专题限时检测(一) 单词词义辨析

(共3组，限时20分钟) [模拟题组一]

1．(2020·南京、盐城一模)Last December China ________ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country's reform and opening-up.

A．distinguished C．acknowledged

B．sponsored D．evaluated

解析：选C 句意：去年12月，中国表彰了对国家改革开放做出杰出贡献的100名中国人和10名外国人。acknowledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth.) 为(某事物)表示感谢”，符合语境。 distinguish“区别，辨别”；sponsor“赞助”；evaluate “评估”。

2．(2020·南京、盐城一模)Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done________.

A．artificially C．comprehensively

B．manually D．gradually

解析：选B 句意：计算机控制的机器人接管了许多行业中的工作，而这些工作过去都是手工完成的。artificially“人造地，不自然地”；manually“手工地”；comprehensively“全面地”； gradually“渐渐地”。根据句意，选B。

3．(2020·镇江一模)The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners.

A．ignore C．applaud

B．identify D．satisfy

解析：选A 句意：餐馆的女服务员通常很体贴，但在这个场合，她似乎忽视了用餐者。ignore“忽视”，符合句意。identify“确定，识别”；applaud“夸赞，鼓掌”；satisfy“满足”。

4．(2020·镇江一模)I wish you wouldn't be so________； you make faces at everything I say.

A．weird C．reluctant

B．polite D．serious

解析：选A 句意：我希望我没有这么奇怪，你对我说的所有事都挤眉弄眼。weird“不可思议的，怪诞的”，符合句意。polite“礼貌的”；reluctant“不情愿，严肃”；serious“严肃的”。

5．(2020·苏州一模)The year 2020 is a special one in that it ________ the 40th anniversary of the launch of China's reform and opening-up policy.

A．signals C．anticipates

B．advocates D．marks

解析：选D 句意：2020年是一个特殊的年份，因为它标志着中国改革开放40周年。in that相当于because引导原因状语从句。mark“标志”，符合语境。signal“向……发信号”；advocate“提倡”；anticipate“预见，预料”。

6．(2020·常州一模)Studies suggest that babies learn to ________ voices before birth.They can recognize their mother's voice among a group of women.

A．suspect C．discriminate

B．compromise D．inspect

解析：选C 句意：研究表明婴儿在出生前便学会分辨声音。他们可以在一群女人当中分辨出母亲的声音。discriminate “歧视；区别；辨出”，符合语境。suspect“怀疑”；compromise “妥协，伤害”； inspect“检查，视察”。

7．(2020·常州一模)—Why not turn to Kevin? He saw what happened, so his is the only ________ account.

—The problem is that he has refused to say anything about the accident. A．tentative C．authentic

B．controversial D．arbitrary

解析：选C 句意：“为什么不求助于Kevin？他目击了事件的发生，因此他所说的话是唯一真实准确的叙述。”“问题是他已拒绝对此事件说点什

么。”authentic “真实的，准确的”，符合语境。tentative“试探性的”；controversial“有争议的”；arbitrary“随意的，任性的”。

8．(2020·常州一模)Though scientists get closer to understanding why we age, the reason for different aging rates among individuals remains only ________ understood.

A．concretely C．vaguely

B．thoroughly D．flexibly

解析：选C 句意：虽然科学家们越来越了解我们为什么会变老，但对于个体间不同的衰老率的原因仍然理解得比较模糊。vaguely“模糊地”，符合语境。concretely“具体地”； thoroughly“彻底地”； flexibly“灵活地”。

9．(2020·徐州、淮安、连云港一模)Being an experienced lecturer, Mr.Black ________ his speech to suit a younger audience.

A．simplified C．exchanged

B．addressed D．delivered

解析：选A 句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，布莱克先生简化他的演讲来适应年轻的观众。simplify“简化”，符合语境。address“称呼，演说”；exchange“交换”； deliver“传送；投递”。

10．(2020·徐州、淮安、连云港一模)The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”

A．slip C．seal

B．slide D．spit

解析：选A 句意：观众因主持人失言而大笑，主持人说：“女士们，晚上好，先生们。”the slip of tongue “口误”，固定搭配。

11．(2020·泰州一模)The autobiography Becoming by Michelle Obama, ________ about her life in the White House, sold well once on the market.

A．definitely C．initially

B．essentially D．accurately

解析：选B 句意：米歇尔·奥巴马(Michelle Obama)写的《成为》这本自传，基本上是关于她在白宫的生活，一经上市，就很畅销。essentially“基本上，根本上”，符合语境。definitely“明确地；确切地”；initially“最初；开始”；accurately“精确地，如实”。

12．(2020·泰州一模)Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which ________ me well.

A．serves C．favors

B．suits D．motivates

解析：选A 句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是做些阅读，这对我很有帮助。此处serve意思为“对……有用”。

13．(2020·扬州一模)You had better stay in China for further education.Some top American universities are accused of ________ Asian-American applicants using race as a factor.

A．welcoming C．denying

B．employing D．restoring

解析：选C 句意：你最好留在中国继续深造。一些美国顶尖大学被指控以种族为因素拒绝亚裔申请人。deny “拒绝”，符合语境。welcome“欢迎”；employ“雇佣”； restore“恢复”。

14．(2020·扬州一模)Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population ________ and the earth's natural resources decrease.

A．selects C．swells

B．declines D．varies

解析：选C 句意：随着全球人口的膨胀和地球自然资源的减少，我们中的许多人对后代面临的挑战感到担忧。swell“肿胀，膨胀”，符合语境。select“选择，挑选”； decline“下降，婉拒”； vary“不同”。

15．(2020·南通一模)Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been ________ to its original appearance.