Answer：B

12.5 A company manufactures three joint products and one by-product from a single process. Data for May are as follows. Opening and closing inventories Nil Raw materials input $180,000 Conversion costs $50,000 Output Sales price Units $ per unit Joint product L 3,000 32 M 2,000 42 N 4,000 38 By-product R 1,000 2 By-product sales revenue is credited to the sales account. Joint costs are apportioned on a sales value basis.

What were the full production costs of product M in May (to the nearest $)?

A $57,687

B $57,844 C $58,193 D $66,506 Answer：C

12.6 Two products G and H are created from a joint proces. G can be sold immediately after

plit-off. H requires further processing before it is in a saleable condition. There are on opening inventories and no work in progress. The following data are available for last period; $ Total joint production costs 384,000 Further processing costs(product H) 159,600

Product Selling price Sales Production per unit Units Units G $0.84 400,000 412,000 H $1.82 200,000 228,000 Using the physical unit method for apportioning joint production costs, what was the cost value of the closing inventory of product H for last period?

A $36,400 B $37,520 C $40,264 D $45,181 Answer：A

12.7 Two products (W and X) are created from a joint process. Both products can be sold

immediately after split-off. There are no opening inventories or work in progress. The following information is available for last period:

Total joint production costs $776,160 Product Production Sales units Selling price per units unit W 12,000 10,000 $10 X 10,000 8,000 $12 Using the sales value method of apportioning joint production costs, what was the value of the closing inventory of product X for last period?

A $310,464 B $388,080 C $155,232 D $77,616 Answer：D 13 Alternative costing principles

13.1 Which of the following statements is not correct?

A Activity based costing is an alternative to traditional volume-based costing methods B Activity based costs provide an approximation of long-run variable unit costs C Activity based costing cannot be used to cost services D Activity based costing is a form of absorption costing Answer：C

13.2 A products is in the stage of its life cycle which is typified by falling prices but good profit margins due to high sales volumes. What stage is it in? A Growth B Maturity C Introduction D Decline Answer：B

13.3 Which of the following statements describes life cycle costing? A The profiling of cost over a product?s production life

B The profiling of cost over a product?s development, production life and dismantling

period

C The profiling of cost and revenues over a product?s development, production life and

dismantling period

D The profiling of cost and revenues over a product?s production life Answer：B

13.4 In what stage of the product life cycle are initial costs of the investment in the product typically recovered? A Introduction B Decline C Growth D Maturity Answer：C

13.5 How is target cost calculated?

A Desired selling price-actual profit margin B Market price-desired profit margin

C Desired selling price- desired profit margin D Market price-standard profit margin Answer：B

13.6 Which stage of the product life cycle do the following characteristics refer to? New competitors

Customer feedback received

New distribution outlets being found Product quality improvements made A Growth B Decline C Maturity D Introduction

Answer：A 14 Frorecasting

14.1 The following four data pairs have been obtained：(1,5),(2,6),(4,9),(5,11).Without carrying out

any calculations,which of the following correlation coefficients best describes the relationship between x and y?

A -0.98 B -0.25 C 0.98 D 0.25 Answer：C

14.2 A company?s management accountant is anaylysing the reject rates achieved by 100 factory

operatives working in identical conditions. Reject rates, Y%, are found to be related to months of experience, X, by this regression equation: Y=20 - 0.25X. (The correlation coefficient was r =-0.9.)

Using the equation, what is the predicted reject rate for an operative with 12 months?

experience?

A 17% B 19% C 20% D 23% Answer：A

14.3 A regression equation Y = a + bX is used to forecast the value of Y for a given value of X.

Which of the following increase the reliability of the forecast?

(i) A correlation coefficienr numerically close to 1

(ii) Working to a higher number of decimal places of accuracy

(iii) Forecasting for values of X ouutside the range of those used in the sample (iv) A large smple is used to calculate the regression equation

A (i) only B (i) and (ii) only C (i) and (iii) only D (i) and (iv) only Answer：D 14.4 If

,

,

,

,

and n=4, what is the correlation coefficient ?

A 0.98 B -0.98 C 0.26 D 0.008 Answer：A

14.5 Using data from twelve European countries, it has been calculated that the correlation

between the level of car ownership and the number of road deaths is 0.73. Which of the statements shown follow from this?

(i) High level of car ownership cause high level of road deaths

(ii) There is a strong relationship between the level of car ownership and the number of

road deaths

(iii) 53% of the variation in the level of road deaths from one country to the next can be

explainted by the corresponding variation in the level of car ownership

(iv) 73% of the variation in the level of road deaths from one country to the next can be

explainted by the corresponding variation in the level of car ownership A (i) and (ii) only B (i) and (iii) only C (ii) and (iii) only D (ii) and (iv) only Answer：C

14.6 The regression equation Y=3+2X has been calculated from 6 pairs of values, with X ranging

from 1 to 10. The correlation coefficient is 0.8. It is estimated that Y=43 when X=20. Which of the following are true?

(i) The estimated is not reliable because X is outside the range of the data (ii) The estimated is not reliable because the correlation is low

(iii) The estimated is reliable

(iv) The estimated is not reliable because the sample is small

A (i) and (ii) only B (i) and (iii) only C (ii) and (iv) only D (i) and (iv) only Answer：D

14.7 In calculating the regression equation linking two variables, the standard formulae for the

regression coeffcients are given in terms of X and Y. Which of the following is true?

A X must be the variable which will be forecast B It does not matter which variable is which C Y must be the dependent variable

D Y must be the variable shown on the vertical axis of a scatter diagram Answer：C

14.8 A company used regression analysis to establish a total cost equation for budgeting purposes. Data for the past four months is as follow: Month Total cost Qauntity produced $?000 $?000 1 57.5 1.25 2 37.5 1.00 3 45.0 1.50 4 60.0 2.00 200.0 5.75 The gradient of the regression line is 17.14. What is the value of a? A 25.36

B 48.56 C 74.64 D 101.45 Answer：A

14.9 Regression analysis is being used to fine the line of the best fit (y=a+bx) from eleven pairs of

data. The calculations have produced the following information:

What is the value of ?a? in the equation for the line of best fit (to 2 decimal places)? A 0.63 B 0.69 C 2.33 D 5.33 Answer：C

14.10 Which of the following is a feasible value for the correlation cosfficient? A - 2.0 B - 1.2 C 0 D + 1.2 Answer：C

14.11 Over an 18-month period, sales have been found to have an underlying linear trend of y =

7.112+3.949x, where y is the number of its sold andx represents the month. Monthly deviations from trend have been calculated and month 19 is expected to be 1.12 times the trend value.