变压器绝缘在线故障诊断

系统的设计

学 生： 导 师： 申 请 学 位： 学 科 、 专 业： 所 在 单 位： 答 辩 日 期： 授予学位单位：

摘要

变压器是电力系统的重要元件之一，其运行可靠性直接关系到电力系统的安全和稳定。变压器油中溶解气体能够反映变压器内部绝缘老化情况和内部故障情况。油浸式电力设备油中溶解气体分析(DGA)故障诊断技术的研究，对发现变压器内部早期存在的潜伏性故障，提高电力系统的安全稳定运行具有十分重要的意义。本文在针对变压器油中溶解气体的在线监测及诊断技术进行深入研究的基础上，充分论述了油中溶解气体浓度与变压器电气故障的对应关系，提出了以油中溶解气体为特征量的在线监测系统的原理和实施方案，设计出一个变压器油中溶解气体在线监测的系统，该系统在线监测变压器的故障特征信息，在这些信息的基础上利用诊断算法对变压器的故障进行诊断。在线监测系统的现场检测实际数据表明论文设计的油中溶解气体为特征量的在线监测系统对于变压器绝缘故障监测诊断的连续性和有效性，能够综合反映变压器的绝缘状况，并且可以在变压器故障时增加采样密度，有效地避免了人为因素对测量结果的影响，准确识别故障类型，而且系统运行稳定、准确度高，维护量小。

高压电气设备在日常生活中对人们来说是一个相对危险的设备，因而，做好高压电气设备的绝缘在线故障诊断工作相当重要，只有把绝缘的工作做好，才能保证高压电气设备在应用中的安全性。下面的文章中，我们就来讨论一下高压电气设备中应该怎样做好绝缘在线故障设计，以及对高压电气设备中绝缘线的安装方法进行阐述，同时可以看出绝缘在线故障设计对高压电气设备的必要性。 关键字：高压电气设备 绝缘在线系统 设计

ABSTRACT

Power transformer, one of the most important devices, directly relates to the security and stability of power system. The study of fault diagnosis technology based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is very important to maintain the reliable running of electric power system, efficient method to detect the incipient fault in transformer. The gas solved in oil may inflect the inner insulation aging status and defects in transformer. On the base of deep research of gas solved in oil on-line monitoring and diagnosing technique, this paper states the relations between density of gas

1

solved in oil and electrical defects of transformer, presents the principle and solution of on-line monitoring system with features of gas solved in oil. Design of a gas solved in oil on-line monitoring system. Practical data has showed that on line monitoring system with features of gas solved in oil is continuous and efficient, it can inflect insulation status, increase sampling density while faults occurring, decrease the effects of manual operation on measurement results, recognize types of defect with high stability. Accuracy and little maintenance work.

High voltage electrical equipment in the daily life for people is a relatively dangerous equipment, therefore, to do a good job of high voltage electrical equipment insulation on-line fault diagnosis is important, only to do a good job of the insulation, high voltage electrical equipment in the application of safety can be assured.The following article, we discuss about the high voltage electrical equipment should how well insulated on-line fault in design, and installation of high voltage electrical equipment in the insulation line method is expounded, at the same time it can be seen that the insulation design of on-line fault on the necessity of high voltage electrical equipment.

Keyword：Transformer；Faults diagnose；Gas solved in oil；On-line monitoring

2

目 录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. 1 目 录 ................................................................................................................................................ 3 第一章 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1. 引言........................................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 变压器绝缘系统的重要性 ........................................................................................... 4 1.2 绝缘在线监测系统的研究及应用现状 ....................................................................... 5 2. 本研究主要方向 ....................................................................................................................... 0

2.1. 研究目的与意义 ....................................................................................................... 0 2.2. 课题研究的内容 ....................................................................................................... 1 2.3. 研究解决的问题 ....................................................................................................... 1 2.4. 研究的未来前景 ....................................................................................................... 1 第二章 在线监测系统设计 ............................................................................................................. 0 1. 系统设计方案概述 ................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 系统总体设计要求 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 系统方案框图设计 ....................................................................................................... 2 2. 系统的硬件设计 ....................................................................................................................... 3

2.1. 系统电源电路设计 ................................................................................................... 3 2.2. 单片机及晶振、实时时钟电路设计 ....................................................................... 4 2.3. 串行通讯及存储电路设计 ....................................................................................... 7 2.4. 信号采集电路设计 ................................................................................................... 9 2.5. 液晶显示驱动和报警电路 ..................................................................................... 12 3. 系统软件设计 ......................................................................................................................... 13

3.1. 软件系统总体结构与流程 ..................................................................................... 14 3.2. 硬件监测软件模块设计 ......................................................................................... 15

4.2.4 日历时钟模块 ..................................................................................................... 18 3.3. 在线监测系统特点及组成 ..................................................................................... 20 3.4. 在线监测系统组成 ................................................................................................. 21 第三章 在线故障诊断研究 ............................................................................................................. 0 1. 绝缘线的监控和绝缘安装实施的必要性 ............................................................................... 0

1.1 原有绝缘系统的特点 ................................................................................................... 0 1.2 在线故障诊断系统的特点 ........................................................................................... 0 2. 绝缘安装的检修问题 ............................................................................................................... 5

2.1. 绝缘离线故障诊断的不足 ....................................................................................... 5 2.2. 新型绝缘技术的优点 ............................................................................................... 5 3. 绝缘安装在高压电气设备中的实施方法 ............................................................................... 6

3.1. 绝缘在线故障诊断系统在安装中遇到的问题 ....................................................... 6 3.2. 绝缘安装系统的主要功能 ....................................................................................... 6 小结 .................................................................................................................................................. 7 参考文献：....................................................................................................................................... 7

3