Usually, under the following situations, the turnover can be deferred or even postponed:

(1) If the officer on which has reason to believe that the relieving officer is obviously not able to carry out his duties effectively. (2) When bridge maneuver is taking place, turnover of watch must be deferred until the action is completed and the ship is in a safe condition for the relief of the watch to take place.

55. Under what situations should you as the officer on watch reduce the ship’s speed? Can you give some examples?

The OOW should not hesitate to use engine to reduce the speed for safety. Some examples are:

(1) When the ship meets restricted visibility (2) When the ship is in heavy traffic area (3) When the ship is in a close quarter situation

56. What actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expected?

The following actions should be taken. (1) Call or notify the master

(2) Stand by engine and sail at safe speed (3) Switch on the navigational lights (4) Switch on and sound fog signals (5) Switch on ARPA and Radar

(6) Shift to manual steering for maneuver (7) Post additional lookout

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57. What precautions should be taken 12 hours before arrival at or departure from any port?

Tests on the following should be made before entering or getting underway: (1) Primary and secondary steering gear.

(2) Internal control communications and control alarm. (3) Standby and emergency generator.

(4) Storage batteries for emergency lighting. (5) Main propulsion ahead and astern.

58. What should you do in case of steering failure?

When steering failure occurs, I shall immediately inform the engine room to change to the emergency steering gear. In the meantime I shall report to the master. If no further incidents occur, I will get the signals hoisted for a vessel not under command.

59. Do you know something about the internal and the external audit? Internal audit is a systematic check of the management and operation situation of the vessel. The internal audit, as I remember, is carried out at least once a year. The external audit is carried out the Classification of the vessel. The surveyor of the Class usually come on board the check. 60. What is safety speed during sailing? What factors should you consider in deciding the speed of a vessel during sailing in the sea? The safe speed is the speed at which the vessel can take proper and effective actions to be stopped in a safe distance. The following factors should be taken into account to achieve safe speed: visibility, number of ships in the area, the ship’s maneuverability, wind force, sea tide and current, background lights, draught and available depth of water, proximity

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