动词的过去式(规则) +ed +d 去y+ied study - 动词的过去式(不规则) go-went read-read eat-ate sing-sang take-took buy-bought see-saw swim-swam am-was is-was are-were have-had get-got leave-left fly-flew watch-watched dance wash-washed clean-cleaned play-played visit-visited climb-climbed learn-learned row-rowed - danced studied 3、一般现在时:表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示主语的性格、能力、特征等,常与often, usually, always, every day, sometimes等时间状语连用。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时(he she it),应用动词的单数第三人称形式。
4、一般将来时:表示将要发生的动作或未来的情况、状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如this afternoon,tomorrow, tonight,next week等。 构成:be going to +动词原形 第一人称 第二人称 单数 I am going to… 复数 We are going to… You are going to… You are going to… 25
第三人称 He is going to… She is going to… It is going to… They are going to… 一般将来时还可以由助动词will+动词原形构成。 七:人称
人称代词 主格 第一 人称 第二 人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 I(我) we(我们) you(你) you(你们) he(他) 单数 第三 人称 it(它) it its(它的) their(他们的/她们的/它们的) she(她) 宾格 me us you you him her my(我的) our(我们的) your(你的) your(你们的) his(他的) her(她的) 物主代词 复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them 七:句型专项归类
1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:①I‘m a student. ②She is a doctor.
③ He works in a hospital. ④ There are four fans in our classroom. ⑤He will eat lunch at 12:00. ⑥ I watched TV yesterday evening.
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2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如: I‘m not a student. She is not (isn‘t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn‘t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren‘t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won‘t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn‘t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 ―not‖。有动词be的句子则―not‖加在be后面,可缩写成―isn‘t,aren‘t‖,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上―not‖,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如―don‘t , doesn‘t , didn‘t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中―does‖只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而―did‖只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用―did‖ 。
3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用―yes‖,或―no‖来回答。 如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I‘m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn‘t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn‘t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren‘t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren‘t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won‘t). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren‘t.
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Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn‘t. ☆注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中―does‖只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而―did‖只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用―did‖ 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what什么 , where哪里 , who谁 , which哪一个 , when什么时候 , whose谁的 , why为什么 , how如何等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用―yes 、no‖来回答。如: What is this? It‘s a computer. What does he do? He‘s a doctor.
Where are you going? I‘m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this? It‘s Amy‘s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? I‘m fine. / I‘m happy.
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