1). A terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas, 2004. 2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas?

3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______. 4). His house was _______ _______ last week.

Keys: 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken into

8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防 [典例]

Watch out! There’ s a car coming. 小心! 汽车来了。 [重点用法]

watch out for sb/sth 警惕或注意某人/事物 [练习] 用watch短语填空。

1). There must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day.

2). What problems should I _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house? 3). You’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______. Keys: 1). watching over 2). watch out for 3). watch out

watch over 保护；照看

Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere. 它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。 [解释]“be + 不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：

1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you are to go to her office after class. 你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。 2). The worst is still to come. 更糟糕的事情还会发生。

3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow. = We are to hold a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is to be held tomorrow. 我们明天将开会。

4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am. 这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。 [练习] 完成句子或翻译。

1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you ______ ______ ______ to her office after class.

(你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。) 2). The worst is still ______ ______ (come). 3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow.

= We ______ ______ ______ a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is ______ ______ ______ tomorrow. 4). 这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。

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Keys: 1). are to go 2). to come 3). are to hold; to be held 4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am.

2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。

[解释] 此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。

提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如： 1). We make it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning. 2). I find it hard to get along with him.

3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。 4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。 [练习] 完成句子或翻译。

1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (规定) to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning. 2). I ______ ______ ______ (发现很难) to get along with him． 3). 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。

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4). 我觉得我有责任帮助你。

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Keys: 1). make it a rule 2). find it hard 3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA.

4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.

3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 [解释] twice as...as... “是??的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：

1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是??的几倍” My room is twice as large as his. 2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比??(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.

3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是??的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.

注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。例如： 1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one. = This ruler is three times the length of that one. 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。 2). There are four times as many students as we expected. 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。 [解释] twice as ... as... 是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：

1). 倍数 + as + adj./adv. + as “是??的几倍” My room is twice as large as his.

2). 倍数 + adj./adv.比较级 + than “比??(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.

3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是??的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.

注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth 等。 [练习] 完成句子或翻译。

1). 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。

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2). 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。There are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ we expected. Keys: 1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one. = This ruler is three times the length of that one. 2). four times as many students as

课文要点（模块）

Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

As the result of \ 1 (move) around the sun. The gasses which were to make the earth's 2 （大气层）came into being from the explosion of the dust ball, with water 3 (follow) them while the earth cooled down. It allowed the beginning for

life. Many millions of years 4 , the first 5 (极度的) small plants began to appear 6 the surface of the water, 7 (繁殖) and filling the sea and oceans, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. As time passed, green plants taking carbon dioxide and producing 8 （氧气）came to land and grew into forest. Later the chains of lives continued, such as insects, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs and mammals, the typical of 9 is human being. They don't only do 10 to the earth but cause damage to it.

答案：1. moving 2. atmosphere 3. following 4. later 5. extremely 6. on 7. multiplying 8. oxygen 9. which 10. good

Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）

阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语，

短文解释了生命如何在地球上开始的。首先，地球爆炸和产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物，包括人类逐渐在地球上出现。

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答案：The passage explains how life began on the earth. At first, the earth exploded and produced water. And then plants and animals including human beings appeared on the earth gradually because water exists on the earth.

Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）

1【原句】What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.

[模仿要点] 句子结构： what＋主语从句＋is … till +时间名词＋定语从句 【模仿1】他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。

__________________________________________________________________________________案：What gift he would give me was uncertain until yesterday afternoon when he came to see us. 【模仿2】没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到3年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。 __________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：What jobs we will get is unknown until 3 years later when we will graduate from university.

2【原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.

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