Definition:
Refers to an approach based on the use of task as the core unit of instruction in language
TBLT:pre-task, task cycle, language focus Definition of a task:
A task is a piece of work undertaken for oneself or for others, freely or for some reward.
Four components of a task: A purpose: focus on content,not form A context: information gap
A process:problem solving reasoning , inquiring, conceptualising and communicating
A product: no communicational results Exercises, exercise-tasks and tasks: Focus on individual language items
→purposeful&contextualised communication Exercise → exercise-task → task How to design tasks:
Think about students’ needs, interests, and abilities Brainstorm possible tasks Evaluate the list
Choose the language items
Preparing materials PPP model
At the presentation stage:
The teacher introduces new vocabulary and grammatical structures in whatever ways appropriate At the the practice stage:
The lesson moves from controlled practice to guided practice and exploitation of the texts when necessary At the production stage:
The students are encouraged to use what they have learned and practised to perform communication tasks. Notes:
Grammar-Translation Method: 语法翻译法 reading and writing
The Audio-Lingual Method: 听说教学法
speaking and listening; dialogues and drills 对话和操练
Unit 3 the National English Curriculum 课程标准
It was in the 1993 syllables that the word communication was used in the objectives of teaching for the first time.
The Six Design principles for the National English Curriculum for Nine-year Compulsory Education:
1.Aim for educating all students, and emphasise quality-oriented
education面向全体学生，注重素质教育
2.Promote learner-centredness, and respect individual differences突出学生主体，尊重个体差异
3.Develop competence-based objectives, and allow flexibility and adaptability整体设计目标，体现灵活开放
4.Pay close attention to the learning pro-cess, and advocate experiential learning and participation强调学习过程，倡导体验参与
5.Attach particular importance to formative assessment, and give special attention to the development of competence注重过程评价，强调能力发展
6.Optimize learning resources, and maximise opportunities for learning and using the language开发课程资源，拓展学用渠道
Framework of objectives in the new National English Curriculum： 课程总目标
Overall language ability: Learning学习策略 Affect情感态度 Cultural文化意识 Language语言知识 Language skills语言技能
能力目标 语言目标 情感目标 Learning : Cognitive; Self management; Communication; Resourcing Affect: International; Perspective; Patriotism; Confidence; Motivation
Cultural: Knowledge; understanding; Awareness
Language: Phonetics; Grammar; Vocabulary; Functions; Topics Language skills: Listening; Speaking; Reading; Writing The design of the new National English Curriculum Level 1: Grade 3-4
Level 2: Grade 5-6; basic requirements for 6th graders Graduate from primary school Level 3: Grade 7/ Junior 1 Level 4: Grade 8/ Junior 2 Level 5: Grade 9/ Junior 3 Graduate from junior high school Above is during Compulsory Education
Level 6&Level 7: required of every senior high school students 2 tracks of elective course: Track 1: level 8& level 9
Track 2: from the beginning of senior 1
Elective courses: Specialized skill courses; ESP courses应用类; Cultural and literary studies courses 欣赏类etc.
Unit 4 Lesson Planning
A lesson plan:教案
A framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decision about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve.