We stopped at Salt Lake City so that we could(might)visit the monument to seagulls. (目的状语从句)我们在盐湖城逗留，以便可以参观为海鸥修的纪念碑。

They have walked a long way, so that we are all tired. (结果状语从句)他们走了很长的路，所以都很累。

（3）当从句之前的so that可用in order that代替时，是目的状语从句；反之，是结果状语从句。 We now study hard so that we may work well in the future.(=We now study hard in order that we may work well in the future. (目的状语从句)我们现在努力学习是为了将来更好地工作。 (4)当so that之前有逗号时，是结果状语从句；反之，是目的状语从句

The story is very interesting, so that I like it very much.(结果状语从句)这部小说很有趣，因而我非常喜欢。

八、比较状语从句

比较状语从句一般由as…as(和一样)，not as/so…as(与……不一样)，than(比),the more…, the more…(越……越……)引导。

The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick.导师给我的提议比给狄克的好。

In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, the better our holiday will be.近几年旅游公司已成功地对我们灌输了去得越远，假日越好的观点。 John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. 如果说约翰的足球踢的不比大卫好，至少和他踢的一样好。

I can't run as/so fast as he can. 我不能跑得他那样快。 巧学Than后面的代词是用主格还是用宾格?

下列两句中，than分别用了I和me，两者都正确： ①She is older than me.(口语中常用) ②She is older than I(am)(较正式文体常用)

但是，在有些句子中，用主格和用宾格，句子会截然不同。 ①John likes Henry more than I. ②John likes Henry more than me.

我们知道，than用作连词，它的后面省略了一个比较(方式)状语从句。现在我们把以上两句补充完整。

①John likes Henry more than I like Henry.

②John likes Henry more than he likes me.

看得出，第一句的意思是：约翰比我更喜欢亨利。第二句的意思是：约翰喜欢亨利胜过喜欢我。那么，在什么情况下，than后面的人称代词用主格？什么情况下用宾格？

一、如果主句谓语是不及物动词，than后面的人称代词用主格或宾格均可，且意义无区别。 She draws better than I(me).它画得比我好。要注意：如果人称代词后面有all时，人称代词一般用宾格。

She draws better than them all.

二、如果主句谓语是及物动词，且than后面的名词或代词又与动词连用时，than后面的人称代词只能用主格。

He loves the dog more than his wife does.他比他的妻子更爱这条狗。

三、如果主句谓语是连系动词be, than后面的人称代词用主格或宾格均可，且意义无区别。 He is taller than I(me).他比我长得高。

四、如果主句谓语是及物动词，特别是like, love, hate等及物动词，than后面的人称代词用用主格或宾格均可， 但句意不同。逻辑上，这些及物动词既能与人称代词构成“主谓关系”，又能构成“动宾关系”。因此，用主格时，后面省去了主句中的谓语和宾语；用宾格时省去了句子的主语和谓语。

I like the boy better than she.=I like the boy better than she likes the boy.我比她更喜欢那个男孩。

I like the boy better than her.=I like the boy better than I like her.我喜欢那个男孩胜过喜欢她。

九、让步状语从句

让步状语从句由though，although，as，even if (though)，however，whatever，whoever，whenever，no matter +wh词，等引导。

1、even if, even though, although，though引导的让步状语从句

这四个词（词组）都有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思。even if和even though带有较强的意味，语气比although和though强。though比although通俗，但不如although正式,都不能和but连用，但可以和yet, still或nevertheless连用。可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。even if，even though所接的句子常用虚拟语气。

Although journalism seems like a good profession，I would prefer to be a teacher．虽然新闻业好像是一个很好的职业，但是我更喜欢当老师。

Although he is considered a great writer，his works are not widely read.虽然有人认为他是一个大作家，但是他的作品读得并不广泛。

We won't give up even if we should fail ten times.即使是我们失败十次，我们也不会放弃。 He might have given you more help，even though he was very busy．尽管他很忙，他可能给了你更多的帮助。

2、as或though引导让步状语从句

形容词 副词 动词 分词 名词 （1）由as或though引导让步状语从句用倒装语序

Much as I have traveled，I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.我虽然取得地方多，但是我从来没见过像约翰这么能干的人。

Proud as these nobles are, he is afraid to see me.这些贵族尽管很傲慢，他们却害怕见我。 （2）如果表语为单数可数名词，这个名词不带冠词

12-year-old girl as she is, she has had a good command of English.她虽然只是个12岁的女孩，但是她已经熟知英语。

Child as he is，he knows a lot.虽然他还是个孩子，却懂的很多。 (2)如果句中谓语包含情态动词或助动词，则将实意动词放在as之前 Try as I might，I couldn't lift the stone.我使多大劲儿也搬不动这块石头。 Praised as he was, he remained modest.他虽然受到表扬，但仍然保持着谦虚。

（4）如果句中谓语仅有实意动词，则将实意动词(原形)放在as之前，并在主语后面加助动词do, does, did或will。

Torture her as they did, the enemy got nothing out of her.虽然敌人拷打她，却没有能从她嘴里得到什么。

Fail as he did, he would never give up.尽管他失败了，但他决不会放弃。 注:但是，如果在这种情况下，句中谓语有副词修饰，则将副词放在as之前。

Again and again as he failed, he didn't lose heart.他虽然多次失败，但仍不灰心丧气。

Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely.我虽然佩服他的勇气，但是我认为他这样做是不明智的。

3、由no matter+ wh词和由疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句

由no matter引导，表示“不管；无论”；由疑问词＋ever引导，表示“不管，不论”。这类词有：whatever，whichever，whoever，however， whenever，wherever等,他们相当于no matter+ what（which，who，how，when， where），都不能与but，so，and等并列连词同时使用。

We'll have to finish the job, however(no matter how) long it takes. 不管需要多长时间，我们都一定完成这项工作。

No matter what(Whatever) you do, don't tell him that I told you this. 无论你做什么，别告诉他我对你说过这件事。

No matter how pure the water looks, I prefer not to drink it. 不管这水看起来多么纯净，我不喜欢喝它。 No matter where (Wherever) you go, I would keep you company.不管你到哪去，我都会陪着你。

+ as/though+ 主与+谓语 注意：no matter 可以和whether和if连用。

No matter whether(if) it snows or not, I shall start on the journey.不论下雪与否，我都将出发去旅行。 4、由whether．．．or引导让步状语从句

由whether．．．or引导让步状语从句表示“不论……还是”，提供两种对比的情况。

I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不论你和我一起来还是留在家中，我都要前往。

Whether we like a particular piece of news or not, all we have to do is sit in front of the tube and “let it happen”.不管我们喜欢不喜欢一条消息,我们所能做的只是坐在电视机前，“让它过去”。 十、条件状语从句

条件状语从句可以位于主句前面或后面。 1、 由if，unless引导

if 表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”（if not） You will be late unless you leave immediately.除非你立即走，否则，你会迟到。

The WTO can not live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.世贸组织如果不让一个拥有世界五分之一人口的国家加入，那它就名不符实。 If you don't hurry up, you'll be late. 如果你不快点，你就会晚了。 We'll go there unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我们就去那儿。

2、由suppose，supposing，as/so long as， providing, provided, on condition that和in case等引导

这类连词（词组）意思相近，有：“如果、假设、即使、在……条件下”等意义。 Suppose (Supposing) he is ill, what shall we do? 如果他病了，我们该怎么办？

You'll do all right, as long as you follow his advice.只要你听从他的劝告，你就会干得很好的。 In case John comes, please tell him to wait.假如约翰来了，请让他稍候。

You may keep the book a further week provided (that) no one else requires it. 倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话，你可以再续借一个礼拜。 十一、方式状语从句

方式状语从句一般由as(正如；按照)，as if/as though(好像),the way等引导。 1、as 和just as引导方式状语从句

这两个连词的意思是“如…，犹如…，正如…”（in the same manner that）。just as 比as的强调性更强。

You must do everything as I do.你们要照我这样去做。

Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases.正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样，空气是气体中最重要的一种。 2、as if 和as though引导方式状语从句

as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况；也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。