解析段落大意题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,本段主要写来自同一种族的供体器官接收者匹配更好。故选D项。

B

(2018天津部分区质量调查一)

Playing a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing in old age,a Canadian study suggests.The study,published in Psychology and Aging,carried out hearing tests on 74 adult musicians and 89 non-musicians.It found a 70-year-old musician’s hearing was as good as that of a 50-year-old who did not play.

Hearing normally declines as people age.By 60,10—30% of people have moderate hearing loss.By 80,that goes up to as many as 60%.Problems are particularly seen in the central auditory(听觉的) processing system,which is associated with understanding speech,especially when there is background noise.

Previous studies have shown musicians have better hearing than non-players.But this research,by a team at the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto,looked at adults of all ages—from 18 to 91—to see how people were affected as they aged.They carried out hearing tests on 74 amateur and professional musicians (who had played since the age of 16,were still practising and had been given formal music lessons) and 89 non-musicians (who had never played an instrument).Musicians were significantly better at picking out speech against noise.

The researchers suggest that lifelong musicianship reduces age-related changes in the brain,probably due to musicians using their auditory systems at a high level on a regular basis.

The head of biomedical research at Action on Hearing Loss,Dr.Ralph

Holme,said:“While this study suggests that musicians might be more able to cope with the consequences of hearing loss,it is far better to reduce damage in the first place by using appropriate ear protection.We have always campaigned for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud music to wear hearing protection,like earplugs,which reduce the risk of damaging your hearing permanently.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要告诉人们一项新的研究,听力会随着年龄而衰退,所以要正确地保护听力。

5.What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A.A person aged 80 will lose 30% hearing. B.A person aged above 60 must have bad hearing. C.People have fewer problems with background noise.

D.People’s hearing usually becomes worse when they get older. 答案D

解析段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Hearing normally declines as people age.Problems are particularly seen in the central auditory (听觉的) processing system,which is

associated with understanding speech,especially when there is background noise.”可知,人们的听力通常会随着年龄的增长而变得更糟。故选D项。 6.What can we get from the Canadian study? A.It tested the hearing of 162 people.

B.The finding of the study wasn’t published publicly. C.Playing a musical instrument may do good to hearing.

D.Musicians were as good at picking out speech against noise as non-musicians. 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Playing a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing in old age,a Canadian study suggests.”可知,演奏一种乐器有利于听力。故选C项。

7.Why don’t musicians change much in their brain as they age? A.They like to take more exercise.

B.They use their hearing more and regularly. C.They don’t expose themselves to background noise. D.They pay more attention to protecting their hearing. 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers suggest that lifelong musicianship reduces age-related changes in the brain,probably due to musicians using their auditory systems at a high level on a regular basis.”可知,音乐家的大脑没有很大的改变是因为他们经常有规律地使用他们的听力。故选B项。

8.How can we deal with hearing loss according to Dr.Ralph Holme? A.Get help from musicians. C.Protect hearing properly. 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“it is far better to reduce damage in the first place by using appropriate ear protection.We have always campaingned for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud music to wear hearing protection,like earplugs,which reduce the risk of damaging your hearing permanently.”可知,要正确地保护听力。故选C项。

9.The author wrote the passage to . A.entertain the readers

B.advertise a musical instrument C.complain about people’s hearing loss D.inform readers of a research on hearing

B.Listen to loud music less. D.Play a musical instrument more.

答案D 解析写作意图题。本文告诉人们一项新的研究,听力会随着年龄而衰退,所以要正确地保护听力。故选D项。 Ⅳ.短文改错

(2018河南濮阳三模)

I don’t remember exact how old I was when I began to ride a bike.I only remembered how I practiced riding a bike in 1980s.When I first successfully rode a bike,that remains a vivid memory,my brother helped me with holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding.“Wow,I did it!”,cried I,as soon as he noticed I was riding without his hands hold it!I learnt quickly,and soon,even though my feet were not touching the ground,but I was able to cycle around six kilometer a day to school!It’s so lovely to remember which happened at that time. 答案 I don’t remember

how old I was when I began to ride a bike.I only

1980s.When I first successfully rode

holding the back seat of

noticed I was

how I practiced riding a bike in

a bike,

remains a vivid memory,my brother helped me

the bike while I was riding.“Wow,I did it!” cried I,as soon as riding without his hands not touching the ground,

but

I was able to cycle around six remember Ⅴ.书面表达

(2018湖北宜昌4月调研)

假定你是李华,收到美国朋友Annie的邮件,以下是邮件内容: Dear Li Hua, How are you doing these days? happened at that time.

it!I learnt quickly,and soon,even though my feet were

a day to school!It’s so lovely to

I am so interested in traditional Chinese culture that I am trying to look for some relevant books to gain more insight into it,but I have difficulty finding a suitable one.Would you please give me a piece of advice?

Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated. Yours, Annie 请给Annie回一封邮件,内容包括: 1.感谢她的信任; 2.回应她的请求; 3.说明你的理由。 注意:

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Annie,

参考范文 Dear Annie,

In response to your keen interest in traditional Chinese culture,here comes my favorite book The Art of War.

Viewed as a masterpiece of the ancient Chinese military classic,the book was originally intended to manage conflicts and focus on fighting strategies on the battlefield,while today it has become as much a useful tool navigating our modern life as a war commanding art,giving us boundless inspiration and beneficial living philosophy we can live by.Great thoughts combined with shared wisdom have established its irreplaceable position in Chinese history,which,I think,will absolutely contribute to your better mastery of traditional Chinese culture.

Hopefully it may cater to your taste.

Yours, Li Hua