ground. I would fight anyone from a third cousin upwards tooth and nail. Francis Hancock, for example, knew that.

When he gave us our air-guns Atticus wouldn’t teach us to shoot. Uncle Jack instructed us therefore; he said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns. Atticus said to Jem one day, “I’d rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you’ll go after birds. Shoot all the blue jays you want, if you can hit them, but remember it’s a sin（罪过）to kill a mockingbird.”

That was the only time I ever heard Atticus say it was a sin to do something, and I asked Miss Maudie about it.

“Your father’s right,” she said. “Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs, they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.” 61. Who is telling the story? A. Francis Hancock. C. Scout Finch.

B. Tom Robinson. D. Miss Maudie.

62. What did the children think of their father Atticus in the beginning? A. He was not manly or skilled. B. He was willing to fight for his family. C. He was interested in nothing in his spare time. D. He was still energetic though he was nearly 50.

63. What does the underlined word “complimentary” in the 6th paragraph probably mean? A. Reasonable argument.

B. Good remarks. D. Strong criticism. B. disabled but devoted D. harmless and helpful D

Computer security is a contradiction in terms. The arrival of the “Internet of Things” will see computers baked into everything from road signs and MRI scanners to artificial body parts and insulin（胰岛素）pumps. There is little evidence that such equipment will be any more trustworthy than desktop computers. Hackers have already proved that they can take remote control of connected cars and pacemakers.

However, it is tempting to believe that the security problem can be solved with yet more technical wizardry（魔法）and a call for further watchfulness. And it is certainly true that many firms still fail to take security seriously enough. That requires a kind of lasting insistence which

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C. Wrong judgment. A. able but modest C. intelligent and entertaining

64. Mockingbirds can be compared to people who are _______.

does not come naturally to non-tech firms. Actually, there is no way to make computers completely safe. Software is hugely complex. Across its products, Google must manage around 2 billion lines of source code—errors are unavoidable. The average program has 14 separate bugs, each of them a potential point of illegal entry. Such weaknesses are worsened by the history of the internet, in which security was an afterthought.

This is not necessarily in despair. The risk from cheats, car accidents and the weather can never be avoided completely either. But societies have developed ways of managing such risk—from government regulation to the use of legal liability（责任）and insurance to create more safer behaviours.

Start with regulation. Governments’ first priority is to control from making the situation worse. Terrorist attacks often bring calls for codes to be weakened so that the security services can better monitor what individuals are up to. But it is impossible to weaken codes for terrorists alone. The same protection that guards messaging programs like WhatsApp also guards bank business and online identities. Computer security is best served by encoding that is strong for everyone.

The next priority is setting basic product regulations. A lack of professional knowledge will always block the ability of computer users to protect themselves. So governments should promote “public health” for computing. They could insist that internet-connected contents be updated with fixes when faults are found. They could force users to change default（默认）usernames and passwords. Reporting laws, already in force in some American states, can require companies to report when they or their products are hacked, which encourages them to fix a problem instead of burying it.

Most important, the software industry has for decades disclaimed liability for the harm when its products go wrong. Such an approach has its benefits. Silicon Valley’s fruitful “go fast and break things” style of innovation is possible only if firms relatively have freedom to put out new products while they still need perfecting. But this point will soon be illegal. As computers spread to products covered by established liability arrangements, such as cars or domestic goods, the industry’s disclaimers will increasingly be against existing laws.

Firms should recognize that, if the courts do not force the liability issue, public opinion will. Fortunately, the small but growing market in cyber-security insurance offers a way to protect consumers while preserving the computing industry’s ability to innovate. A firm whose products do not work properly, or are repeatedly hacked, will find its insurance rising, urging it to solve the problem. A firm that takes reasonable steps to make things safe, but which is damaged nevertheless, will ask for an insurance payout that will stop it from going bankrupt（破产）. It is here that some problems could perhaps be negotiated. Once again, there are examples: when countless claims against American light-aircraft firms threatened to bankrupt the industry in the 1980s, the government changed the law, limiting their liability for old products.

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One reason computer security is so bad today is that few people were taking it seriously yesterday. When the internet was new, that was forgivable. Now that the consequences are known, and the risks posed by bugs and hacking are large and growing, there is no excuse for repeating the mistake. But changing attitudes and behavior will require economic tools, not just technical ones.

65. The first paragraph mainly tells us __________. A. computers are used more widely B. computers may never be secure C. future computers are less trustworthy D. computer hackers are almost everywhere

66. Which is the reason for the computer security problem nowadays? A. People tend to rely on technical solutions. B. Technology firms take security less seriously. C. Warnings from relevant departments are absent. D. The software developers lack afterthoughts.

67. What will happen if codes are weakened according to the passage? A. Terrorist attacks are sure to occur more often. B. Security services can’t monitor people’s behaviors. C. Important information may not be guarded safely. D. Computer users won’t grasp the professional knowledge. 68. The underlined part in the 6th Paragraph implies . A. the liability rules can be established soon B. users probably enjoy more new products C. firms can legally escape promoting innovation D. courts haven’t power to interfere firm’s freedom 69. What can we know about cyber-security insurance? A. It frees consumers from being attacked from hackers. B. It offers firms funds to improve the ability of innovation. C. It protects firms willing to solve problems from the collapse. D. It increases the economic burden of the technology firms. 70. What’s the author’s preferred solution to computer security? A. Raising users’ full awareness of encoding. B. Reporting hackers’ attacks to high-tech firms. C. Urging firms to further improve faulty products. D. Strengthening economic means further.

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第二卷（非选择题，共35分）

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Four Well-Being Workouts

Relieving stress and anxiety might help you feel better—for a bit. Martin E.P. Seligman, a professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, explored how well-being（幸福感） consists not merely of feeling happy, an emotion that can be momentary, but of experiencing a sense of contentment in the knowledge that your life is colorful and has meaning beyond your own pleasure. To cultivate（培育）it, he suggests these four exercises.

Write down a story about a time when you were at your best. It doesn’t need to be a life-changing event but should have a clear beginning, middle and end. Reread it every day for a week, and each time ask yourself some questions. Writing down the answers “puts you in touch with what you’re good at,” Dr. Seligman explained. The next step is to consider how to use these strengths to your advantage, intentionally organizing and structuring your life around them. “A week later, a month later, six months later, people had on average lower rates of depression and higher life satisfaction,” Dr. Seligman said. “Possible mechanisms could be more positive emotions. People like you more, relationships go better, life goes better.”

Set aside 10 minutes before you go to bed each night to write down three things that went really well that day. Next to each event answer the question, “Why did this good thing happen?”

Instead of focusing on life’s lows, which can increase the likelihood of depression, the exercise “turns your attention to the good things in life, so it changes what you attend to,” Dr. Seligman said. “Consciousness is like your tongue: It rolls around in the mouth looking for a cavity（龋洞）, and when it finds it, you focus on it. Imagine if your tongue went looking for a beautiful, healthy tooth.” Polish it.

Think of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked. Write a letter describing what he or she did and how it affected your life, and how you often remember the effort. Then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person. “It’s common that when people do the gratitude visit both people weep out of joy,” Dr. Seligman said. Why is the experience so powerful? “It puts you in better touch with other people, with your place in the world.”

Responding constructively was inspired by the work of Shelly Gable, a social psychologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who has extensively studied marriages and other close relationships. The next time someone you care about shares good news, give what Dr. Gable calls an “active constructive response.” That is, instead of saying something passive, express real

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