C .The tramp deserved a happy Christmas. D. The store was responsible for what happened

C

Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.

For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.

Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!

Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?

55.According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an

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effect?

A．Someone puts on a heavy jacket. B．Someone works in the penguin pen.

C．Someone will go outside into cold weather. D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.

56.Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?

A．He bullied another student. B．He is going shopping.

C．His is being picking up early. D．He is being given a prize.

57. What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?

Astory.

C

looking for his dad.

58. Which of the following is cause and effect?

A．Tony got up and had a glass of water. B．We came home and found him sleeping. C．The ball was lost and a window was broken. D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.

D

“It’s over! Thank goodness!” school was over and I was tired. I sat at the front of the school bus.

Janie, the driver, tries to break the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of talks. I try to listen politely, but usually I am too busy thinking about my day. On this day, however, her talk was worth listening.

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．He was going

outside. B．He was reading a

．

He

was

sleepwalking. D．He was

“My father’s ill ,” she said to no one in particular(特别地). I could see worry in her eyes. I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students with a smile.

With a sudden change of interest, I asked, “What’s wrong with him?” With her eyes wet and her voice unusual, she answered, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes lowered as she continued. “I’ve already lost my mum, so I don’t think I can stand losing him.” I couldn’t answer. My heart ached for her.

I sat on the seat thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I wouldn’t want to anyone to go through that.

Suddenly I realized Janie wasn’t only a bus driver, that was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares too.

I shouldn’t have been so selfish.. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.

I shouldn’t have been so selfish and self-centered.

Understanding people is an art.

59.When the students get on the school bus, Janie usually________. A. listen to music B. talks about her own story.

C. sits on her seat without words D.meets them with a smile 60. After she learned Janie’s story, the writer thought of _________.. A. her father’s death B. her mother’s pain C. the ache of her own heart D. the pain of Janie’s parents 61.The writer felt herself selfish because she had________.

A. though of Janie as nothing but a river B. made a few friends at school

C. hardly though of herself D.never listened to others 62.In the passage the writer tries to tell us that ________.

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A. losing parent makes people sad and helpless B. Understanding the people around us takes time.

C. We should learn to understand the people around us. D.it is not right to judge the people around us by their clothes.

E

Ladies and gentlemen，I return to this year in a time machine .In the year 2500,we are able to travel through time to any year in the history of the earth. This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the earth.

Beginning in the middle of 20th century ,a few people were worried about polluting the earth’s water and air ,but most people did not change their ways of life .Instead, they continued to pour dangerous chemicals and other wastes into lakes and seas, to drive more and more cars and trucks, and to cut down trees.

By the year of 2200,the earth’s water was completely polluted. People could no longer drink water, and they had to use other types of liquids. Scientist said that in the future there will be too many people on the earth But not enough was done

So ,by the year of 2300,there were so many people that food became scare .There was no water to grow food and all of the fishes in the lakes and seas died because of pollution. Terrible wars（战争） broke out between the rich and the poor. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live.

By the year 2400,the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave the earth. But only the rich were able to leave. Where did we go? No –where. You see scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe in our spaceships .We were still looking for a place to call our home.

So it is up to you to change history. There is sill hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.

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