CONTENTS
Abstract ...................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ...................................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1 Preface ...................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 The development process and status of UPS ....................................... 1 1.1.2 The future trends of UPS ...................................................................... 2 1.2 A brief introduction of UPS’sfeatures ............................................................ 2 1.3 The classification and structure of UPS ......................................................... 3
1.3.1 The work process of on-line UPS ........................................................ 4 1.3.2 The work process of reserve type ......................................................... 5 1.4 Chapter summary ........................................................................................... 6 Chapter 2 Digital Control teshnology ...................................................................... 7
2.1 Digital Control and analog Control teshnology ............................................. 7 2.2 Digital Signal Processor(DSP) .................................................................. 8 2.3 Chapter summary ......................................................................................... 10 Chapter 3 System design scheme ........................................................................... 11
3.1 The requirements of technical performance ................................................. 11 3.2 System main primary device choice ............................................................ 12
3.2.1 In leveling circuit diode's choice ........................................................ 12 3.2.2 In contravariant electric circuit IGBT choice ..................................... 12 3.3 Chapter summary ......................................................................................... 13 Chapter 4 System hardware electric circuit's design ........................................... 14
4.1 Centrifugal power to match circuits ............................................................. 14
4.1.1 The power factor adjusts synopsis ..................................................... 14 4.1.2 Power factor adjustment method ........................................................ 15 4.1.3 The power factor adjusts main circuit analysis .................................. 18 4.1.4 Use UC3854 control active power factor compensating circuit ........ 18 4.2 Become a usurper ......................................................................................... 22
4.2.1 Against the same circuit ..................................................................... 22 4.2.2 Sine wave pulse-duration modulation technology(SPWM) ......... 23
4.2.3 DSP in invertor's application .............................................................. 25 4.3 DC/DC Transducers ..................................................................................... 26
4.3.1 The main circuit of DC/DC ................................................................ 26 4.3.2 Uses DSP to realize DC/DC ............................................................... 27 4.4 Charging circuit ............................................................................................ 29 4.5 Drive circuit ................................................................................................. 30
4.5.1 Based on M57962L IGBT actuation and protection circuit design .... 30 4.5.2 Based on EXB841 IGBT actuation and protection circuit design ..... 31 4.6 The keyboard, show circuit .......................................................................... 33 4.6 The keyboard, show circuit .......................................................................... 34 4.8 Serial interface circuit .................................................................................. 34
4.8.1 SCI profile .......................................................................................... 34 4.8.2 Serial interface circuit ........................................................................ 35 4.9 Inspection and the protection circuit ............................................................ 35
4.9.1 Enter a stream of the inspection ......................................................... 35 4.9.2 Input overpressure protection circuit ................................................. 36 4.9.3 4.9.3 Output over the protection circuit ............................................. 37 4.9.4 Overpressure protection circuit output ............................................... 38 4.9.5 Battery the protection circuit .............................................................. 39 4.10 Auxiliary power .......................................................................................... 41 4.11 Chapter summary ....................................................................................... 43 Chapter 5 System simulation ................................................................................. 44
5.1 Based on Matlab/Simulink BOOST circuit simulation ................................ 44
5.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 44 5.1.2 Circuit of the state .............................................................................. 45 5.1.3 Matlab simulation analysis ................................................................. 46
Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 49 Thanks ...................................................................................................................... 50 References ................................................................................................................ 51 Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................... 53
第1章 绪论
1.1 引言
1.1.1 UPS的发展过程与现状
电网中经常发生电涌,高压尖脉冲,暂态过电压,电压下陷,电线噪声,频率偏移,持续低电压,市电中断等现象。这些都会对计算机等关键设备的正常工作和安全造成了危害。怎样有效地为计算机等关键设备提供高质量的电源供应,并对各种电网危害进行有效屏蔽一直都是电源设计者关注的问题。UPS的英文全称是Uninterruptible Power Supply,即不问断电源系统,它是一种介于交流电网和关键负载之间的电力电子装置。它是一种能为负载提供连续电能的供电系统,其基本功能是当供电电源(市电)失电时保证对负载不问断地供电、确保关键负载连续正常运行。它是应计算机技术、信息技术以及相关产业飞速发展的需要而产生的。随着电子技术的飞速发展、电力技术的绿色革命化、各种各样用电设备的增多以及IT业的发展,UPS技术得到了迅速发展,UPS的应用领域也迅速扩大。在银行、证券、医疗、军事、航空航天等领域,UPS已经成了标准配置。
目前,在国内市场上,美、日、德、法等国厂家(公司)由于进入中国较早, 技术先进,一直主导着高档市场,而国内一些中外合资企业和生产历史较长的厂家也因注重高档产品的开发和生产,在中高档市场占有一席之地。我国民族产业的UPS生产厂商约有200多家,但大多生产小功率,中低档的UPS,主导着低档市场。随着UPS市场的扩大,世界自由贸易的发展,中高档UPS性价比的提高,低档市场的空间会越来越有限,我国自主生产的UPS面对的市场竞争会越来越激烈。为了缩小与外资企业的技术差距,提高我国自主生产的UPS产品的市场竞争力,加强对UPS技术的研究和开发就显得尤为重要了。
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1.1.2 UPS的未来发展趋势
UPS行业的规模和市场在变得越来越大的同时,市场对UPS各项功能的技术指标也提出了越来越高的要求。UPS功能也逐渐从最初的单纯提供后备时间发展一章绪论到提供后备时间、改善供电质量及改善电网质量等多重功能。未来UPS的发展趋势是智能化、高频化和绿色化。
智能化网络化设计是伴随着网络技术和信息产业的发展逐步提出的,它要求UPS具有自我维护、实时监测、远程控制及信息网络化功能,是UPS技术发展的大方向。
当采用IGBT控制逆变器,利用PWM脉冲信号对IGBT进行驱动时,载波的频率决定了逆变波形的质量,高频的PWM脉冲会产生更好的输出波形。高频化是应市场需求、UPS技术发展的需要,并伴随着可控器件技术的发展和数字化技术的进步而逐步实现着的,高频化是一个长期变动的过程。UPS所采用的可控器件由可控硅到功率晶体管再到场控器件(MOSFET和IGBT)每一次发展都将开关速度提高了一个数量级。变换电路频率的提高,使用于滤波的电感、电容大大减少,UPS效率、噪声、体积、动态响应特性和精度等也都大大提高。
UPS的绿色化是在无污染绿色电源装置的呼声下提出的。由于各种用电设备及电源装置产生的谐波电流及滞后电流严重污染着电网,因此国家出台了各种政策限制电源对电网的危害,UPS的绿色化势在必行。同时,绿色UPS的厂商也会因此而获益。UPS除加装高效输入滤波器以外,一般还在电网输入端采用功率因数校正技术,这样既可消除由于本身的整流滤波电路产生的谐波电流,又可以补偿功率因数,使UPS的输入功率因数达到0.98以上。
1.2 UPS电源性能特点简单介绍
1 提高供电品质
通过输入输出双重隔离以及双变换工作模式,使其输出成为稳压稳频的标准正弦波波形。不受其输入电源变化的影响。 2 市电掉电保护
若输入电源断电,UPS由电力系统自备的直流屏供电(DC110/220V),负载供电无中断。
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