Tpr?T400??1.15 Tpc346.8p13.78??2.58 ppc5.345?0?ppr?查图2-9和2-10得:Z?0.480,Z?1??0.025
??y1?1?y2?2?0.35?0.228?0.65?0.152?0.179
则: Z?Z(0)??Z(1)?0.48?0.179?0.025?0.4845
V?ZRT0.4845?8.314?400?63?1??116.93?10m?mol 6p13.78?10??2-29.试计算甲烷(1)、丙烷(2)及正戊烷(3)的等摩尔三元体系在373K下的B值。已知373K温度下
B11??20cm3?mol?1,B22??241cm3?mol?1,B33??61cm3?mol?1 B12??75cm3?mol?1,B13??122cm3?mol?1,B23??399cm3?mol?1
解:由式(2-45)BM???yyBijijij,对于三元体系得:
22BM?y12?B11?y2?B22?y3?B33?2y1y2?B12?2y1y3?B13?2y2y3?B23??1/3????20???1/3????241???1/3????621??2?1/3?1/3???75??2?1/3?1/3???122??2?1/3?1/3???399?222??233.44cm3?mol-1??2-29.试计算混合物CO2(1)-n-C4H10(2)在344.26K和6.48MPa时的液体体积。已知混合物中CO2的摩尔分数为x1=0.502,液体摩尔体积的实验值为
Vl?9.913?10?5m3?mol
解:从附录三中CO2(1)和n-C4H10(2)的临界参数值如下: 物质 CO2 n-C4H10 Tc/K 304.2 425.12 pc/ MPa 7.382 3.796 Vc/(cm3?mol-1) 94.0 255 ZC 0.274 0.274 ? 0.228 0.166 使用式(2-63):V?R???xiTci??1??1?TR?2/7??计算 ZRA???ipci?式中:每个物质的ZRA值使用Zc代替,则:ZRA??xZiiRAi?0.274
由式(2-65c)得:?1?x1Vc1/?xiVci?i0.502?94.0?0.2709
0.502?94.0?0.498?255?2?1??1?1?0.2709?0.7291
1?k12?8?Vc1?Vc2?/V0.5?1/3c1?V1/33c2???948??94?255?1/30.5?2551/33??0.9505
Tc12?(1?k12)Tc1Tc2??304.2?425.12?
0.5?0.9505?341.8
Tcm????i?jTcij??12Tc1??22Tc2?2?1?2Tc12ij
?0.27092?304.2?0.72912?425.12?2?0.2709?0.7291?341.8?383.34KTr?T344.26??0.8981 Tcm383.34?xiTci??1??1?TR?2/7??0.502?304.20.498?425.12??1??1?0.8981?2/7??V?R?Z?8.314???0.274??66??p?RA7.382?103.796?10??ici???88.76?10?6m3?mol?1??误差%=习题
99.13?88.76?100%=10.46%
99.133-1. 单组元流体的热力学基本关系式有哪些? 答:单组元流体的热力学关系包括以下几种:
(1)热力学基本方程:它们适用于封闭系统,它们可以用于单相或多相系统。
dU?TdS?pdV dH?TdS?Vdp dA??pdV?SdT dG?Vdp?SdT
(2)Helmholtz方程,即能量的导数式
??U???A???U???H?T?????? ???? ?p???V?V?S?S??S??T??V??p??H???G???A???G???? V????S?????? ??p???p???T?V??T?p??S??T(3)麦克斯韦(Maxwell)关系式 ???T???p?????? ??V?S??S?V??T???V?????? ??p???S??S?p