»¯¹¤ÈÈÁ¦Ñ§´ð°¸ ÏÂÔØ±¾ÎÄ

½âÖ®£º nA =0.0348 mol

´ËʱµÄת»¯ÂÊΪ£ºxA= nA /nA0=0.0348/0.4=0.087 ÓÖÒòΪµÈѹ±äÈÝÌõ¼þÏÂ

rA=1?CA0?AdxA?1?xA?2?kCA0?? , »ý·ÖµÃ dtAxA??1?2?(1?A)xA?

1?xA ¶ø

CA0??Aln(1?xA)?ktCA0 £¨A£©

?P0.4A0??7.248¡Á10-3mol/L RT0.082(273?400)ËùÒÔ£º

(1?0.4)¡Á0.087-3

?0.4ln(1?0.087)?2¡Á7.248¡Á10t

1?0.087½âÖ® t=6.453min

×¢£º¿ÉÀûÓøÃÌâµÄ¹ý³ÌÀ´È·¶¨ÆøÏà±äĦ¶ûÊýµÄ·´Ó¦¶¯Á¦Ñ§³£Êý£¬¼ÙÉè¸Ã·´Ó¦Îª¶þ¼¶£¬²â¶¨²»Í¬Ê±¼ätϵÄת»¯ÂÊxA£¬¹«Ê½(A) µÄ×ó¶ËÓëtÓ¦³ÉÖ±Ïß¹ØÏµ£¬ÆäбÂÊΪ

kCA0,ÔÚÒÑÖª

CA0ʱ£¬¿ÉÈ·¶¨k.ÈôΪ·ÇÖ±Ïß¹ØÏµ£¬¶þ¼¶¼ÙÉè²»ÕýÈ·¡£¸ÃÆøÏà·´Ó¦Ò²¿É

ÔÚʵÑéÊÒÔÚºãÈݱäѹÌõ¼þϽøÐвⶨÆä¶¯Á¦Ñ§²ÎÊý£¬ÓÉPA=CART,ÓÃAµÄ·Öѹ»òŨ¶ÈÓëʱ¼ä¹ØÏµÇó¡£

5. [µÈεÈÈÝÒ»¼¶¿ÉÄæ¹ý³Ì]

¿ÉÄæÒ»¼¶ÒºÏà·´Ó¦A¡û¡úP,ÒÑÖªCA0=0.5mol/L£¬Cp0=0£¬µ±´Ë·´Ó¦ÔÚ¼äЪ·´Ó¦Æ÷ÖнøÐÐʱ£¬¾­¹ý8minºó£¬Aת»¯ÁË33.3%£¬¶øÆ½ºâת»¯ÂÊΪ66.7%¡£Çó´Ë·´Ó¦µÄ¶¯Á¦Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¡£

dCA?k1CA?k2CP?k1CA?k2(CA0?CA) ½â£º rA=?dt ³õʼÌõ¼þ£ºt=0 ,CA?CA0, Cp0?0£¬

CA0?CAexAe?ln »ý·ÖµÃ£º(k1?k2)t?ln

CA?CAexAe?xACAek2? ͉˕ CA0k1?k2

10.667?0.08645/min £¨A£© ËùÒÔ k1?k2?ln80.667?0.333 5

xAek1CA0?CAe0.667???2 £¨B£© ƽºâ³£ÊýK=?k2CAe1?xAe1?0.667ÁªÁ¢½â£¨A£©£¨B£©µÃ k1=0.05764min-1 , k2=0.02881min-1 ËùÒÔ£¬´Ë¶¯Á¦Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º

rA=0.05764CA-0.02881CP=0.05764CA-0.02881(CAO-CA)=0.08645CA-0.01445 (mol/min.L)

×¢£ºÈôΪһ¼¶²»¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦£¬k2=0£¬rA= k1CA , CAe=0 , »ý·Öʽ¿É¼ò»¯Îª k1t?lnCA01?ln ,Ö»Òª¸ø¶¨Ò»µãCA1?xA£¨t£¬xA£©Öµ£¬¾Í¿ÉÈ·¶¨ËÙÂʳ£Êýk1£¬µ±È»²â¶¨µãÔ½¶à£¬ÇóµÃµÄk1Öµ ¾ÍԽ׼ȷ¡£ 6.[µÈÈݱäÎÂÈ·¶¨»î»¯Äܹý³Ì]

ij¹¤³§ÔÚ¼äЪ·´Ó¦Æ÷ÖнøÐÐÒºÏà·´Ó¦µÄÁ½´ÎʵÑ飬³õʼŨ¶ÈÏàͬ£¬´ïµ½µÄת»¯ÂÊÏàͬ¡£µÚÒ»´Î20¡æ£¬8Ì죻µÚ¶þ´Î120¡æ£¬10min£¬Çó»î»¯ÄÜE

dC½â£ºrA= ?dtAnkC=A

»ý·Ö

?CACA0?nCAdCA=??kdt

0t1?n1?n(C1?C)=kt=k0eRTtÓÐ A0A1?n?E

¶ÔÌØ¶¨µÄ·´Ó¦¼°³õʼŨ¶ÈºÍת»¯ÂÊ£¬×ó¶ËΪһ³£Êý£¬ ´úÈëT1=273+20=293K , T2=273+120=393K t1=8¡Á24¡Á60min £¬t2=10min

ËùÒÔ£º8¡Á24¡Á60k0e?E293R=10k0

e?E393R

½â³ö E=[8.134ln(48¡Á24)]/(1/293-1/393)=67486J/mol

×¢£º¶ÔÓÚ¾ßÌåµÄ·´Ó¦ºÍ¼¶ÊýÒ²¿ÉÓø÷½·¨£¬ÖÁÉÙÓÃ2¸öÒÔÉϵÄʵÑéµãÀ´²â¶¨ËüµÄ»î»¯ÄÜ¡£

7¡¢ ¡¾Î¶ȶԷ´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÓ°Ïì¡¿

ij·´Ó¦µÄ»î»¯ÄÜΪ7000J/mol£¬ÔÚÆäËüÌõ¼þ²»±äʱ£¬ÎÊ650¡æµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙ¶ÈÒª±È500¡æÊ±¿ì¶àÉÙ£¿ ½â£ºk=k0e-E/RT £¬E=7000J/mol£¬R=8.314Jmol-1K-1

6

k1/k2 = -E/k(1/T1 ¨C 1/T2) = -7000/8.314(1/273+650 ¨C 1/273+500)=1.19 ¡à-r650/-r500 = k1/k2 = 1.19 8¡¢ [µÈεÈѹ±äÈÝÒ»¼¶¹ý³Ì]

ÆøÏàÒ»¼¶·Ö½â·´Ó¦ A ¡ú 3P £¬ÔÚµÈλîÈûÁ÷¹Üʽ·´Ó¦Æ÷ÖнøÐУ¬¼ÓÈëÔ­ÁϺ¬A50£¥£¬¶èÐÔÎï50£¥£¬Í£Áôʱ¼äΪ10·ÖÖÓ£¬ÏµÍ³³ö¿ÚµÄÌå»ýÁ÷Á¿ÎªÔ­À´µÄ1.5±¶£¬Çó´ËʱAµÄת»¯Âʼ°¸Ã·´Ó¦ËÙ¶È·½³Ì¡£

½â£ºA 3P ¶èÐÔÎï

1 0 1 ¦Å0 3 1 ¡ß V = V0(1+¦Å¡à xAf = 1/¦Å

A =£¨3+1£©-£¨1+1£©/1+1 = 1

¦Ó= 10min

AxAf)

A (V/V0-1) = 1/1(1.5-1)=50%

AxAf)xAf /(1-xAf) = (1+0.5)*0.5/(1-0.5) = 1.5*0.5/0.5 = 1.5

¶ø k¦Ó= (1+¦Å

¡à k = 0.15min-1

¡à -rA = 0.15CA(mol/l*min)s

9¡¢ A reaction with stoichiometric equation 1/2A + B ¡ú R + 1/2S, has following rate expression -rA = q CA0.5CB

what is the rate expression for this reaction if the stoichiometric equation is written as A + 2B = 2R + S?

Answer : -rA = q CA0.5CB

10¡¢ For the enzyme-substrate reaction of example

7

A + E ???1 X X ??3? R + E

The rate of disappearance of substrate is given by -rA = 1760[A][E0]/(6+CA) mol/m3s what are the units of the two constants? Answer :1760m3/mol*s 6mol/m3

¡¢ For a gas reaction at 400K the rate is reported as ¨CdPA/dt = 3.66PA2 atm/hr a) what are the units of the rate constants ?

b) what is the value of the rate constants for this reaction is the rate equation is expressed as -r1dNvAA = -dt = kCA2 mol/m3s

answer : -d(CART)dT = 3.66 CA2(RT)2

= (3.66RT) *CA2 (mol/m3*s) ¡àk = 3.66RT

= 3.66*400*0.082* atm*l*k-1atm-1hr-1mol-1 = 3.66*400*0.082*10-3 m-3/3600(s*,mol) =3.66*0.4*0.082/3600(m3/mol*s) = 3.33 m3/mol*s

¡¢ If ¨CrA = -dCA/dt = 0.2mol/l*s when CA = 1mol/l what is the rate of the reaction when CA = 10

mol/l?

Answer : ²»È·¶¨£¬¼¶Êýδ֪¡£

¡¢ After 8 minutes in a batch reactor ,reactant (CA0 = 1mol/l) is 80% converted ,after 18

8

111213