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2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I Listening Comprehension 全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 (二)
Section II Use of English
Directions: (10 points)
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 大21家. As was discussed before, it was not 大22家 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 大23家, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 大24家 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 大25家 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 大26家 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 大27家 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 大28家. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, 大29家, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 大30家 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 大31家 its impact on the media was not immediately 大32家. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as 大33家, with display becoming sharper and storage 大34家 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 大35家 generations, with the distance between generations much 大36家.
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It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the 大37家 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 大38家 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 大39家 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed 大40家 “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
21. [A] between [B] before [C] since [D] later
22. [A] after [B] by [C] during [D] until
23. [A] means [B] method [C] medium [D] measure
24. [A] process [B] company [C] light [D] form
25. [A] gathered [B] speeded [C] worked [D] picked
26. [A] on [B] out [C] over [D] off
27. [A] of [B] for [C] beyond [D] into
28. [A] concept [B] dimension [C] effect [D] perspective
29. [A] indeed [B] hence [C] however [D] therefore
30. [A] brought [B] followed [C] stimulated [D] characterized
31. [A] unless [B] since [C] lest [D] although
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32. [A] apparent [B] desirable [C] negative [D] plausible
33. [A] institutional [B] universal [C] fundamental [D] instrumental
34. [A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity [D] faculty
35. [A] by means of [B] in terms of [C] with regard to [D] in line with
36. [A] deeper [B] fewer [C] nearer [D] smaller
37. [A] context [B] range [C] scope [D] territory
38. [A] regarded [B] impressed [C] influenced [D] effected
39. [A] competitive [B] controversial [C] distracting [D] irrational
40. [A] above [B] upon [C] against [D] with
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience
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and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”
If you are part of the group, which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to
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