O- H+

CH2CH=CHCH=CHCH3OHCH2=CHCH=CHCHCH3OH