A: recycle(使再循环, 反复应用)on a large scale(比例,数值范围), B: stop the increase in human population.
C: practice water and energy conservation(守恒). D: all of the above. 正确答案是D
4. Which of the following is NOT a feature(特征,起重要作用)of the scientific method? A: hypothesis(假设)
B: conjecture(推测,猜想) C: controls
D: data collection 正确答案是B
5. The study of plant function is called A: taxonomy.(分类学) B: physiology.(生理学) C: anatomy.(解剖学) D: morphology.(形态学) 正确答案是D
6. Dendrochronology(树木年代学), or the study of tree rings, is an example of which branch of botany?
A: taxonomy.(分类学) B: physiology.(生理学) C: anatomy.(解剖学) D: ecology 正确答案是C
7. Which botanist is credited(信用)with naming and classifying(分类)plants? A: von Helmont B: Carson C: Malpighi D: Linnaeus 正确答案是D
8. What is the name of the book credited with increasing public awareness(知道)of the field of ecology?
A: Silent Spring
B: Species Plantarum C: Origin of Species 正确答案是A
9. Gregor Mendel is considered the founder of A: plant geography. B: plant genetics. C: cytology.
D: plant systematics 正确答案是B
10. Cell biology is also referred to as A: genetic engineering.
B: pteridology.(羊齿植物学) C: cytology(细胞学)
D: systematics (=taxonomy分类学) 正确答案是C
11. Plants will play an important role in space exploration because of their ability to A: generate(产生)oxygen B: produce drugs.
C: generate carbon dioxide(.二氧化物) D: produce fiber. 正确答案是A
12. The study of botany has its origins(起源, 由来)in which time period? A: Bronze(青铜)Age
B: Victorian Period(维多利亚女王时代) C: Stone Age(石器时代) D: Industrial Revolution 正确答案是C
Introduction Cell Structure Part B
1. In contrast(对比, 对照)to eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells: A: lack a nuclear envelope.(膜) B: lack genetic material
C: have mitochondria(线粒体) D: have chloroplasts
E: have complex chromosomes(染色体) 正确答案是A
2. When plants moved from the sea to the land, the most critical(危急的)environmental factor became: A: water.
B: carbon dioxide C: minerals D: oxygen. E: light
正确答案是A
3. The two major components(组成成分)of the vascular system are the: A: epidermis and cork B: xylem and phloem.
C: apical meristems and lateral meristems D: cuticle(表皮)and stomata. E: embryo(胚芽)and seed 正确答案是B
4. Primary growth refers to growth:
A: originating(起源, 发生)from apical meristems B: originating from the vascular cambium C: originating from the cork cambium
D: that is of primary importance to the plant
E: that results in the thickening of stems and roots 正确答案是A
5. Plant ______ is the study of the form of plants. A: physiology
B: taxonomy(分类学)
C: systematics(=taxonomy分类学) D: morphology(形态学) E: anatomy(解剖学) 正确答案是D
6. If each gamete(接合体, 配偶子)of a plant has 12 chromosomes, what is the haploid(单倍体,单一的)chromosome number of that plant? A: 3 B: 4 C: 6 D: 12 E: 24
正确答案是D
7. ______ are plastids(质体)that lack chlorophyll but contain carotenoid(类胡罗卜素)pigments.
A: Etioplasts [白色(质)体]
B: Chromoplasts(色素母细胞, 成色素细胞) C: Leucoplasts(白色体) D: Amyloplasts [造粉(质)体] E: Chloroplasts 正确答案是B
8. Most likely, mitochondria(线粒体)and chloroplasts evolved[由…发展(进化)]from: A: portions of the endoplasmic reticulum. (内质网) B: pieces of nuclei
C: fragments(碎片)of the plasma(血浆) membrane. D: oil bodies E: bacteria 正确答案是E
9. The ______ is the liquid material contained within the tonoplast.(液泡膜) A: matrix(基质) B: stroma(基质) C: cell sap(细胞液)
D: nucleoplasm (核原形质, 核浆) E: cytosol(细胞溶质,胞液) 正确答案是C
10. A principal(主要的)function of the Golgi bodies is the:
A: synthesis(合成) and secretion of cell wall polysaccharides(多醣,聚糖,多聚糖)other than cellulose(纤维素)
B: formation(形成)of ATP by oxidation(氧化)of organic(有机的)fuels (能源物质) C: conversion(转化)of radiant energy (光能)to chemical energy.
D: storage of lipids(脂质)as oil bodies
E: storage of water, ions(离子), and secondary metabolites(代谢物) 正确答案是A
11. In the cell wall, ______ molecules(分子)are united to form microfibrils (微纤维) A: xylan(木聚糖) B: pectin(胶质)
C: xyloglucan (glucan葡聚糖) D: cellulose
E: glycoprotein(糖蛋白类, 醣蛋白) 正确答案是D
12. Which of the following statements about the secondary wall is false? A: It usually is deposited(存放, 堆积)after the cell has stopped growing.
B: Glycoproteins(糖蛋白类, 醣蛋白) and enzymes(酶)are usually abundant constituents.(要素)
C: The protoplast(原生质体)may die after the secondary wall is laid down. D: It frequently has three distinct(清楚的)layers E: Pectins(胶质) are usually lacking. 正确答案是B
Plant Cells and Tissues Part A 1. Apical meristems consist of: A: initials(最初的)only B: primary meristems only.
C: immediate derivatives(派生物)only D: initials and primary meristems
E: initials and their immediate derivatives 正确答案是E
2. What three overlapping(重叠, 搭接) processes are involved(有关的)in development? A: cell division, cell enlargement, and cell differentiation
B: mitosis(有丝分裂), meiosis(.减数分裂) and fertilization(授精) C: mitosis, meiosis, and differentiation
D: growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation
E: primary growth, secondary growth, and morphogenesis(形态发生, 形态形成) 正确答案是D
3. The tissue that makes up the pith(木髓)and cortex(皮层)is: A: collenchyma B: xylem
C: parenchyma D: phloem
E: sclerenchyma. 正确答案是C
4. ______ is a type of ground tissue composed of cells having thick, often lignified secondary cell walls.
A: Collenchyma B: Xylem