Unit 1. what’s the matter? Section A
1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？ (1)matter n. 问题；事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？ matter 和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the 用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用 What’s the matter with sb? = What’s your trouble?= What’s up? = What happens to sb.? (2)matter v 要紧，有关系 用于否定句或疑问句中
It doesn’t matter. 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语） Does it matter if I’m a little late?
(3) as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上
2.foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>
3.have a/an + 疾病名词 患……病 (cold/fever/cough) have a cold =catch a cold 感冒 have a fever发烧
have a sore throat喉咙疼 have a sore back背疼 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a toothache牙痛
have a headache 头痛 have a backache背痛 have a earache 耳朵痛
4. back n 背；背部 at the back of......在......的后面
adv 回原处 往回去 go/come back 返回 give back 归还
5. hand n 手 hand in hand 手拉手
v 交给；传递 hand in 上交 hand on 依次传递 hand out 分发
6.too much + 不可数名词 太多的…
修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. much too +形/副 实在太… 极其，非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…
7.enough
(1) adj. 足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后 enough time
(2) adv. 足够地， 十分，相当 修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv后 expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box.
8.with prep
(1)具有， 带有 , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征 （反） without
hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 tea with sugar 加糖的茶 coffee with sugar 加糖的咖啡 China is a country with a long history. She is a girl with long hair.
(2)prep. 和......一起 talk with sb I like to talk freely with my friends. (3)prep 用......， 使用某种工具 Cut it with a knife. Write with a pen (4)状语 He came in with a big smile.
9. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？
should 应该 情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务 should not =shouldn’t 不应该 主语+ should/ shouldn’t + 动词原形. .. take one’s temperature 量体温
10. need v 需要 用于肯定句是实义动词
need情态动词，仅用于否定结构和疑问句或if/whether引导的宾语从句态动词 (1) need sth 需要某物 I need your help.
(2)人做主语 sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Do you need to drink more water?
(3) 物做主语 sth need doing sth = sth need to be done 表被动
(4) needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要 must, need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用 Must I hand it in today?No. you ____ .You can do it tomorrow. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't
Must I finish my homework now? No, you ______. You can go home now. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
Must I start now?No, you_______ A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't Need I go to school?-- Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.
11.I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 without doing sth. 没有做某事、没做某事
I let the day away without doing anything at all. 我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。 The storm passed off without doing much damage.暴风雨过去了，没有造成多大灾害。
12. lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ ) 躺 ；平躺
lie → lay → lain v 躺 卧 (现在分词lying ). lie → lied → lied v 撒谎 (现在分词lying ).
lay→ laid →laid v 下蛋，产卵 (现在分词laying ). lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息
13. neck n.颈；脖子neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌 hurt v. 使痛 ；受伤
表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。 My leg hurts.
14. see （saw , seen） v 看见
see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生，强调整个过程） see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）
15. along/ down
相同点： prep 顺着；沿着
不同点：along 强调顺着水平方向
down 指“沿着……下坡或者往南走
16. get on--get off 上下大型交通工具（bus, train, plane）
get into—get out of 进入/出来 小型交通工具（car, taxi,lift） get up起床 get back回来；取回 get over克服；度过
get on／along well with与……相处融洽 get in a word插话 get to到达
17.have to 客观需要 don’t have to不需要 must主观必要 mustn’t 不准，禁止 have to多种时态，有单三
18. surprise
(1) v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 →surprised adj. 吃惊的 surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me. be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶 be surprised + that从句 因...而惊讶 (2) n 惊讶
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 to one’s joy/disappointment/satisfacation
19.agree v→ (反)disagree – agreement n同意
(1) agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you. (2) agree to do sth 同意做某事 (3) agree on sth
20. thanks to 多亏；由于
(1)thanks to习语介词，thanks不可改为thank you，to后也不接动词原形，to表示感谢的对象 (2)thanks for 因……而感谢，for强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing (3) Thanks=thank you
21. on time 准时 in time 及时
on time=at exactly the right time. 准时 （在规定的时间之内） 强调与某个时刻一致
in time = with enough time to spare/ not late 及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间 提前发生
at times=sometimes 有时 have a good time 玩得高兴 have time =be free 有空
all the time 一直 at the same time 同时 by the time 到……时候 for the first time 第一次 It’s time to do sth =It’s time for sth 是该做某事的时间了 It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s
at once “立刻；马上”；on time“按时”；by accident“偶然”；at present“目前;现在”。
22.trouble/'tr?bl/n .问题；苦恼
get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼） be in trouble 处于困境中 have trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困难
That is a monkey on his back. Let’s help him. C 沉重负担 A. He has a monkey B. He likes playing with the monky C. He is in trouble D. He is good at studying
23. 反身代词
(1)反身代词的构成
第一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成
单数 myself yourself 复数 ourselves yourselves 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves 单数： himself herself itself 复数： themselves (2)反身代词的常见搭配：
enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴 teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学 by oneself =alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 introduce oneself to 自我介绍 (3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。
24. fall → fell → fallen v 落下； 跌落
fall down 摔倒，强调滑倒，摔倒，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾语时，应加上介词from She fell down from her bike fall off 指从某物上跌落下来。
The girl fell off the bike. = The girl fell down from the b ike. fall into 落入 The leaf fell into the river.
fall behind 落后 fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall asleep 入睡
Section B
1. feel sick 生病；不舒服 sick /ill adj. 生病的
(1) sick adj. 生病的，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 be sick of …讨厌；厌恶…… sick person = patient 病人
(2) ill adj. 生病的，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill → illness n.“病；疾病”
2.be interested in interest
(1)n 兴趣→interesting adj.令人有兴趣的（表语/定语） →interested adj. 对……感兴趣（只做表语） (2)interest v. 引起……关注；使……感兴趣
be interested in sth./ doing sth.对……变得感兴趣
= show great interest in sth. / doing sth.表现出对……的极大兴趣; (3) take/have an interest in =be interested in 对……感兴趣 (4) places of interest 名胜 lose interest in 失去兴趣
3.as prep 作为，以……身份 4. be used to (doing)习惯于（做）；适应于（做） (1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完 (2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。 (4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth
5.one of … ......之一
one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数， 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。