A．European explorers brought diseases there. B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly. C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned. D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．”可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。
3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest? A．It has the largest number of species. B．It covers over 5% of South America. C．It is becoming larger in area. D．It is being endangered now.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at the present rate...in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。
4．What may be included in the following paragraph? A．Examples of destroying forests. B．Measures to protect rainforests. C．New settlements in the Amazon region. D．Ways to stop global warming.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么本文接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·郑州一中摸底测试) Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness. Here are some suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness.
Reach out to others, but start small. A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind you in line at the cafeteria won’t make you best friends. 1.________ It also can make it easier to interact the next time.
Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don’t belong, try joining a special interest group. Maybe it’s the drama club or the marching band. 2.________
Find other ways of making connections. Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship. Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others. 3.________ Teach a child reading. Take notes for a disabled classmate. You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out to others in these ways.
4．________ Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. That’s why it’s important to know how to select a friend. The best friendships are those based on similar values and attitudes.
You get what you expect, so expect the best. If you expect others to be friendly, you will behave in similar ways.
5．________ It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and connect with others.
A．But it will make you both feel pretty good. B．So consider becoming a volunteer. C．Some teens aren’t so adaptable, however. D．Encourage people to be friendlier to you. E．Choose the right people.
F．For most young people, loneliness is only temporary. G．Look for a group that allows you to ease gradually. 【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了应对孤独的一些建议。
1．A 解析：根据语境可知，空前一句和空后的“It also can make it easier to interact the next time.”存在逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“但是它将使你们都感到很好”符合语境。
2．G 解析：根据上文“Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don’t belong, try joining a special interest group.”可推知，作者建议找一个让自己觉得舒服的团体，所以选G项。
3．B 解析：根据上文“Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others.”可知，帮助他人会让孤独者更易被接纳和喜欢。故B项“因此考虑做一名志愿者”衔接下文“Teach a child reading. Take notes for a disabled classmate.”。
4．E 解析：根据下文“Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. That’s why it’s important to know how to select a friend.”可推知，选对朋友对孤独者尤其重要，他们缺的不是特定数量的朋友，而是高质量的友谊，所以选E项。
5．F 解析：由空后的“It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social
world and connect with others.”可推知，青少年的孤独是暂时的，随着他们学会如何通过社会阅历找到自己的道路和与他人建立关系，孤独就会不复存在，所以选F项。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·长沙统一模拟)Welcome to the Great Wall. Measured more than 6，000 kilometers in length, the Great Wall is known as the long wall in the world. It has a long history of more than 2，000 years. That is amazing about the Great Wall is that it is main made of stones and bricks, and all the construction was done by hand. Though it was used to protect the country from foreign invaders, every few hundred meters along with the Great Wall, there was a watchtower. Now, as symbol of China, the Great Wall will become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. It is no wonderful that the Great Wall attract hundreds of thousands of foreign tourists every year.
答案：
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Ⅳ.书面表达
(2020· 洛阳、许昌第一次质检)假定你是李华，外国交换生Tony想参加你校的社团以学习中国文化。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．校社团情况介绍； 2．活动的时间、地点； 3．报名方法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
wonderfulattract
that the Great Wall hundreds of thousands of foreign tourists
wonderattracts
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： Dear Tony，
I’m glad to learn that you’re interested in our school clubs. Here are the brief introductions. There are four clubs with the themes of Chinese culture for lovers of kung fu, cooking, paintings and handwriting in our school. Each club provides regular training courses. The clubs can not only enrich your knowledge of Chinese traditional culture, but also make your school life colorful and interesting. The activities start at 3：00 p．m. and last 1.5 hours every Friday in Teaching Building 1.If you are interested in any club above, just sign up on our school website before 18th, October. Welcome to join us.
Yours， Li Hua