³É¶¼¹¤ÒµÑ§ÔºÎïÁ÷¹ÜÀíרҵ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
Ŀ¼
µÚÒ»Õ£ºÐ÷ÂÛ ................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1¡°Ñ¡Ìâ±³¾°ºÍÒâÒå .............................................................................................................. 7 1.2Ñо¿ÖصãÓëÄѵã ................................................................................................................. 7 µÚ¶þÕ£ºµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¸ÅÊö ............................................................................................................... 8
2.1 µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¶¨Òå .............................................................................................................. 8 2.2µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄÌØÕ÷ ............................................................................................................. 8
2.2.1·þÎñºÏͬ»¯ .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.2·þÎñ¸öÐÔ»¯ .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.3¹¦ÄÜרҵ»¯ .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.4¹ÜÀíϵͳ»¯ .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.5ÐÅÏ¢ÍøÂ绯 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.3µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄÓÅÊÆ ........................................................................................................... 10 2.4µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷·þÎñ³É¹¦µÄÒòËØ ........................................................................................... 10 2.5µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄÀûÒæÀ´Ô´ ................................................................................................... 12
2.5.1×÷ÒµÀûÒæ ................................................................................................................ 12 2.5.2¾¼ÃÓë²ÆÎñÀûÒæ .................................................................................................... 13 2.5.3¹ÜÀíÀûÒæ ................................................................................................................ 13 2.5.4Õ½ÂÔÀûÒæ ................................................................................................................ 13 2.6µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÊÇÈçºÎ´´Ôì¼ÛÖµµÄ ....................................................................................... 14
2.6.1Ìá¸ßÔË×÷ЧÂÊ ........................................................................................................ 14 2.6.2¿Í»§ÔË×÷ÕûºÏ ........................................................................................................ 14 2.6.3·¢Õ¹¿Í»§ÔË×÷ ........................................................................................................ 15 2.7·¢Õ¹µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄ×÷Óà ................................................................................................... 15
2.7.1ÔËÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¿É¸üºÃµØÍê³É¿Í»§·þÎñ²¢¼°Ê±ÓÐЧµØ·´À¡¿Í»§ÐÅÏ¢ ............ 15 2.7.2µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÓÐЧ½µµÍÆóÒµ»î¶¯µÄÔËÓª³É±¾ ........................................................ 15 2.7.3µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÓÐÖúÓÚÆóÒµ´ó·¶Î§µÄÉÌÆ·ÏúÊÛ ........................................................ 15 2.7.4ÔËÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¿ÉÒÔ¼õÉÙͶ×Ê£¬¼¯Öо«Á¦ÓÚÖ÷Òµ£¬½µµÍ¾Óª·çÏÕ ................ 16 2.8µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÊÇÆóÒµÎïÁ÷µÄÒ»¸ö·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ ....................................................................... 16 µÚÈýÕ£ºÆóÒµ¾ºÕù¸ÅÊö ................................................................................................................. 17
3.1ÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄº¬Òå ........................................................................................................... 17 3.2ÆóÒµµÄ¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¼¸¸ö²ãÃæÓ뵱ǰÆóÒµ¾ºÕù×´¿ö ........................................................... 17
3.2.1 ÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦Ö÷Òª·ÖΪÈý¸ö²ãÃæ£º ....................................................................... 17 3.2.2¡¢ÆóÒµ¾ºÕù»·¾³µÄ¸´ÔÓ»¯ ..................................................................................... 18 3.2.3ÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÄÚÈݵĶ¯Ì¬»¯ ........................................................................................ 18
µÚËÄÕ£ºÆóÒµµÄÎïÁ÷ÏÖ×´ ............................................................................................................. 19
4.1ÆóÒµµÄÎïÁ÷ÏÖ×´ ............................................................................................................... 19 4.1.1ÆóÒµÎïÁ÷Êý¾Ý·ÖÎö¡£ .................................................................................................... 19 4.2ÆóÒµµ±Ç°ÎïÁ÷ÎÊÌâµÄ·ÖÎö ............................................................................................... 20
4.2.1Éç»áºÍÆóÒµ¶ÔÆóÒµÎïÁ÷ȱ·¦×ã¹»µÄÖØÊÓ¡£ ........................................................ 20
³É¶¼¹¤ÒµÑ§ÔºÎïÁ÷¹ÜÀíרҵ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
4.2.2ÆóÒµÄÚ²¿ÎïÁ÷ÌåÖÆÃ»ÓÐÀí˳¡£ ............................................................................ 20 4.2.3ÆóÒµÎïÁ÷ÓëÉç»áÎïÁ÷·Ö¹¤²»ºÏÀí ........................................................................ 20 4.2.4ÆóÒµÎïÁ÷ÐÅÏ¢»¯³Ì¶ÈµÍ¡£ .................................................................................... 20 4.2.5ÎïÁ÷¼¼ÊõÂäºó¡£ .................................................................................................... 21 4.2.6ÆóÒµÎïÁ÷È˲Åȱ·¦¡£ ............................................................................................ 21
µÚÎåÕ£ºµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÓëÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦ ............................................................................................. 22
5.1µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÓëÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¹ØÏµ ................................................................................... 22
5.1.1µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ʹÆóÒµ¼¯ÖÐÓÚºËÐľºÕùÁ¦ ................................................................ 22 5.1.2µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷½µµÍÆóÒµ³É±¾£¬Ìá¸ß¹Ë¿Í·þÎñˮƽ ................................................ 22 5.1.3µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ʹÆóÒµ»ñµÃʱ»ù£¨time-based£©¾ºÕùÁ¦........................................... 23 5.1.4µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÆóҵʹÆóÒµÔöÇ¿¶ÔÊг¡µÄÓ¦±äÄÜÁ¦ ................................................ 23 5.2ÆóÒµÔËÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄÓÅÔ½ÐÔ ....................................................................................... 24
5.2.1¡¢ÆóÒµ¼¯Öо«Á¦ÓÚºËÐÄÒµÎñ ................................................................................. 24 5.2.2¡¢ÔËÓÃм¼Êõ ......................................................................................................... 24 5.2.3¡¢¼ÓËÙ×ʱ¾ÖÜת ..................................................................................................... 24 5.2.4¡¢ÌṩÁé»î¶àÑùµÄ¹Ë¿Í·þÎñ ................................................................................. 24
µÚÁùÕ£º°¸Àý·ÖÎö ......................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 TNTÎïÁ÷Óë»ÝÆÕµÄÐͬºÏ×÷ ....................................................................................... 25
6.1.1¡¢Ñ¡ÔñµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷Ó¦¸ÃÖÁÉÙ¿¼ÂǵÄÁ½¸öÒòËØ ..................................................... 27 6.1.2¡¢»ÝÆÕ½«ÎïÁ÷ÒµÎñÍâ°ü¸øTNTµÄÔÒò ............................................................... 28 6.1.3¡¢»ÝÆÕ½«ÎïÁ÷ÒµÎñÍâ°ü¸øTNT»ñµÃµÄÀûÒæ ....................................................... 28 6.2 µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷£º¿ÆÁúµÄÕ½ÂÔÐÔÑ¡Ôñ ................................................................................ 28
6.2.1µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÊÇÕ½ÂÔÐÔÑ¡Ôñ .................................................................................... 29 6.2.2×ʱ¾´òÔì¹úÄÚµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ƽ̨ ............................................................................ 29 6.3°¸Àý×ܽá ........................................................................................................................... 30 µÚÆßÕ£ºÊ¹ÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÖØ¹¹ÆóÒµºËÐľºÕùÁ¦ ......................................................................... 31
7.1ÈÏÇ嵱ǰÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÌ¬ÊÆ ................................................................................................... 31 7.2Ê÷Á¢µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÀíÄî ....................................................................................................... 31 7.3×öºÃÓëµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷µÄ×¼±¸ ....................................................................................... 31 7.4Ñ¡ÔñºÏÊʵĵÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÌṩÕß ....................................................................................... 32 7.5¼ÓÇ¿ÓëµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷»ï°é¹ØÏµµÄ¹ÜÀí ....................................................................... 32 7.6½¨Á¢ÓÚµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷Ä£ÐÍ ........................................................................................... 33 ½áÊøÓï ............................................................................................................................................ 34 ÖÂл ................................................................................................................................................ 35 ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×......................................................................................................................................... 36
³É¶¼¹¤ÒµÑ§ÔºÎïÁ÷¹ÜÀíרҵ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
µÚÒ»Õ£ºÐ÷ÂÛ
1.1Ñ¡Ìâ±³¾°ºÍÒâÒå
Ëæ×ÅÈ«Çò¾¼ÃÒ»Ì廯¼°Ð¾¼ÃµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÆóÒµÃæÁÙµÄÉú´æÓë·¢Õ¹»·¾³¸üÇ÷ÓÚ¸´ÔÓ»¯£¬ÎªÁË»ñµÃ¾ºÕùÓÅÊÆ£¬ÆóÒµ±ØÐë²»¶Ï²ÉÓô´ÐµÄÀíÄîÓë¼¼Êõ£¬ÍÚ¾òÎïÁ÷ÁìÓòµÄ¡°Ç±ÔÚÐ§Òæ¡±¡£ÎïÁ÷µÄ·¢Õ¹Ë®Æ½£¬ÒѾ³ÉΪºâÁ¿Ò»¸ö¹ú¼Ò×ۺϹúÁ¦µÄÖØÒª±êÖ¾Ö®Ò»¡£ÓÉÓÚÆóÒµ°ÑÆóÒµµÄÎïÁ÷¹¦Äܲ¿·Ö»òÈ«²¿Íâ°ü¸øµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµ³Ðµ££¬¿ÉÒÔ´ó·ù½µµÍÎïÁ÷³É±¾£¬Ìá¸ß¿Í»§·þÎñˮƽ£¬Õâ´ó´óÔöÇ¿ÁËÆóÒµµÄ¾ºÕùÁ¦¡£ËùÒÔÎÒÑ¡ÔñÁ˵ÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¶ÔÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄÖØÒªÐÔ̽ÌÖÕâ¸öÌâÄ¿£¬Ï£ÍûÔÚÎÄÖеÄ̽ÌÖÖÐËùÌá³öµÄÆóÒµÈçºÎÓëµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷µÄ·½·¨¶ÔÎÒ¹úÆóÒµÎïÁ÷µÄ·¢Õ¹»áÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£
1.2Ñо¿ÖصãÓëÄѵã
ÔÚ·ÖÎöÆóÒµÎïÁ÷ÔÚÎÒ¹úµÄÏÖ×´ºÍ»·¾³µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬Ìá³öÆóÒµÔÚÔËÓª¹ý³ÌÖÐÈçºÎÌá¸ß¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄÎÊÌâ¡£Ö÷Ҫ̽ÌÖÎÒ¹úÈçºÎÔËÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÖØ¹¹ÆóÒµºËÐľºÕùÁ¦£¬¾ÍÊÇÈÏÇ嵱ǰÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÌ¬ÊÆ£¬Ñ°ÇóеÄÓÅÊÆ£»´òÆÆ´«Í³¹ÛÄÊ÷Á¢µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÀíÄ»ý¼«½øÐÐÆóÒµÄÚ²¿¸Ä¸ï£¬×öºÃÓëµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷µÄ×¼±¸£»Öƶ¨ºÏÀíÑ¡Ôñ³ÌÐò£¬Ñ¡ÔñºÏÊʵĵÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÌṩÕߣ»¼ÓÇ¿ÓëµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ºÏ×÷»ï°é¹ØÏµµÄ¹ÜÀí£¬±£³ÖÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÓÅÊÆ¡£
³É¶¼¹¤ÒµÑ§ÔºÎïÁ÷¹ÜÀíרҵ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ
µÚ¶þÕ£ºµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¸ÅÊö
2.1 µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¶¨Òå
µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÓÖ³ÆÎª¡°ÎïÁ÷´úÀí¡±¡¢¡°ºÏͬÎïÁ÷¡±»ò¡°ÍâÐÎïÁ÷¡±£¬Ó¢Îļò³ÆTPL£¬ÊÇThird Party LogisticsµÄ¼ò³Æ¡£ÊÇÖ¸Éú²ú¾ÓªÆóҵΪ¼¯Öо«Á¦¸ãºÃÖ÷Òµ£¬°ÑÔÀ´ÊôÓÚ×Ô¼º´¦ÀíµÄ²¿·Ö»òÈ«²¿ÎïÁ÷»î¶¯£¬ÒÔºÏͬµÄÐÎʽίÍиø×¨ÃÅÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµ¡£Í¬Ê±Í¨¹ýÐÅϢϵͳÓëÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµ±£³ÖÃÜÇеÄÁªÏµ£¬ÒÑ´ïµ½¶ÔÎïÁ÷È«³ÌµÄ¹ÜÀíÓë¿ØÖÆµÄÒ»ÖÖÎïÁ÷ÔË×÷¼°¹ÜÀíģʽ¡£¢Ù
»õµÄµÚ¶þ·½ÎïÁ÷£¬¶øÊÇͨ¹ýÆõÔ¼µÄÐÎʽ£¬ÓÉ·¢»õÈ˺ÍÊÕ»õÈËÒÔÍâµÄµÚÈý·½½øÐеÄÎïÁ÷¡£µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµµÄÀûÈó²»ÊÇÀ´×ÔÓÚÔË·Ñ¡¢²Ö´¢·ÑµÈÖ±½Ó·ÑÓÃÊÕÈ룬¶øÊÇÀ´Ô´ÓÚÏÖ´úÎïÁ÷¹ÜÀí¿ÆÑ§µÄÍÆ¹ãËù²úÉúµÄмÛÖµ¡£Ä¿Ç°µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÔÚÅ·ÃÀ¹ú¼ÒÒÑ·¢Õ¹Ï൱³ÉÊ죬²¢ÇÒʹÓýÏΪÆÕ±é£¬ÈçÔÚÎ÷·½¹ú¼ÒʹÓõÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷·þÎñµÄ±ÈÀý ÒÑÕ¼Õû¸öÎïÁ÷ÐÐÒµµÄ50%ÒÔÉÏ£»ÔÚÈÕ±¾£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¸üÊÇÕ¼µ½70%ÒÔÉÏ ¡£µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµÒýµ¼ÁËÎïÁ÷ÍâÐÒµÎñµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£ÔÚÌṩ»õ´ú¡¢ÔËÊä¡¢²Ö´¢µÈ»ù±¾ÒµÎñµÄͬʱ£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÆóÒµ»¹Ïò¹Ë¿ÍÌṩÆäËûÏà¹Ø·þÎñ£¬ÎªÏúÊÛÎïÁ÷·þÎñÉÌÌṩÁËÒ»Ìõ½øÈëеÄÀûÈó¿Õ¼ä£¬ÍØÕ¹×ÛºÏÒ»Ì廯·þÎñµÄÇþµÀ¡£
2.2µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄÌØÕ÷
µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷ÊÇÎïÁ÷רҵ»¯µÄÐÂÐÍģʽ£¬×¨Òµ»¯¡¢Éç»á»¯µÄµÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷µÄ³Ðµ£ÕßÊÇÎïÁ÷¹«Ë¾¡£µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¹«Ë¾Í¨³£Óë¿Í»§Ç©¶©½Ï³¤Ê±¼äµÄÎïÁ÷·þÎñºÏͬ£¬ËùÒÔ£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷Ò²³ÆÎª¡°ºÏͬÎïÁ÷¡±µÄ¾Óª·½Ê½¡£Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¹«Ë¾Óë¿Í»§Ö®¼äÊÇ»ùÓÚ½¨Á¢Ò»ÖÖ³¤ÆÚµÄºÏ×÷¹ØÏµ£¬¶ø²»ÊÇÒ»´ÎÐÔ½»Ò×ÐÐΪ¡£Í¬Ê±£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷Ò²ÓС°×ÛºÏÎïÁ÷¡±µÄÌØÕ÷£¬¼¸ºõËùÓеĵÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷¹«Ë¾ËùÌṩµÄ·þÎñ·¶Î§¶¼³¬¹ýij¸öµ¥Ò»¹¦ÄÜ¡£»»¾ä»°Ëµ£¬¸ÃÁìÓòµÄDZÔڹ˿Ͷ¼¿ÉÒÔÏòijһ¸öÎïÁ÷¹«Ë¾¹ºÂòÆäËùÐèµÄÈ«²¿ÎïÁ÷ÐèÇó»òÁ½¸öÒÔÉϵķþÎñ£¬ÖªµÀÂú×ãΪֹ¡£×ÛºÏÎïÁ÷¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊܹ˿ͶàÖÖÔËÊä·þÎñÐèÇó¼°¶©»õ¡¢È¡»õºÍ°ü×°µÈÐèÇ󣬰üÀ¨Íê³ÉµÝËÍ·þÎñ¡£
Ò»°ã¶øÑÔ£¬µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷±íÏÖ³öÈçÏÂÌØÕ÷£º
¢Ù
½ÉÙÎÄ.µÚÈý·½ÎïÁ÷.ÉϺ££º»ª¶«Ê¦·¶´óѧ³ö°æÉ磬2007.12