10. Which process does NOT contribute to the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? A:burning

B:volcanoes（火山） C: monsoons（季风）

D:animal respiration（呼吸作用） 正确答案是C

11. What is the process whereby high light intensity（强度） bleaches（使变白）chlorophyll molecules（分子）?

A:photooxidation （光致氧化〈作用〉 , 感光氧化〈作用〉） B:Calvin cycle

C:photorespiration （光呼吸〈作用〉） D:CAM

正确答案是A

12. Which of the following occurs during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? A:water molecules are split（分解） B:ATP molecules are produced C:oxygen is released D:all of the above 正确答案是D

13. Where does the light-independent reaction take place? A:cytoplasm

B:stroma of the chloroplast

C:grana （叶绿体基粒）of the chloroplast D: cell membrane 正确答案是B

14. Photosynthetic pigments that gather and pass energy to the reaction center are called A:antennae （天线）pigments. B:photosystems. （光合体系） C:cytochromes.（细胞色素） D:electron transport chains 正确答案是A

15. Which of the following is NOT an electron transfer molecule in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? A:ferrodoxin

B:plastocyanin （质体蓝素〈一种在叶绿体的光合作用中作为电子传递体的含铜蛋白〉） C:cytochrome D:RUBP

正确答案是D

16. Krantz anatomy is associated with which metabolic（新陈代谢的） pathway? A:anaerobic（厌氧性的） respiration B:photolysis （光解作用） C:4-carbon pathway D:glycolysis （醣酵解） 正确答案是C

17. Where does the citric acid（柠檬酸） cycle take place? A:grana of the chloroplast B:cytoplasm

C:matrix of the mitochondria（线粒体） D:mitochondrial membrane 正确答案是C

18. Other than energy, what else is produced during anaerobic respiration? A:glucose（葡萄糖） B:alcohol

C:pyruvic acid

D:oxaloacetic acid （草酰乙酸, 丁酮二酸） 正确答案是B

19. Which of the following does NOT occur during glycolysis（醣酵解）? A:pyruvic acid formation

B:phosphorylation （磷酸化(作用)） C:sugar cleavage（分解） D:3PGA formation 正确答案是D Respiration Part A

1. The process by which energy is extracted（

萃取的） from organic compounds under anaerobic（无氧的） conditions is called: A:respiration

B:oxidative phosphorylation. （氧化磷酸化） C:fermentation（发酵）. D:glycolysis.（醣酵解） E:electron transport. 正确答案是C

2. Which of the following statements about glycolysis is false? A:It occurs in a series of ten steps.

B:It occurs in virtually （实质上）all living cells. C:It is an anaerobic （厌氧性的）process.

D: It involves the rearrangement and disassembly （分解,解体）of carbon skeletons.（基干） E:It evolved after the origin（起源, 由来） of mitochondria. 正确答案是E

3. For each molecule of glucose that completes glycolysis, how many molecules of ATP are converted to ADP? A:0 B:1 C:2 D:3 E:4

正确答案是C

4. Most of the enzymes（酶） of the Krebs cycle are: A: in the cytosol.（细胞溶质）

B: in the mitochondrial matrix.

C:contained between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. D:attached to the cristae（脊）.

E:attached to the outer mitochondrial membrane. 正确答案是B

5. In each turn of the Krebs cycle, how many molecules of ATP are produced by substrate（酶作用的）-level phosphorylation（磷酸化(作用)）? A:0 B:1 C:2 D:3 E:4

正确答案是B

6. In respiration, NADH and FADH2 carry their electrons from the Krebs cycle to: A:the cytosol. （细胞溶质） B:the mitochondrial matrix. C:the glycolytic pathway.

D: the electron transport chain. E:coenzyme A. 正确答案是D

7. The first component of the electron transport chain, receiving electrons from NADH, is: A:FMN B:FAD C:CoQ.

D:a cytochrome.

E:an iron-sulfur protein 正确答案是A

8. For each pair of electrons passing from FADH2 to oxygen, how many ATP molecules can be generated? A:1 B:2 C:3 D:4 E:5

正确答案是B

9. What two events take place in chemiosmotic （化学渗透假说的）coupling（接合, 耦合）? A:hydrolysis（水解） of ATP and reduction of oxygen B:oxidation （氧化）of NADH and reduction of oxygen C:oxidation of NADH and reduction of FMN

D:formation of a proton（质子） gradient （梯度）and synthesis of ATP

E:synthesis of pyruvate（丙酮酸盐(或酯)） and acetyl （乙酰基, 醋酸基）CoA 正确答案是D

10. In yeast（酵母）and most plant cells under anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate（丙酮酸盐(或酯)）formed from glycolysis is converted（修改的）to:

A:acetyl CoA

B:lactate （乳酸盐）

C:ethanol（酒精）and carbon dioxide D:ATP E:glucose. 正确答案是C Respiration Part B

1. The breaking down of sugar (C6H12O6) plus O2 during cellular respiration does not result in ___.

A:carbon dioxide B:glucose C:water D:ATP

正确答案是B

2. The final product of glycolysis（醣酵解） is ___. A:pyruvate（丙酮酸盐(或酯)） B:glucose C:ATP

D:sucrose （蔗糖） 正确答案是A 3. The majority（多数, 大半）of molecule conversions（变换, 转化） forming ATP occur during ___.

A:glycolysis

B:the movement of pyruvate across the mitochondrial membrane C:the Krebs cycle

D:the electron transport chain 正确答案是C

4. Which compound is not produced during the Krebs cycle? A:ubiquinol B:NADH C:ATP

D:pyruvate 正确答案是D

5. If a plant produces 1000 units of energy, then a herbivore（草食动物）could harvest up to ___ units of energy from that plant. A:1000 B:100 C:10 D:1

正确答案是B

6. Which by-product is released during glucose breakdown of cellular respiration? A:carbon dioxide B:oxygen

C:nitrogen（氮） compounds