ÉúÎﻯѧÁ·Ï°Ìâ ÏÂÔر¾ÎÄ

ÁС£¡¿

£¹£®·Ö×Ó°éÂÂ(molecular chaperone)

¡¾Ï¸°ûÄÚµÄÒ»Àà´Ù½øµ°°×ÖÊÕÛµþÐγÉÌìÈ»¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÏóµÄµ°°×ÖÊ¡£¡¿ 10£®¸¨»ù(prosthetic group)

¡¾½áºÏµ°°×ÖÊÖÐÓëµ°°×ÖʽáºÏ½ôÃܵķǵ°°×Öʲ¿·Ö¡£¡¿

Áù¡¢ÎÊ´ðÌâ

£±£®ÊÔ¾ÙÀý˵Ã÷ʲôÊÇ·Ö×Ó²¡¡££¨3·Ö£©

¡¾ÓÉÓÚ»ùÒòÍ»±ä£¬µ°°×ÖʵĽṹ¡¢¹¦ÄÜ·¢Éú¸Ä±äµ¼Öµļ²²¡¡£¡¿

£²£®µ°°×Öʺ¬µªÁ¿Æ½¾ùΪ¶àÉÙ?ΪºÎÄÜÓõ°°×Öʵ嬵ªÁ¿±íʾµ°°×ÖʵÄÏà¶Ôº¬Á¿?ÈçºÎ¼ÆËã?£¨4·Ö£©

¡¾16%¡£¸÷ÖÖÀ´Ô´µÄµ°°×Öʺ¬µªÁ¿»ù±¾ºã¶¨¡£

ÿ¿ÉÑùÆ·º¬µª¿ËÊý¨w6.25¨w100=100¿ËÑùÆ·µ°°×Öʺ¬Á¿£¨g%£©¡¿ £³£®×ÔÈ»½çÖÐ×é³Éµ°°×Öʵݱ»ùËáÓжàÉÙÖÖ?ÈçºÎ½øÐзÖÀà?£¨5·Ö£©

¡¾20ÖÖ¡£¸ù¾Ý²àÁ´µÄ½á¹¹ºÍÐÔÖÊ·ÖΪ4Àࣺ

¢Ù¼«ÐÔ¡¢ÖÐÐÔ°±»ùË᣻¢ÚËáÐÔ°±»ùËá ¢Û¼îÐÔ°±»ùËá ¢Ü·Ç¼«ÐÔ¡¢ÊèË®ÐÔ°±»ùËá¡£¡¿ £´£®ºÎνµ°°×ÖʵÄÒ»¼¶½á¹¹?¼òÊöµ°°×ÖʵÄÒ»¼¶½á¹¹²â¶¨·½·¨¡££¨6·Ö£©

¡¾Ö¸µ°°×ÖʶàëÄÁ´Öа±»ùËáµÄÅÅÁÐ˳Ðò¡£

Ò»¼¶½á¹¹²â¶¨·½·¨£º¢ÙË®½â´¿»¯µ°°×ÖÊ£¬²â¶¨¸÷ÖÖ°±»ùËáµÄ°Ù·Öº¬Á¿£»¢Ú²â¶¨¶àëÄÁ´N¶ËÓëC¶ËµÄ°±»ùË᣻¢Û¶àëÄÁ´Ë®½âΪëĶΣ¬·ÖÀë´¿»¯¸÷ëĶΣ¬ÓÃEdman½µ½â·¨µÈ²â¶¨¸÷ëĶΰ±»ùËáµÄÅÅÁÐ˳Ðò£»¢Ü¾­×éºÏÅÅÁжԱȵóöÍêÕûëÄÁ´°±»ùËáµÄÅÅÁÐ˳Ðò¡£¡¿

£µ£®µ°°×ÖʵĶþ¼¶½á¹¹?µ°°×ÖʵĶþ¼¶½á¹¹Ö÷ÒªÓÐÄÄЩÐÎʽ?¸÷ÓкνṹÌØÕ÷?£¨6·Ö£©

¡¾µ°°×ÖÊ·Ö×ÓÖÐij¶ÎëÄÁ´¾Ö²¿Ö÷Á´Ô­×ӵĿռäÅŲ¼¡£

Ö÷ÒªÐÎʽºÍÌØÕ÷ÓУº¦Á-ÂÝÐý£º¶àëÄÁ´ÅÌÈÆÐγÉÓÒÊÖÂÝÐý£¬Ã¿È¦º¬3.6°±»ùËá²Ð»ù£¬Âݾà0.54nm,ÏàÁÚÁ½È¦ÂÝÐý¼äÐγÉÇâ¼üÇÒÓëÂÝÐý³¤ÖáƽÐС£¦Â-ÕÛµþ£º¶àëÄÁ´Ïà¶ÔÉìÕ¹£¬ëĵ¥ÔªÕÛµþ³É¾â³Ý×´£¬Á½ÌõÒÔÉÏëÄÁ´Ë³Ïò»ò·´ÏòƽÐÐÅÅÁУ¬Í¨¹ýÇâ¼üÁªÏµ³ÉƬ²ã½á¹¹¡£¦Â-ת½Ç£º·¢ÉúÔÚ¶àëÄÁ´½øÐÐ180¶ÈתÕÛ´¦£¬ÓÉ4¸ö°±»ùËá¹¹³É£¬Çâ¼üάϵ¡£ÎÞ¹æ¾íÇú£»ÎÞÈ·¶¨¹æÂɵÄëĶΡ£¡¿

£¶£®ºÎνµ°°×ÖʵÄÈý¼¶»ú¹¹?άϵµ°°×ÖÊÈý¼¶½á¹¹µÄ»¯Ñ§¼üÓÐÄÄЩ?£¨4·Ö£©

¡¾¶àëÄÁ´ÖÐËùÓÐÔ­×ӵĿռäÅŲ¿¡£Í¨¹ýÊèË®×÷Óá¢Ñμü¡¢Çâ¼ü¡¢Van der WaalsÁ¦Î¬Ïµ¡£¡¿ £·£®ºÎνµ°°×ÖʵÄËļ¶½á¹¹?¾ÙÀý˵Ã÷¡££¨4·Ö£©

¡¾¹Ñ¾Ûµ°°×£¨ÓÉ2¸ö»ò2¸öÒÔÉ϶ÀÁ¢¾ßÓÐÈý¼¶½á¹¹¶àëÄÁ´×é³ÉµÄµ°°×ÖÊ£©ÖÐÑÇ»ùµÄ¿Õ¼äÅŲ¼ºÍÏ໥×÷Óá£ÑÇ»ù¼äÎÞ¹²¼Û¼üÁªÏµ¡£Ñªºìµ°°×ÓÉ2¦ÁÑÇ»ùºÍ2¦ÂÑÇ»ù¹¹³É£¬ËĸöÑÇ»ùͨ¹ý8¸öÑμüÏàÁ¬£¬ÑÇ»ùµ¥¶À´æÔÚËä¿É½áºÏÑõ£¬µ«

ÄÑÒÔÊÍ·ÅÑõ¡£¡¿

µÚ¶þÕ ºËËáµÄ½á¹¹Ó빦ÄÜ

Ò»¡¢AÐÍÌ⣨ÿСÌâ1·Ö£©

1£®¶àºËÜÕËáÖ®¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó·½Ê½ÊÇ£¨B£©

A£® 2?£¬3? Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü B£®3?£¬5? Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü C£®2?£¬5? Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü D£®ÌÇÜÕ¼ü E£®Çâ¼ü 2£®DNAµÄ×é³Éµ¥Î»ÊÇ£¨E£©

A£®ATP¡¢CTP¡¢GTP¡¢TTP B£®ATP¡¢CTP¡¢GTP¡¢UTP C£®dATP¡¢dCTP¡¢dGTP¡¢dTIT D£®dATP¡¢dCTP¡¢dGTP¡¢dUTP E£®dAMP¡¢dCMP¡¢dGMP¡¢dTMP

3£®¹ØÓÚDNAË«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹Ä£Ð͵ÄÃèÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨E£© A£®ÏÙàÑßʵĿ˷Ö×ÓÊýµÈÓÚ°ûà×वĿ˷Ö×ÓÊý B£®Í¬ÖÖÉúÎïÌ岻ͬ×éÖ¯µÄDNA¼î»ù×é³É²»Í¬ C£®¼î»ù¶ÔλÓÚDNAË«ÂÝÐýµÄÍâ²à

D£®Á½¹É¶àºËÜÕËáÁ´Í¨¹ýAÓëT»òCÓëGÖ®¼äµÄÌÇÜÕ¼üÁ¬½Ó E£®Î¬³ÖË«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹Îȶ¨µÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØÊÇÇâ¼üºÍ¼î»ù¶Ñ»ýÁ¦ 4£®DNAºÍRNA¹²ÓеijɷÖÊÇ£¨C£©

A£®D-ºËÌÇ B£®D-2-ÍÑÑõºËÌÇ C£®ÄñàÑßÊ D£®Äòà×ठE£®ÐØÏÙà×ठ5£®DNAºÍRNA³¹µ×Ë®½âºóµÄ²úÎA£©

A£®ÎìÌÇÏàͬ£¬²¿·Ö¼î»ù²»Í¬ B£®¼î»ùÏàͬ£¬ÎìÌDz»Í¬ C£®ÎìÌÇÏàͬ£¬¼î»ù²»Í¬ D£®²¿·Ö¼î»ù²»Í¬£¬ÎìÌDz»Í¬

E£®¼î»ùÏàͬ£¬²¿·ÖÎìÌDz»Í¬

6£®ºËËá¾ßÓÐ×ÏÍâÎüÊÕÄÜÁ¦µÄÔ­ÒòÊÇ£¨A£©

A£®àÑßʺÍà×ऻ·ÖÐÓй²éîË«¼ü B£®àÑÒ÷ºÍà×à¤ÖÐÓÐͪ»ù C£®àÑßʺÍà×à¤ÖÐÓа±»ù D£®àÑßʺÍà×à¤Á¬½ÓÁ˺ËÌÇ E£®àÑßʺÍà×à¤Á¬½ÓÁËÁ×Ëá»ùÍÅ

7£®´Ó5? µ½3? ·½Ïò¿´£¬ÓëmRNAÖеÄACGÃÜÂëÏà¶ÔÓ¦µÄtRNA·´ÃÜÂë×ÓÊÇ£¨D£© A£®UGC B£®TGC C£®GCA D£®CGU E£®TCC 8£®Í¨³£¼È²»¼ûÓÚDNAÓÖ²»¼ûÓÚRNAµÄ¼î»ùÊÇ £¨B£©

A£®ÏÙàÑßÊ B£®»ÆàÑßÊ C£®ÄñàÑßÊ D£®ÐØÏÙà×ठE£®Äòà×ठ9£®×ÔÈ»½çÓÎÀëºËÜÕËáÖеÄÁ×Ëá×λÓÚ£¨C£©

A£®ÎìÌǵÄC-2? ÉÏ B£®ÎìÌǵÄC-3? ÉÏ

C£®ÎìÌǵÄC-5? ÉÏ D£®ÎìÌǵÄC-2? ¼°C-3? ÉÏ E£®ÎìÌǵÄC-2? ¼°C-5? ÉÏ

10£®¼ÙÄòà×ऺËÜÕËáµÄÌÇÜÕ¼üÊÇ£¨A£©

A£®C¡ªC¼ü B£®C¡ªN¼ü C£®N¡ªN¼ü D£®C¡ªH¼ü E£®N¡ªH¼ü 11£®ºËÜÕËáÖмî»ù(N)¡¢ÎìÌÇ(R)ºÍÁ×Ëá(P)Ö®¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó¹ØϵÊÇ£¨A£©

A£®N-R-P B£®N-P-R C£®R-N-P D£®P-N-R E£®R-P-P-N£¨A£© 12£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚDNA¼î»ù×é³ÉµÄÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨D£©

A£®AÓëCµÄº¬Á¿ÏàµÈ B£®A+T=G+C

C£®ÉúÎïÌåÄÚDNAµÄ¼î»ù×é³ÉËæ×ÅÄêÁäµÄ±ä»¯¶ø±ä»¯ D£®²»Í¬ÉúÎïÀ´Ô´µÄDNA¼î»ù×é³É²»Í¬

E£®Í¬Ò»ÉúÎ²»Í¬×éÖ¯µÄDNA¼î»ù×é³É²»Í¬ 13£®TmÖµÓú¸ßµÄDNA·Ö×Ó£¬Æ䣨A£©

A£®G+Cº¬Á¿Óú¸ß B£®A+Tº¬Á¿Óú¸ß C£®A+Cº¬Á¿ÓúµÍ D£®A+Gº¬Á¿Óú¸ß E£®T+Cº¬Á¿Óú¸ß 14£®º¬ÓÐÏ¡Óмî»ù½Ï¶àµÄºËËáÊÇ£¨B£©

A£®rRNA B£®tRNA C£®mRNA D£®hnRNA E£®DNA 15£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚBÐÍDNAË«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹Ä£Ð͵ÄÐðÊöÖÐÄÄÒ»ÏîÊÇ´íÎóµÄ£¨D£© A£®Á½ÌõÁ´·½ÏòÏà·´ B£®Á½¹ÉÁ´Í¨¹ý¼î»ùÖ®¼äµÄÇâ¼üÏàÁ¬ C£®ÎªÓÒÊÖÂÝÐý£¬Ã¿¸öÂÝÐýΪ10¸ö¼î»ù¶Ô

D£®àÑßʼîºÍà×़îλÓÚÂÝÐýÍâ²à E£®ÂÝÐýµÄÖ±¾¶Îª2nm 16£®RNAÖ÷Òª´æÔÚÓÚ£¨A£©

A£®Ï¸°ûÖÊ B£®Ï¸°ûºË C£®ºËÈÊ D£®ÈÜøÌå E£®ÏßÁ£Ìå 17£®DNAÖ÷Òª´æÔÚÓÚ£¨B£©

A£®Ï¸°ûÖÊ B£®Ï¸°ûºË C£®ÈÜøÌå D£®ÏßÁ£Ìå E£®Ò¶ÂÌÌå 18£®DNA±äÐÔʱ£¨D£©

A£®¶àºËÜÕËáÁ´½â¾Û B£®DNA·Ö×ÓÓɳ¬ÂÝÐýת±äΪ˫ÂÝÐý

C£®·Ö×ÓÖÐÁ×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü¶ÏÁÑ D£®Çâ¼üÆÆ»µ E£®¼î»ùÓëÍÑÑõºËÌǼäÌÇÜÕ¼ü¶ÏÁÑ

19£®ÏÂÁи÷DNA·Ö×ÓÖУ¬¼î»ù×é³É±ÈÀý¸÷²»Ïàͬ£¬ÆäÖÐÄÄÖÖDNAµÄTm×îµÍ£¨D£© A£®A-TÕ¼15£¥ B£®G-CÕ¼25£¥ C£®G-CÕ¼40£¥ D£®A-TÕ¼80£¥ E£®G-CÕ¼35£¥

20£®ºËËáµÄ×î´ó×ÏÍâ¹âÎüÊÕÖµÒ»°ãÔÚÄÄÒ»²¨³¤¸½½ü£¿£¨D£©

A£®200nm B£®220nm C£®240mn D£®260nm E£®280nm 21£®DNA±äÐÔ·¢Éú£¨A£©

A£®Ë«ÂÝÐý¡úµ¥Á´ B£®¶àºËÜÕËáÁ´¡úµ¥ºËÜÕËá

C£®Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü¶ÏÁÑ D£®¼î»ùÊýÔö¼Ó E£®A260¼õС 22£®DNA±äÐÔʱ£¬¶Ï¿ªµÄ¼üÊÇ£¨B£©

£Á£®Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü £Â£®Çâ¼ü C£®ÌÇÜÕ¼ü D£®ëļü E£®ÊèË®¼ü 23£®DNA±äÐÔʱ£¬ÆäÀí»¯ÐÔÖÊ·¢ÉúµÄ¸Ä±äÖ÷ÒªÊÇ£¨C£©

A£®ÈÜÒºð¤¶ÈÉý¸ß B£®¸¡Á¦ÃܶȽµµÍ C£®260nm´¦¹âÎüÊÕÔöÇ¿ D£®Ò×±»µ°°×ø½µ½â E£®·Ö×ÓÁ¿½µµÍ

24£®ºËËá·Ö×ÓÔÓ½»¿É·¢ÉúÔÚDNAÓëDNAÖ®¼ä¡¢DNAÓëRNAÖ®¼ä£¬ÄÇô¶ÔÓÚµ¥Á´DNA

5?-CGGTA-3?£¬Äܹ»ÓëÆä·¢ÉúÔÓ½»µÄRNAÊÇ£¨C£©

A£®5?-GCCAU-3? B£®5?-GCCUU-3? C£®5?-UACCG-3? D£®5?-UAGGC-3? E£®5?-AUCCG-3?

25£®DNAµÄÈý¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇÖ¸£¨C£©

A£®Ë«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹ B£®¦Á-ÂÝÐý C£®³¬ÂÝÐý D£®ÎÞ¹æ¾íÇú E£®¿ª»·Ðͽṹ 26£®ÕæºËϸ°ûȾɫÖʵĻù±¾½á¹¹µ¥Î»ÊÇ£¨C£©

A£®×éµ°°× B£®ºËÐÄ¿ÅÁ£ C£®ºËСÌå D£®³¬ÂÝÐý E£®¦Á-ÂÝÐý 27£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚrRNAµÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨D£©

A£®Ô­ºËÉúÎïµÄºËµ°°×ÌåÖÐÓÐËÄÖÖrRNA£¬¼´23S¡¢16S¡¢5S¡¢5£®8SrRNA B£®Ô­ºËÉúÎïµÄºËµ°°×ÌåÖÐÓÐÈýÖÖrRNA£¬¼´23S¡¢18S¡¢5S rRNA C£®ÕæºËÉúÎïµÄºËµ°°×ÌåÖÐÓÐÈýÖÖrRNA£¬¼´28S¡¢18S¡¢5S rRNA

D£®ÕæºËÉúÎïµÄºËµ°°×ÌåÖÐÓÐËÄÖÖ rRNA£¬¼´28S¡¢18S¡¢5S¡¢5£®8S rRNA

E£®ÕæºËÓëÔ­ºËÉúÎïµÄºËµ°°×Ìå¾ßÓÐÍêÈ«ÏàͬµÄrRNA 28£®tRNAµÄ¶þ¼¶½á¹¹Îª£¨D£©

A£®Ë«ÂÝÐý B£®³¬ÂÝÐý C£®ÏßÐνṹ D£®ÈýÒ¶²ÝÐÎ E£®µ¹¡°L¡±ÐÎ 29£®¸÷ÖÖtRNAµÄ3? Ä©¶Ë¾ùÓеĽṹÊÇ£¨B£©

A£®GGA-OH B£®CCA-OH C£®AAA-OH D£®UUA-OH E£®TTA-OH 30£®ÔÚºËËáÖк¬Á¿ºã¶¨µÄÔªËØÊÇ£¨E£©

A£®C B£®H C£®O D£®N E£®P 31£®×é³ÉºËËáµÄ»ù±¾½á¹¹µ¥Î»ÊÇ£¨D£©

£Á£®àÑßʼîÓëà×à¤¼î £Â£®ºËÌÇÓëÍÑÑõºËÌÇ £Ã£®ºËÜÕ £Ä£®ºËÜÕËá £Å£®¹ÑºËÜÕËá

32£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚtRNAµÄÐðÊö£¬´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨D£©

£Á£®¶þ¼¶½á¹¹Í¨³£³ÊÈýÒ¶²ÝÐÎ £Â£®Èý¼¶½á¹¹Í¨³£³Êµ¹¡°L¡±ÐÎ

£Ã£®ÓÐÒ»¸ö·´ÃÜÂë £Ä£®5? ¶ËΪ-CCA £Å£®ÓÐÒ»¸öT¦·C»·

33£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚtRNAµÄÐðÊö£¬´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨A£©

A£®Í¨³£Óɼ¸°Ù¸öºËÜÕËá×é³É£¬·Ö×ÓÁ¿½Ï´ó B£®º¬ÓмÙÄòà×ऺËÜÕËá

C£®Á×ËáÓëºËÌǵıÈֵΪ1 D£®º¬ÓÐDtmp E£®º¬ÓжþÇâÄòà×ऺËÜÕËá²Ð»ù 34£®ÔÚÏÂÁÐÄÄÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬»¥²¹µÄÁ½ÌõDNAµ¥Á´½«»á½áºÏ³ÉË«Á´£¨B£©

A£®±äÐÔ B£®ÍË»ð C£®¼ÓÁ¬½Óø D£®¼Ó¾ÛºÏø E£®µ÷½ÚpH 35£® RNAÐγɾֲ¿Ë«ÂÝÐýʱ£¬Æä¼î»ùÅä¶ÔÔ­ÔòÊÇ£¨B£©

A£®A-T£¬G-C B£®A-U£¬C-G C£®A-U£¬G-T D£®C-T£¬G-A E£®C-U£¬A-G 36£®¹ØÓÚÕæºËÉúÎïmRNA£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨D£©

£Á£®5? Ä©¶ËΪm7Appp £Â£®3? Ä©¶ËΪ¶à¾ÛÄñÜÕËáβ°Í

£Ã£®º¬Óз´ÃÜÂë £Ä£®·Ö×ÓÄÚÓбàÂëÇøºÍ·Ç±àÂëÇø £Å£®¶þ¼¶½á¹¹³ÊÈýÒ¶²ÝÐÎ

¶þ¡¢BÐÍÌ⣨ÿСÌâ1·Ö£©

A£® Çâ¼ü B£®Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü C£®¼î»ù¶Ñ»ýÁ¦ D£®¼î»ùÖеĹ²éîË«¼ü E£®¾²µç³âÁ¦ 1£®¼î»ù»¥²¹Åä¶ÔʱÐγɵļüÊÇ£¨A£© 2£®×ÝÏòά³ÖË«ÂÝÐýÎȶ¨µÄÊÇ£¨C£© 3£®ºËÜÕËáÖ®¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó¼üÊÇ£¨B£©

4£®ºËËá·Ö×ÓÖÐ×ÏÍâ¹âÎüÊÕ½ÏÇ¿µÄ¼üÊÇ£¨D£© 5£®²»ÀûÓÚά³ÖË«ÂÝÐýÎȶ¨µÄÁ¦ÊÇ£¨E£©

A£®Ë«ÂÝÐý B£®³¬ÂÝÐý C£®ÈýÒ¶²ÝÐÎ D£®µ¹LÐÎ E£®¼î»ùÅÅÁÐ˳Ðò 6£®ºËËáµÄÒ»¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇÖ¸£¨E£© 7£®DNA¶þ¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇ£¨A£© 8£®DNAÈý¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇ£¨B£© 9£®tRNAµÄ¶þ¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇ£¨C£© 10£®tRNAµÄÈý¼¶½á¹¹ÊÇ£¨D£©

A£®ÐØÏÙà×ठB£®¼ÙÄòà×ठC£®àÑßʼî D£®¶þÇâÄòà×ठE£®ÏÙàÑßÊ 11£®ÔÚºËÜÕËáÖÐͨ¹ýN9ÓëÌÇÁ¬½Ó£¨C£© 12£®ÍÑ°±ºóÄÜÉú³É´Î»ÆàÑßÊ£¨E£© 13£®C-5ÓÐÒ»¼×»ù£¨A£©

14£®Í¨¹ýC¡ªC¼üÓëºËÌÇÁ¬½Ó£¨B£©

15£®ÎªtRNAÖк¬Á¿½Ï¶àµÄÒ»ÖÖÏ¡Óмî»ù£¨D£©

A£®Ë«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹ B£®ÈýÒ¶²ÝÐνṹ C£®3? ¶ËÓÐpolyAβ D£®Ô­ºËϸ¾úÓÐÈýÖÖ£¬ÕæºËϸ°ûÓÐËÄÖÖ E£®Óд߻¯×÷ÓÃ

16£®DNA£¨A£© 17£®mRNA£¨C£© 18£®rRNA£¨D£© 19£®tRNA£¨B£© 20£®ºËø£¨E£©

Èý¡¢XÐÍÌ⣨ÿСÌâ1·Ö£©

1£®DNAÖеĹ²¼Û¼ü°üÀ¨£¨ABC£©

A£®3?£¬5? Á×Ëá¶þõ¥¼ü B£®ÌÇÜÕ¼ü C£®Á×Ëá-ÍÑÑõºËÌǵÄ5?-OHµÄõ¥¼ü D£®Á×Ëá-ÍÑÑõºËÌǵÄ2?-OHµÄõ¥¼ü E£®ëļü 2£®ÔÚÈÚ½âζÈʱ£¬Ë«Á´DNA·¢ÉúÏÂÁÐÄÄЩ±ä»¯£¿£¨ABC£©

A£®ÔÚ260nm´¦µÄÎü¹â¶ÈÔö¼Ó B£®Çâ¼ü¶ÏÁÑ C£®Ë«ÂÝÐýÖèÈ»½â¿ª D£®ËùÓÐG-C¶ÔÏûʧ E£®Á½Ìõµ¥Á´ÖØÐÂÐγÉË«ÂÝÐý 3£®ºËËá±äÐԺ󣬿ɷ¢ÉúÄÄЩЧӦ£¿£¨BCE£©

A£®¼õɫЧӦ B£®ÔöɫЧӦ C£®¼î»ù±©Â¶ D£®×î´óÎüÊÕ²¨³¤·¢ÉúתÒÆ E£®ð¤¶È½µµÍ 4£®ÓйØDNA TmÖµµÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨BD£©

A£®ÓëDNAµÄ¼î»ùÅÅÁÐ˳ÐòÓÐÖ±½Ó¹Øϵ B£®ÓëDNAÁ´µÄ³¤¶ÈÓÐ¹Ø C£®ÔÚËùÓеÄÕæºËÉúÎïÖж¼Ò»Ñù D£®ÓëG-C¶Ôº¬Á¿³ÉÕý±È E£®ÓëA-T¶Ôº¬Á¿³ÉÕý±È

5£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚºËËá·Ö×ÓÔÓ½»µÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÓУ¨ABD£©

A£®²»Í¬À´Ô´µÄÁ½Ìõµ¥Á´DNA£¬Ö»Òª¼î»ùÐòÁдóÖ»¥²¹£¬ËüÃǼ´¿ÉÐγÉÔÓ»¯Ë«Á´ B£®DNAÒ²¿ÉÓëRNAÔÓ½»ÐγÉË«ÂÝÐý

C£®DNAÒ²¿ÉÓëÆä±àÂëµÄ¶àëÄÁ´½áºÏÐγÉÔÓ½»·Ö×Ó

D£®ÔÓ½»¼¼Êõ¿ÉÓÃÓÚºËËáµÄÑо¿ E£®ÊÇÖ¸¿¹Ô­¿¹ÌåµÄÔÓ½» 6£®DNA·Ö×ÓÖеļî»ù×é³ÉΪ£¨ABC£©

A£®C+ T =G+ A B£®A=T C£®C=G D£®C+G=A+T E£®C+G£¯A+T=1

7£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚÕæºËÉúÎïDNA¼î»ùµÄÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ABCDE£©

A£®Ö»ÓÐËÄÖÖ¼î»ù B£®²»º¬U C£®G-C¶ÔÓÐ3¸öÇâ¼ü D£®Í¬Ò»¸öÌå¼î»ùÐòÁÐÏàͬ E£®C+ T/ G+ A = 1 8£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚ¶àºËÜÕËáÁ´µÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ABDE£©

A£®Á´µÄÁ½¶ËÔڽṹÉÏÊDz»Í¬µÄ B£®¾ßÓз½ÏòÐÔ C£®à×़îÓëàÑßʼî×ÜÊǽ»ÌæÖظ´Öظ´

D£®ÓÉËÄÖÖ²»Í¬µÄµ¥ºËÜÕËá×é³É E£®ÊÇDNAºÍRNAµÄ»ù±¾½á¹¹ 9£®DNAË«ÂÝÐý½á¹¹Öеļî»ù¶Ô°üÀ¨£¨AB£©

A£®A-T B£®C-G£® C£®U-A D£®C-T E£®A-G 10£®¹ØÓÚDNAË«ÂÝÐýÄ£Ð͵ÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ACE£©

A£®ÊÇDNAµÄ¶þ¼¶½á¹¹ B£®Á½Á´¼î»ù¼äAÓëG¡¢TÓëCÅä¶Ô C£®¼î»ù¶ÔÖ®¼äÒԷǹ²¼Û¼üÏàÁ¬ D£®¼î»ù¶ÔÔÚÍâ²à E£®´ó¹µÐ¡¹µ½»Ìæ³öÏÖ

11£®RNAÖдæÔڵĺËÜÕËáÊÇ£¨ABCD£©

A£®UMP B£®AMP C£®GMP D£®CMP E£®OMP 12£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚRNAµÄÐðÊö£¬´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨ACDE£©

A£®Í¨³£ÒÔµ¥Á´·Ö×Ó´æÔÚ B£®·Ö×ÓÁ¿Í¨³£½Ï´ó C£®µçӾʱӾÏòÕý¼« D£®ÓÐÈýÖÖÒÔÉÏ E£®¾Ö²¿¿ÉÐγÉË«ÂÝÐý 13£®ÏÂÁйØÓÚtRNAµÄÐðÊö£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ACD£©

A£®º¬ÓÐIMP B£®º¬ÓÐdTMP C£®º¬ÓмÙÄòà×ऺËÜÕËá D£®º¬ÓжþÇâÄòà×ऺËÜÕËá E£®²»º¬ÓÐAMP 14£®DNA¡¢RNA½á¹¹ÉÏÏàͬµÄÊÇ£¨CD£©

£Á£®¼î»ùÖÖÀà £Â£®ÎìÌÇÖÖÀà £Ã£®ºËÜÕËá¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó¼ü £Ä£®¶¼ÓÉÁ×Ëá¡¢ÎìÌÇ¡¢¼î»ù×é³É £Å£®¶¼ÊÇË«Á´ 15£®ÕæºËmRNAµÄ½á¹¹ÌصãÓУ¨ABD£©

£Á£®5? ¶ËÓÐm7GpppNµÄñ×ӽṹ £Â£®3? ¶ËÓÐpolyAβ £Ã£®ËùÓмî»ù¶¼¹¹³ÉÃÜÂë×Ó £Ä£®²»Í¬mRNAµÄÁ´³¤²î±ð½Ì´ó £Å£®ÓÐS-DÐòÁÐ