“under-”：前缀定语性用法，表示：①（地点或位置）“在?下”，“低于”等；②（级别或地位）“次于”，“低于”；③（程度，范围或数量）“低于”，“少于”或“不足”等。
“with-”：①“往回，离去”：withdraw；②“反对，对抗”：withhold, withstand。
特别提示】在英语语言历史演变的过程中，单词的词形和词义都会发生或多或少的变化，但是“万变不离其宗”。词根、词缀是构成英语单词的元素，了解、牢记和把握这些元素，可以牢固地掌握单词的意义，达到事半功倍的学习效果。对于应试的读者，词根在篇章中所起到的一致性和连贯性的作用更是非同小可。本词根表中，出现的词汇仅仅为考试大纲词汇表所要求的，但是如果掌握好这些词根，也同样为将来的学习打下了坚实的基础。
“-acer-/-egr-”: sour; sharp（酸；锋利）→acid; acute; acrimony; eager; vinegar
“-act-/-ag-”: do; perform; drive（做；行为；冲）→act; action; actor; activate; activity; agency; agent; agenda; agitate; essay; exact; interact; react; transaction; activist*; agile*
“-aer-/-air-”: air; mist（空气）→aerial; aeroplane; airplane; aerobics; air; aircraft; airline; airport
“-aesm-/-aesti-”: estimate; value（估计）→aim; estimate; esteem
“-agri-/-ager-”: field; land（田野；地）→agriculture; agrarian; pilgrim
“-add-/-dere-/-agger-”: heap; put（堆积；放置）→add; additional; addition; exaggerate
“-agon-”: struggle; anguish（痛苦）→agony
“-aisl-/-isle-”: wing（翼）→aisle
“-ali-/-alt-/-el-”: foreign; other; (change)（外；其他；变化）→alien; alter; alternate; altruism; else; elsewhere; unalienable*; adulterate*
“-alti-/-alto-”: high; top（高；提高）→altitude; alto; enhance; old
“-am-/-ama-/-ami-”: love（爱）→amateur; amiable; enemy
“-ambi-”: going around（走动）→ambassador; ambiguous; ambition; ambulance; amble
“-amplus-”: spacious（大；宽敞）→ample; amplify; amplifier
“-anima-”: life; breath; mind（生命）→animal; animate; unanimous; animate*
“-ann-”: years（年）→anniversary; annual
“-ante-/-ant-/-anti-”: before（前；之前）→anticipate
“-apt-/-ept-”: fit; fitted; suitable; fasten（适当；紧）→apt; adapt; adaptation; inept
“-arc-”: bow（弓）→arch
“-archi-”: chief（主要）→architect; architecture
“-arm-”: weapon（武器）→arm; alarm
“-art-/-arti-/-ert-”: craftsmanship（艺术；技艺）→art; artist; artificial; inertia
“-aster-/-astr-”: stars（星星）→astronaut; disaster; disastrous
“-atmo-”: vapor（气）→atmosphere
“-auc-/-aug-/-auth-”: increase; growth（增加）→auction; augment; author; authority; auxiliary
“-aud-/-aur-/-edi-”: hear; hearing; ear（听）→audience; audit; aural; obedience; obedient; obey
“-auto-/-auth-”: self; genuine（自己；真正的）→authentic; automate; automobile; automatic; automation
“-avan-/-aban-/-ante-”: set out before（前）→advance; advanced; advantage; disadvantage; vantage
“-avia-”: bird（鸟）→aviation
“-balk-/-balc-”: beam; ridge（横梁；阻碍）→balcony
“-ball-/-bull-/-bu-/-bow-/-pill-”: dance; globe（球；圆）→ball; ballet; balloon; bowl; bowling; bubble; bulb; bull; bullet; bulletin; bully; pill
“-band-/-bend-/-bond-/-bind-/-bunc-”: join; combine (limit)（结合；限制）→abandon; ban; band; bandage; bend; bind; bond; binding; bound; boundary; bunch*; bondage*
“-bank-/-bench-/-banqu-”: bench（长凳“过去为金融交易的地方”）→bank; bankrupt; bench; banquet; bench
“-bar-”: stick; rod（长木条）→bar; barrel; embarrassment
“-bas-/-bass-”: of low height; pedestal（基础）→base; baseball; basic; basis; database
“-bat-/-bar-/-bell-”: club; hit（木棍；打击）→bar; barrel; barrier; bat; battery; battle; combat; debate; batter*; belligerent*; abate*; baton*; billiard*; rebuke*
“-bene-/-bon-”: good（好；善）→benefit; beneficial; bonus
“-bi-/-bin-/-bo-”: two; twice（二；两；双）→binary; balance; bicycle; billion; biscuit; both; combination; combine
“-biblio-”: books（书）→Bible; bibliography
“-bill-/-bull-”: seal; document; boss（玉玺；印章）→bill; bulletin; bull; bully
“-bio-/-bi-”: life（生命）→biography; aerobics
“-blam-/-blasm-”: blaspheme（亵渎）→blame; blaspheme*
“-brac-”: arms（双臂）→brace; bracket; brake; embrace
“-bread-/-breed-/-brib-”: crumb; morsel（面包）→bread; breed; bribe; bribery
“-break-/-breach-/-brick-”: break（打破）→break; breach; brick; brisk
“-brev-/-brief-”: short（短；简）→brief; brevity
“-bri-/-brill-”: shine（闪耀）→bright; brighten; brilliant
“-cal-/-car-/-char-”: heat（热量）→calm; calorie; carbon; charcoal; coal
“-camp-/-champ-”: field; plain; battlefield（战场；田地）→camp; campus; campaign; champion
“-can-/-chan-/-cap-/-cat-/-chief-”: ①small vessel; tube; ②head; chief（小容器；管/头；首）→achieve; cabbage; can; canal; candy; canoe; cannon; cap; cape; capital; capitalism; captain; cattle; chapter; cheek; chef; chief; choke; escape; channel; *cane; canyon*; cunning*; uncanny*
“-cap-/-cab-/-cip-/-cas-/-cach-/-chas-/-ceiv-/-cept-/-ceit-/-cup-” : take; catch; seize; realize; contain; hold（拿；抓；捕；握）→anticipate; accept; capture; captivity; cable; capable; capacity; capsule; captive; captivity*; case; cash; cashier; cassette; catch; cater; chase; conceive; concept; conception; cop; copy; deceive; deceit; except; exception; occupation; occupy; participate; perceive; prince; receipt; receive; reception; recipe; reciprocal; recover; recovery; susceptible; capricious*; capsize*; conceit*; recuperate*; apperceive*; caption*; covert*; disciple*; encapsulate*; precept*; preoccupy*; receptacle*
“-car-/-char-”: cart; carry; wagon; load（车；载）→car; career; cargo; carpenter; carriage; carrier; carry; cart; charge
“-card-/-chart-”: paper（纸）→card; chart; charter
“-cav-”: cave; hollow（洞穴）→cave; cavity*; concave*
“-ceal-/-cel-/-cul-”: hide（躲藏）→conceal; occult*
“-cel-/-cell-/-celer-”: rise up; swift; high（升高；快速）→excel; excellent; accelerate; decelerate; culminate*
“-cent-/-cens-/-chant-”①: sing; song; chant（歌唱）→accent; charm; chorus; incentive; cant*; enchant*
“-cent-”②: a hundred; hundredth（百；百分之一）→cent; centigrade; century; centimeter
“-cent-/centr-”③: center（中心）→center; central; concentrate; eccentric
“-cern-”: mingle with; mix（混合）→concern; discern; discreet; decree*
“-cerp-/-carp-”: select; pluck（选择）→excerpt; scarce; scarcely
“-cert-”: ①certain; ②strive; work（确证/争取）→ascertain; certain; certainly; certainty; concert; uncertainty; certificate; certify; decertify*
“-cess-/-ceed-/-ced-/-ces-”: move; go（行，走，动）→access; ancestor; cease; cheese; concede; concession; exceed; exceedingly; excess; precede; precedent; preceding; predecessor; procedure; proceed; proceedings; process; procession; recede; succeed; success; successful; succession; successive; successor; incessant*; deceased*
“-chai-/-cait-”: chain; link（联系）→chain
“-chiev-/-chef-/-chief-”: head; conclusion（头，首）→achieve; chef; chief; mischief
“-cid-/-cad-/-cas-/chans-”: fall（下降；降落；天意）→accident; case; casual; casualty; chance; cheat; coincide; coincidence; decay; incidence; incident; incidentally; occasion; occasionally; recidivism*; decadent*
“-circ-/-cycle-”: round; ring（圆；环）→bicycle; circle; circuit; circular; circulate; circumstance; circus; cycle; cylinder; recycle; search
“-cis/-cid-”: cut（剪，砍，剁）→cement; concise; decide; decision; precise; precisely; precision; scissors; suicide