一、 英语的句子成分：

一） 主语：

Walls have ears. ( )

He will take you to the hospital. （ ） Three plus four equals seven. （ ） To see is to believe. （ ）

Smoking is not allowed in public places. （ ）

Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （ ）

二）谓语动词由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。

Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again.

Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.

三）表语 它的位置在__________之后。是用来说明主语的________,_______, ________的. My father is a professor. ( ) Who's that? It's me. ( )

Everything here is expensive. ( ) The match became very exciting.( )

The story of my life may be of help to others.( ) Three times five is fifteen. ( )

His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )

My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( )

（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词后也会跟宾语。

She covered her face with her hands.( ) We haven't seen her for a long time. ( ) Do you mind opening the window? ( ) Give me four please. ( )

He wants to dream a nice dream. ( )

We need to know what others are doing. ( ) We should care more about our friends. ( )

（五）定语 是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。 They are woman workers. （ ）

Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. （ ） Mary is a beautiful girl.. （ ） The play has three acts. ( )

This is her first trip to Europe. ( ) China is a developing country. ( ) I have nothing to eat. ( )

Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. ( )

六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。 The best fish swim near the bottom. ( ) I left the village five years ago. ( )

I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( ) We'll send a car to fetch you. ( )

The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( ) The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( ) If he goes, so will I . ( )

Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( )

七）宾语补足语

英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成___________。 They elected me captain of the team. ( ) We try to make our country strong. ( )

We found everything in good order there. ( ) I should advise you to get the chance. ( ) I saw him going upstairs. ( )

八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语 I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong. 二、简单句的五种基本句型

1．主语 + 系动词 + 表语

1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways. 主语 系动词 表语 2）The city will become rich.

主语 系动词 表语

在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：

“变化”类：______________________________________________.

“感官”类: ______________________________________________. “持续”类：___________________________________________. 其他：（似乎）________ _______ (证明是)_________

你的故事听起来很有趣。____________________________________.

把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。________________________________________. 这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。__________________________________________. 这个计划证明是可行的。__________________________________________.

2．主语 + 谓语

1）Building has started.

主语 谓语

2）The train leaves at 7:40.

主语 谓语

______搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child walks very slowly.

_____搭配：The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.

我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘 里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴. ____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________.

3．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

1）The boss employed five more workers.

主语 谓语 宾语

2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.

3）Few students like taking exams. 4）He forgot to close the door.

5）I hope I can speak English fluently.

他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。______________________________________. 他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。__________________________________________. 他许诺给我一个礼物。________________________________________________.

4．主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语

2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal.

主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语

3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.

4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese. 可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask, answer, give, offer, send, bring, pass, tell, show, teach, promise

顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_________________________________________. 下学期谁教你们生物？___________________________________________.

Mr. White告诉我为什么他要出国。_____________________________________. 5．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语

1）The villagers didn’t allow them to do this.

主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语

2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very good pupil. 4）She let me stay in the company. 5）We kept the room clean.

6）We heard the girl singing the song. 7）He got his hair cut short.

该句型中的“宾语 + 宾语补足语”又叫做“__________”

他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。______________________________________. 我建议他多读点书。__________________________________________. 他修了机器。___________________________________________.

我们选他当班长。________________________________________________.