D:wind

正确答案是D

12. Which fruit is classified as a drupe（核果）? A:tomato

B:cherry （樱桃） C:orange

D:watermelon （西瓜） 正确答案是B

13. A fruit that develops from many carpels of a single flower is classified as a (an) ___. A:multiple fruit B:drupe

C:schizocarp （分裂果） D:aggregate fruit 正确答案是D

14. The most important food crop in the world has a grain fruit type called ___. A:caryopsis （颖果） B:achene （瘦果） C:nut （坚果） D:legume （荚果） 正确答案是A

15. A perfect flower can be an incomplete flower. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

16. A flower with its sepals（萼片）, petals（花瓣）and stamen(s) inserted below the ovary is considered to have an inferior（下位的） ovary. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

17. A flower that appears darker toward the center to insects probably has nectar（花蜜） guides. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

18. Some plants produce a chemical that mimics the pheromone （信息素）of some insects. A:True B:False

正确答案是A Water in Plants

1. Molecules（分子） moving from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration are said to be moving against a diffusion （扩散）gradient（梯度）. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

2. During imbibition（吸入）, large molecules such as cellulose and starch will develop electrical

charges and attract （吸引）water molecules. A:True B:False

正确答案是A 3. Translocation（迁移, 移动） is the process whereby（为何） water vapor （水蒸气）is expelled from the leaf. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

4. The pressure-flow hypothesis（假设）states that organic solutes flow from a source（来源） to a sink（下沉）. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

5. Essential（本质的,基本的） elements are those nutrients that are needed by the plant in very small amounts. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

6. Commercial（商业的）fertilizer contains primarily nitrogen（氮）, phosphorous（磷）, and potassium（钾）. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

7. The pressure that develops against the cell wall as a result of water entering the vacuole （液泡）of the cell is called

A:osmotic potential （渗透压） B:plasmolysis.

C:pressure potential. D:diffusion. 正确答案是C

8. When a plant cell is placed in a salt solution, it looses water because A:the water potential inside the cell is greater than outside. B:the water potential outside the cell is great than inside. C:the pressure potential increases.

D:the vacuolar membrane is permanently （永久地）destroyed. 正确答案是A

9. Plants require water for

A:enzyme（酶） and chemical activity. B:cell content C: photosynthesis. D:all of the above 正确答案是D

10. The theory that explains the pulling force of water as it evaporates（蒸发） from leaves is

called the

A: root pressure theory.

B:cohesion（结合）-tension（张力, 牵力） theory C:pressure-flow hypothesis. D:active transport theory. 正确答案是B

11. Which of the following substances is associated with the deflation of guard cells? A:abscisic acid B:nitrogen

C:mannitol （甘露醇） D:proline （脯氨酸） 正确答案是A

12. Which element is associated with guard cell expansion （扩展）and deflation（缩小）? A:N B:P C:K D:N1

正确答案是C

13. Which type of plant might have a recessed stomatal apparatus? A:tropical B:desert

C:marine （海的） D:aquatic 正确答案是B

14. What is the term used to describe the loss of liquid water from the surface of a leaf? A:transpiration （蒸腾作用） B:bulk flow C:pressure flow D:guttation 正确答案是D

15. What is the name of the process whereby sugar enters sieve tubes by means of active transport?

A: phloem-loading B:guttation C:bulk flow

D:cohesion （凝聚） 正确答案是A

16. Which of the following elements is a macronutrient（大量营养素）? A:copper （铜） B:iron

C:magnesium （镁） D:manganese （锰） 正确答案是C

Plant Metabolism

1. Adenosine triphosphate（三磷酸腺苷） is the energy-storing molecule used by cells to do work and reproduce. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

2. While an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide could increase photosynthesis, it would also cause major climatic changes. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

3. Ninety percent of all water absorbed by plants is used in photosynthesis. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

4. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll a molecules absorb light, and transfer the energy to chlorophyll b. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

5. In the light-independent reaction, all sugar produced is stored in the form of starch. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

6. Leaves are green because they absorb green light wavelengths（波长）, and reflect red and violet（紫兰色） wavelengths. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

7. The products of aerobic respiration（有氧呼吸） are carbon dioxide, water, and energy. A:True B:False

正确答案是A

8. The three main steps of glycolysis（醣酵解） are hydrolysis（水解）, sugar cleavage（分裂）, and pyruvic acid formation（形成）. A:True B:False

正确答案是B

9. Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis? A:carbon dioxide B:light

C:chlorophyll D:all of the above 正确答案是D