10. authenticity （真实性） 11. ridiculous（荒谬的） B)

1. commonplace （老生常谈） 2. commonest（普通的）

3. insure（确保/保证） 4. secure（安全/无虑的）

5. confined (限制) 6. restrict（约束/限定）

7. distributed（分散式的） 8. contribute（贡献/出力）

9. eliminate （消除/排除） 10. demolished （拆毁/破坏）

11. transmitted（传输/传送） 12. transplanted （移植/转移）

13. nominate （推荐/提名） 14. Candidates （候选人/申请者）

Recognize fact and opinion

1. F 2.O 3.O 4.F 5.F

SECTION C

GRAMMAR REVIEW

A)

1. are being watered 2. be repaired 3.has been cut off 4. will have been finished

5. being introduced 6. be discussed 7. been invited 8. have met B)

1. by换成 to

2. effective 换成 efficient

3. achieve 换成 achieving

4. required 换成 acquired

5. information-based 换成 Information-based

6. encourage 换成 encouraging

7. in 换成 to

8. managed 换成 arranged

9. to be 换成 to

10. pay 换成 paid

SECTION D

TRANSLATION

英译中

Sound is a form of energy transfer and we can define loudness in terms of the energy per unit of time or power output of the sound, but it wouldn’t give the complete picture. The sound’s power is distributed on the surface of the wave which increases with the square of the distance from its source. In other words, the amount of energy per unit of area in the wave declines rapidly as the wave moves away from the source. About the same wave area contacts aperson’s ear regardless of how far she or he is away from the source. However, the area contains significantly less energy when the

source is far away rather than up close. This explains why the sound is no as loud. 声音是一种能量的转换。我们可以用单位时间上产生的声音能量或声能来标定声音的大小，但这仅仅描述了事情的一部分。声波向外传播就像许多气球从同一点向外飘散。声能沿着声波的表面分布，其表面及随着传播距离的平方成正比。换句话说，声波单位面积上的能量随着声波远离声源而减少。无论远近，传到人耳中的声波区是相同的。但当我们距声源较远时，声波区上的能量也就明显减少。所以我们听到的声音就比较小。

中译英

把声音的强度降低一半，仅使声音的大小相对降低3分贝。这几乎很难察觉到。一付质量上乘的耳塞通常可降低噪音30分贝左右，这将使射击声从150分贝降到120分贝，仍然很响。我们估算影片中枪械消音器发出的那一点与人无损的“砰”声也不过50分贝。这就意味着射击噪声惊人地降低了足足100分贝。换句话说，消声器必须将射击声的强度以1010为因数进行消音才能达到如此低的分贝数。要做到这点，就必须使用设计完美，制作精准的消音器和亚音速的弹药。但现在市场上可以买到的消音器大多只能降噪30至40分贝，与带耳塞的效果相似，而非影片中经常描述的令人难以置信的100分贝。

Cutting sound intensity in half only reduces the relative loudness by merely 3 dB. This would be barely noticeable. A good set of ear plugs typically reduces noise by about 30 dB and so, would reduce a muzzle last from 150 to 120 dB, still a very loud noise. We estimate that the innocuous “fut” sound made by a movie silencer is roughly 50 dB, a whipping noise reduction of 100 dB from the dB level of a muzzle blast! In other words, a silencer has to reduce sound intensity of a muzzle blast by a factor of 1010 to give such a low relative loudness. This can be done with a very well-designed and precisely made silencer using subsonic ammunition. However, even commercially available silencers are more likely to give a reduction for 30 to 40 dB similar to ear plugs than the incredible 100 dB reduction frequently portrayed in movies.

Unit10 Philosophy

单词词组英汉互译

古典式 浪漫型 深层形式 终极真理

富于想象力的 不理智的 艺术感觉 反传统文化

understanding/comprehension/interpretation misunderstanding

intuition behavior emotion(s)/felling(s)

consciousness under control seek plarsure

SECTION A

LEARN ABOUT THE TEXT

Textual organization:

IDEA DIAGRAM

Topic:

① Classical understanding ② Romantic understanding

General differences:

① Underlying form ② Immediate appearance

Specific details:

① Facts, e.g. science Association Under control Heavy, grey

② Felling, e.g. art Association with females Pleasure-seeking Shallow The author concludes:

The trouble is “no one has any real reconciliation of the two modes.”

The theme of the text:

We need both classical understanding and romantic understanding/ no one wants a house divided against itself.

Understanding long/difficult sentences

1. the dividing and separating of understanding into two ways.

2. almost meaningless in relation to ultimate truth. But such a dichotomy

3. quite reasonable and logical

4. this dichotomy when he/ she is doing things in the way that the classic mode does。

5. discover or create a reasonable, logical world.

SECTION B

Vocabulary study A)

classic (名著/经典的) 替换成 romantic（浪漫的）

underlying form（底层形式） 替换成 immediate appearance（露面）

intuitive（直觉的） 替换成 rational（理性/合理的）

order（命令/整理） 替换成 chaos（混乱）

unknown（未知的） 替换成 known（已知的）

understanding（理解） 替换成 misunderstanding（误会） B)