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A. Restoring the child’s faith.

B. Getting social in the home-school D. Tailoring the courses to kids’ needs.

.

C. Challenging the road less traveled.

62. 123Homeschool4Me is likely to be quite appealing to the readers due to A. simplified lesson plans and fun activities

B. interesting games and affordable worksheets

C. free teaching resources and practical suggestions

D. detailed curriculum plans and free homeschooling

(C)

Changing the Game

On a warm September evening in London, The Arch climbing wall, just south of the River

Thames, is packed. Scores of people wander around on the thick crash pads, chatting, waiting their turn and offering the odd shout of encouragement to those clinging on to the colourful climbing walls.

Rock climbing was once classified as an “extreme sport”. But indoor centres like The Arch, which offer climbing without the need for rocks, are bringing it into the mainstream. The British Mountaineering Council estimates there are at least 248 public climbing walls in Britain, a number that has risen by 30% since 2010. In 2020 the sport’s governing bodies are hoping to see an even bigger increase in interest. Along with skateboarding, surfing and karate（空手道）, rock climbing will be making its first appearance as an Olympic sport at the summer games in Tokyo.

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is frank about the ambition to appeal to a younger crowd who may be less familiar with longer-standing sports such as athletics and weightlifting. The crowd at the Arch is exactly what the IOC has in mind: mostly young professional letting off steam after work, who see climbing as a more engaging ans sociable alternative to jogging on running machines or pumping iron in a gym. Between them, the new sports will mean another 18 events and 474 athletes at the Tokyo games.

Officially, all four sports are delighted with their new status. But with the exception of karate, all of them have counter-cultural, anti-establishment roots. Some stars have wondered whether accepting the Olympic torch means going against their beliefs. Owen Wright, a famous surfer, has said that surfing is more art form than sport, and therefore not suitable for the games - though he

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has since gone back on his word, and hopes to represent Australia in Tokyo.

Adam Ondra, a Czech who is one of the world’s climbers, said he might steer clear of the games because of the format. The eventual Olympic champion will have to master all the three disciplines including bouldering (climbing without a rope, low to the ground, with a focus on hard, gymnastic moves), lead climbing (roped climbing up a tall wall of increasing difficulty) and speed climbing. Bouldering and lead climbing feature new routes in each stage of a competition, in an effort to imitate the variety of real rock. But speed climbing takes place on a standard, unvarying course. Because of this, said Mr. Ondra, “speed is a kind of artificial discipline ... and this is against the soul of climbing.”

Skateboarders, also notably rebellious, can be strikingly young. Sky Brown is set to become Britain’s youngest Olympian and has settled down to training. By the time of the Tokyo games, she will have turned 12.

63. Which of the following statements is true about rock climbing？ A. It originated in The Arch, a sports centre on the River Thames.

B. It has evolved from a mainstream sport into an extreme sport.

C. Spectator’s encouragement contributes to its rapid expansion.

D. The increase in climbing walls reflects a growing interest in it.

64. IOC introduced rock climbing into the Olympics in order to

A. familiarize the global population with the new sport

B. attract young people who lack interest in traditional sports

C. enable the young to let off their energy after work

D. challenge the dominant status of traditional sports

65. What can you infer from the star athletes’ responses according to the passage?

A. Surfers are expected to strike a balance between art and sport in the Olympics.

B. Rock climbers must be self-disciplined if they are to win the championship.

C. Adam believes that the soul of climbing consists in its harmony with nature.

D. Strikingly young skateboarders have an advantage over other opponents.

66. What is the passage mainly about?

A. With the addition of new Olympics sports, stars are divided on whether to participate.

B. Rock climbing, skateboard, surfing and karate are accepted as Olympics sports.

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C. Extreme sports athletes rebel against traditions while training for the Olympics.

D. The appeal of a new sport event consists is changing for format of this game.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. It all goes back to each country’s distinct cultural heritage.

B. American stories are rooted in realism; even our fantasies are rooted in realism.

C. Both boys are characterized by their unique roles, thus breathing life into the fancy stories.

D. Meanwhile, the United States, also a major player in children’s classics, deals much less in magic.

E. Britain’s time-honored countryside, with ancient castles and restful farms, lends itself to fairy-tale invention.

F. Both orphans took over the world of children’s literature, but their stories unfold in noticeable

different ways.

How the British and American Tell Children’s Stories

If Harry Potter and Huckleberry Finn were each to represent British versus American children’s literature, a curious situation would emerge :

In a literary competition for the hearts

and minds of children, one is a wizard（巫师）- in - training at a boarding school in the Scottish Highlands, while the other is a barefoot boy drifting down the Mississippi, bothered by cheats,

slave hunters, and thieves. One defeats evil with a magic stick, the other takes to a raf（t 筏）to right a social wrong.

67 The small island of Great Britain is an unquestionably powerhouse of children’s bestsellers: Alice in Wonderland, Harry Potter, and The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Significantly, all are fantasies. 68 Stories like The Call of the Wild. Charlotte’s Web, Little Women,

and the Adventures of Tom Sawyer are more notable for their realistic portraits of day-to-day life in the towns and farmlands on the growing frontier. If British children gathered in the dim light of the kitchen fireplace to hear stories about magic swords and talking bears, American children sat at their mother’s knee listening tales with moral messages about a world where life was hard, obedience emphasized, and Christian morality valued. Each style has its virtues, but the British

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approach undoubtedly creates the kinds of stories that appeal to the furthest reaches of children’s imagination.

69 For one, the British have always been in touch with their pagan（异教徒的）

folk traditions and stories, says Maria Tatar, a Harvard professor of children’s literature. After all, the country’s very origin story is about a young king tutored by a wizard. Legends have always been accepted as history, from Merlin to Macbeth. “Even as the British were digging into these magical worlds, Americans, much more realistic, always viewed their soil as something to exploit,” says Tatar.

American write fantasies too, but nothing like the British, says Jerry Griswold, a San Diego State University professor of children’s literature. He said, “ 70 ” To prove it, he

mentioned Dorothy, the heroine of Wizard of Oz（绿野仙踪）who unmasks the great and powerful Wizard as a cheat. Meanwhile, American fantasies differ in another way: They usually end with a moral lesson learned - for example, in Oz, Dorothy’s journey ends with the realization: “There’s no place like home.”

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 71.

Britain’s Buses are Getting Emptier

In Britain, buses account for more public - transport trips than trains, tubes and trams put together. People love them, in theory: one poll by Transport Focus, a consumer group, found that 74% of young people think they are a good way of getting around and 85% believe it is important for a place to have a good bus service. There is just one problem. In practice, Britions are taking buses less and less.

Why are London buses emptier? One thing that has changed is young people’s behavior. The young are heavy bus users when they travel. But, increasingly, they do not travel. According to Transport for London, the average 17 - to 24-year-old took 2.3 transport trips per day in the year 2011- 12 but only 1.7 in 2018 - 19. The National Travel Survey confirms that no group has cut back harder on travel since the early 2000s than teenagers. Young people are more diligent these

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