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PV=(25.0163-25.0000)?8.314?300.15/(13330?100?10-6)
Mw =30.51(g/mol)
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PV=nRT n=PV/RT=8.3147?10-3mol (y1?30+(1-y1) ?58)?8.3147?10-3=0.3897 y1=0.401 P1=40.63kPa y2=0.599 P2=60.69kPa
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1.13 Ò»ÃܱոÕÐÔÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÂúÁË¿ÕÆø£¬²¢ÓÐÉÙÁ¿µÄË®¡£µ±ÈÝÆ÷ÓÚ300KÌõ¼þÏÂ´ïÆ½ºâʱ£¬ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚѹÁ¦Îª101.325kPa¡£Èô°Ñ¸ÃÈÝÆ÷ÒÆÖÁ373.15KµÄ·ÐË®ÖУ¬ÊÔÇóÈÝÆ÷ÖдﵽÐÂÆ½ºâʱӦÓеÄѹÁ¦¡£ÉèÈÝÆ÷ÖÐʼÖÕÓÐË®´æÔÚ£¬ÇҿɺöÂÔË®µÄÈκÎÌå»ý±ä»¯¡£300KʱˮµÄ±¥ºÍÕôÆøÑ¹Îª3.567kPa¡£
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1.18 °Ñ25¡æµÄÑõÆø³äÈë40dm3µÄÑõÆø¸ÖÆ¿ÖУ¬Ñ¹Á¦´ï202.7¡Á102kPa¡£ÊÔÓÃÆÕ±é»¯Ñ¹ËõÒò×ÓͼÇó¸ÖÆ¿ÖÐÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿¡£ ½â£ºÑõÆøµÄTC=-118.57¡æ,PC=5.043MPa
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Tr=298.15/(273.15-118.57)=1.93,
Pr=20.27/5.043=4.02
Z=0.95 PV=ZnRT n=PV/ZRT=202.7
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105
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40
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10-3/(8.314
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298.15)/0.95=344.3(mol)
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2.2 1molË®ÕôÆø(H2O,g)ÔÚ100¡æ,101.325kPaÏÂÈ«²¿Äý½á³ÉҺ̬ˮ¡£Çó¹ý³ÌµÄ¹¦¡£¼Ù
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½â: n = 1mol
100¡æ,101.325kPa
H2O(g) H2O(l)
ºãκãѹÏà±ä¹ý³Ì,Ë®ÕôÆø¿É¿´×÷ÀíÏëÆøÌå, Ó¦ÓÃʽ£¨2.2.3£©
W =£pamb¦¤V =£p(Vl-Vg ) ¡Ö pVg = nRT = 3.102kJ
2.4 ϵͳÓÉÏàͬµÄʼ̬¾¹ý²»Í¬Í¾¾¶´ïµ½ÏàͬµÄĩ̬¡£Èô;¾¶aµÄQa=2.078kJ,Wa=£4.157kJ£»¶øÍ¾¾¶bµÄQb=£0.692kJ¡£ÇóWb.
½â: ÈÈÁ¦Ñ§ÄܱäÖ»Óëʼĩ̬ÓйØ,Óë¾ßÌå;¾¶ÎÞ¹Ø,¹Ê ¦¤Ua = ¦¤Ub
ÓÉÈÈÁ¦Ñ§µÚÒ»¶¨Âɿɵà Qa + Wa = Qb + Wb
¡à Wb = Qa + Wa £Qb = £1.387kJ
2.8 ijÀíÏëÆøÌåCv,m=3/2R¡£½ñÓÐ¸ÃÆøÌå5molÔÚºãÈÝÏÂζÈÉý¸ß 50¡æ¡£Çó¹ý³ÌµÄW£¬Q£¬¦¤HºÍ¦¤U¡£
½â: ÀíÏëÆøÌåºãÈÝÉýιý³Ì n = 5mol CV,m = 3/2R
QV =¦¤U = n CV,m¦¤T = 5¡Á1.5R¡Á50 = 3.118kJ W = 0
¦¤H = ¦¤U + nR¦¤T = n Cp,m¦¤T
= n (CV,m+ R)¦¤T = 5¡Á2.5R¡Á50 = 5.196kJ
2.10 2molijÀíÏëÆøÌ壬Cp,m=7/2R¡£ÓÉʼ̬100kPa,50dm3£¬ÏȺãÈݼÓÈÈʹѹÁ¦Éý¸ß
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3
½â: ÀíÏëÆøÌåÁ¬ÐøpVT±ä»¯¹ý³Ì. Ìâ¸ø¹ý³ÌΪ n = 5mol CV,m = 5/2R Cp,m = 7/2R
ºãѹ (2)
ºãÈÝ (1)
p1
200kPa p3 = p2
=100kPa p2 =
V1 = 50dm3 V2 = V1 V3=25dm3
T1 T2 T3 ʼ̬ ĩ̬ ¡ß p3V3 = p1V1 ¡à T3 = T1
1) ¦¤H ºÍ ¦¤U ֻȡ¾öÓÚʼĩ̬,ÓëÖмä¹ý³ÌÎÞ¹Ø ¡à ¦¤H = 0 ¦¤U = 0 2) W1 = 0
W2=£pamb¦¤V=£p(V3£V2)
=200kPa¡Á(25£50)¡Á10-3m3= 5.00kJ ¡à W = W1 + W2 = 5.00kJ
3) ÓÉÈÈÁ¦Ñ§µÚÒ»¶¨ÂÉ Q = ¦¤U£W = £5.00kJ
2.21 ÒÑ֪ˮ(H2O,l)ÔÚ100¡æµÄ±¥ºÍÕôÆøÑ¹ps=101.325kPa£¬ÔÚ´Ëζȡ¢Ñ¹Á¦ÏÂË®µÄĦ¶û
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n = m/M = 1kg/18.015g¡¤mol-1 = 55.509mol
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