cultures and different languages.

19.The brain's neurological specialization for language is called linguistic I ________, which is specific to human beings.

20.In order to acquire a second language, learners will subconsciously use their first language knowledge in learning a second language. This is know as language t________.

三、判断说明题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。)判断下列各题正误，正者在括号内写“T”，误者在括号内写“F”，并说明理由。

( )21.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form. ( )22.In English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a long vowel such as/i:/,the larynx is in a state of tension.

( )23.A compound is the combination of only two words.

( )24.―The student‖ in the sentence ―The student liked the linguistic lecture.‖,and ―The linguistic lecture‖ in the

sentence ―The linguistic lecture liked the student.‖belong to the same syntactic category.

)25.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.

( )26.An important difference between presupposition and entailment is that presupposition, unlike entailment, is not vulnerable to negation. That is to say, if a sentence is negated, the original presupposition is still true.

( )27.The division of English into Old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.

( )28.Language reflects sexism in society. Language itself is not sexist, just as it is not obscene; but it can connote sexist attitudes as well as attitudes about social taboos or racism.

( )29.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on. ( )30.When children learn to distinguish between the sounds of their language and the sounds that are not part of the language, they can acquire any sounds in their

native language once their parents teach them.

四、名词解释题(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。)

31.cultural transmission (as a defining feature of human language)

32.phonic medium of language 33.voicing

34.inflectional morphemes 35.reference 36.locutionary act 37.protolanguage 38.ethnic dialect 39.registers 40.acculturation

五、论述题(本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。)

41.Why do we say tree diagrams are more advantageous and informative than linear structure in analyzing the constituent relationship among linguistic elements? Support your statement with examples.

42.Describe the process of language perception, comprehension and production

英语语言学试题（9）

语言学试题及参考答案

I. Directions : Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%)

1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________. A. a particular language B. the English language C. human languages in general D. the system of a particular language

2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.

A. voiceless, bilabial, stop