任何国家都不应自称一贯正确。
2）The stars twinkled in transparent clarity. 星星在清澈的晴空中闪烁。
3）She wondered whether her outspokenness might be a liability to Franklin.（―The
Glory and the Dream‖）
她怀疑自己那么心直口快，是否会成为弗兰克林的包袱。
4）This rambling propensity strengthened with years.（Washington Irving） 年龄增添，游兴更浓。
5）In America, Wang computers have become a fixture in offices throughout the
country.（R.Reagan）
在美国，王安公司的电子计算机已成为各地办公室的必备之物。 6）On March 1, Nixon internationalized his approach to China. 3月1日，尼克松把他对中国问题的看法扩大到国际范围里了。
7）To the Chinese, theirs was not a civilization, but the civilization.（R.Nixon: The
Awakening Giant）
中国人认为他们的文化不是文化中的一种，而是唯一的文化。
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四、用形象性词语使抽象意义具体化（figuration）。汉语虽较缺乏抽象词语，但形象性词语（如比喻、成语、歇后语等）却相当丰富。汉语常常借助这类生动具体的词语来表达英语抽象笼统的意义。举例 如：
1）He was open now to charges of willful blindness. 这时人们指责他装聋作哑。
2）He waited for her arrival with a frenzied agitation. 他等着她来，急得象热锅上的蚂蚁。 3）I talked to him with brutal frankness. 我对他讲的话，虽然逆耳，却是忠言。
4）I ask gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force
us to submission?（P. Henry）
请问诸位先生，摆出这种张牙舞爪的阵势，如果不是为了使我们屈服，还有什么目的呢？
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disintegration 土崩瓦解 ardent loyalty 赤胆忠心 far-sightedness 远见卓识
perfect harmony 水乳交融 impudence 厚颜无耻，不要脸 careful consideration 深思熟虑 total exhaustion 筋疲力尽 feed on fancies 画饼充饥 with great eagerness 如饥似渴 offend public decency 伤风败俗 make a little contribution 添砖加瓦 on the verge of destruction 危在旦夕 a wait with great anxiety 望穿秋水 lack of perseverance 三天打鱼，两天晒网
英译汉时，这种“化虚为实”的方法往往可以通行文、添文采，增加译文的可读性；汉译英时，“化实为虚”的方法则常常可以化症结、消梗滞，提高转换的可译性，如：
1）他这一阵心头如同十五个吊桶打水，七上八下，老是宁静不下来。（周而复：《上海的早晨》）
His mind was in a turmoil these days and he was quite unable to think straight. 2）唉，那是客臣的井蛙之见喽，所谓“情人眼里面出西施”啦。（郭沫若：《屈原》） Alas, that was owing to my ignorance, that is what is called partiality. 抽象译法
为了译文的忠实与通顺，我们往往有必要把原文中带有具体意义或具体形象的单词，词组等。进行抽象化处理，这种翻译方法就是抽象译法。例如： 1.这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗？
That?s a business of their own.. Why should you get involved in it？ 2..I was practically on my knees but he still refused.
我几乎是苦苦哀求，但他仍然拒绝。
3.I must bare my heart to someone, or I shall go mad!
我必须跟谁说说这件事，否则我都要疯了。
4.By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband. 她就这样离间这对夫妇。
5.Please don‘t wake a sleeping dog. 不要无事生非。
A. Translate the following sentences into Chinese，paying special attention to the underlined word/s..
1. Were it left tome to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government , I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. 译
2. No one is satisfied with his favoritism in his work. 译
3. The publishing house has to take the readability of novel into consideration. 译
4. His arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness. 译
5.We have winked at these irregularities too long; from now on they will have to stop.译
6．There seems to have been an absence of attempt at conciliation between rival sects.（―Daily Telegraph‖）（=The sects seem never even to have tried mutual conciliation）译
7．The absence of intelligence is an indication of satisfactory developments.（=No news is good news） 译
8．The actual date of the completion of the purchase should coincide with the availability of the new facilities.（=The purchase should not be completed until the new facilities are available）译
9．These problems defy easy classification.译
10．The sight of his native place called back his childhood.译
11．He spoke with firmness, but his face was very sad and his eyes at times were dim. 译
12．This is the day for our two people to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and a better world.（R. Nixon）译
13．When young he quitted his home and traveled to the metropolis, which he reached in a state of almost utter destitution. 译
14. A Canadian was arrested after his death threats against the former U.S. president had been made over the Internet. 译
15. Eating anywhere in China can be such a zesty, tasty experience that words do no justice.译
B.. Translate the following excerpt from Gone With The Wind into Chinese. Gone With The Wind (In John Wilkes? barbecue, Twelve Oaks.)
Ashely: Scarlett, who are you hiding from here? What are you up to ? Why aren?t you upstairs resting with the other girls? What is it, Scarlett, secret? Scarlett: Ashley, Ashley, I love you. Ashely: Scarlett. Scarlett: I love you, I do.
Ashely: Well, isn?t it enough that you?ve gathered every other man?s heart today? You?ve always had mine, you cut your teeth on it.
Scarlett: Don?t tease me now. Have I your heart, my darling? I love you. I love you. Ashely: You mustn?t say such things. You?ll hate me for hearing.
Scarlett: I never hate you. I know you must care about me. Oh, you do care, don?t you? Ashely: Yes, I care. Oh, can?t we go away and forget that we?ve ever said these things? Scarlett: How can we do that? Don?t you, don?t you want to marry me? Ashely: I?m going to marry Melanie.
Scarlett: But you care not her as you care for me.
Ashely: Oh, my dear. Why must you make me say things that will hurt you? How can I make you understand? You are so young and unthinking. You don?t know what marriage means. Scarlett: I know I love you. I want to be your wife. You don?t love Melanie. Ashely: She?s like me, Scarlett. She?s part of my blood. We understand each other. Scarlett: But you love me.
Ashely: How could I help loving you? You are all the passion for life that I lack. But that kind of love is not enough to make a successful marriage for two people who as different as we are.
Scarlett: Why don?t you say you are a coward? You are afraid of marrying me. You?d rather live with that little fool who can?t open her mouth except to say “yes” or “no” and raise a pastel of mealy-mouthed brats just like her.
Ashely: You mustn?t say things like that about Melanie.
Scarlett: Who are you to tell me I mustn?t? You led me on. You make me believe you wanted to marry me.
Ashely: Scarlett, be fair. I never ask any time…
Scarlett: You did. It?s true, you did. I?ll hate you till I die. I can?t think of any exact name to call you. (Ashely leaves. Scarlett throws a vase to the wall in anger. The crashing of the vase startles Rhett. He rises up from the couch in a dark corner of the room.)