2018届高三年级第一次模拟考试(四)

英 语

(满分120分，考试时间120分钟)

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What color is the man's toothbrush?

A. Blue. B. Green. C. Red. 2. What is the man mostly worried about? A. The noisy plane.

B. The safety of the airplane.

C. The service of the flight attendant. 3. How does the man feel?

A. Impatient. B. Helpless. C. Exhausted. 4. When does the girl have to go to bed?

A. At 8：00 p．m. B. At 9：00 p．m. C. At 11：00 p．m. 5. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At a fruit shop. B. At a candy shop. C. At the woman's house. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What's the relationship between the speakers?

A. Boss and employee. B. Co-workers. C. Classmates. 7. Why is Jane unhappy?

A. She forgot to answer some emails.

B. She talked to angry customers all morning. C. She is usually the first one to take complaints. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How much will the man pay in total? A. $20. B. $25. C. $45.

9. How did the man get his shirt dirty?

A. By cooking vegetable soup. B. By eating noodles. C. By washing up. 10. When will the man get his shirt back?

A. On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Tuesday. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. What just happened to Chad's shirt?

A. He got a tea stain on it. B. He got blue paint on it. C. He rolled in the grass with it. 13. What will Chad do after school? A. Tell his mother what happened. B. Ask Betty to explain for him. C. Buy a new shirt.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the tree house?

A. In Justin's yard. B. In Stanley's yard. C. In Miss Johnson's yard. 15. How will Justin get back to the tree house? A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot. 16. Why is Justin in a hurry?

A. He is afraid of thunder. B. He thinks it's going to rain. C. He wants Mom to see the tree house. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to predict an earthquake. B. How to survive an earthquake.

C. How to rescue people in an earthquake.

18. What do people need to get ready for an earthquake? A. Shelters. B. Cars. C. Blankets.

19. What does the speaker advise people to do when an earthquake hits? A. Drop to the ground. B. Stay by the window. C. Run towards the door. 20. What does the speaker warn people of at the end of the talk? A. Trapped lifts. B. Falling pieces. C. Damaged bridges. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 21. Heavy debts left the firm faced with an economic ________ in the financial crisis. A. switch B. scratch C. squeeze D. status

22. Feng Chu, reported ________ the National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology in 2017, is a post-90s PHD candidate.

A. winning B. to have won C. to win D. having won 23. —I haven't met Mr Smith these days.

—Oh, I forgot to tell you. He ________ from his post in our college. A. resigned B. has resigned C. had resigned D. would resign

24. The concepts in philosophy Jack read have somewhat affected how he ________ his daily life.

A. shrinks from B. pulls through C. compensates for D. goes about 25. The doctor is in a dilemma ________ he should tell the patient the truth. A. that B. whether C. where D. how

26. A series of policies has been adopted so far ________ benefits the poverty-stricken people

will enjoy.

A. which B. that C. whose D. as

27. In his New Year Speech, President Xi ________ that happiness is achieved through hard work.

A. underlined B. undid C. undertook D. updated

28. The auto company succeeded in developing a type of new energy vehicle, ________ countless failures.

A. experiencing B. to experience

C. to have experienced D. having experienced

29. Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice ________ he/she may flee abroad.

A. in case B. even if C. now that D. if only

30. These figures should be ________， for even a minor error can cost us millions of dollars. A. precise B. flexible C. optional D. approximate 31. —Why are you upset, Maria?

—My father didn't even buy me a Christmas present! What a ________！ A. Judas B. Samaritan C. Jonah D. Scrooge

32. I suspect ________ Emily was lying when she described the incident, for I know her well. A. whether B. that C. what D. how

33. —I thought tomorrow was the deadline for my confirmation. —Never mind. Call me later and tell me what you ________ then. A. would think B. had thought C. think D. thought

34. It was only when he was sent to hospital ________ fully aware of the value of health. A. did he become B. that he became C. had he become D. that he had become

35. —John was criticized again by the boss this morning. —________. He's always causing trouble.

A. No wonder B. No way C. No problem D. No doubt 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was 18 years old, fit, strong and ambitious. One day, I fell down for no __36__ reason. I saw many different specialists and was finally diagnosed with limb girdle muscular dystrophy (MD)．

It was a very difficult time. I had no idea what life was going to __37__ at me and I was scared. By my late 30s it was __38__ and I had transitioned(转变) from a walking stick to a wheelchair. I wanted to be master of my own __39__，so I had to recognise my __40__ and play to my weaknesses. What I wanted to make __41__ was a trip to the north pole. People with MD feel the cold. So why did I want to go to one of the most extreme, cold and __42__ places on Earth? I'd read about Chris Cope, who wanted to go to the north pole to raise money for MD, and it had __43__ my adventurous spirit: I wanted to raise awareness about the __44__， but I also wanted to find out what I was capable of. I'm very __45__. In the two years it had taken to organise the expedition, my muscles had worsened but we __46__ regardless. The unpleasant life coaching and cold training helped me to __47__ how my body would behave in extreme cold, which made me aware of what to __48__. I had an amazing team around me, __49__ the four different flights we took to get to the inner Arctic ice shelf were nevertheless discouraging. While we were on the ice the runway __50__ and we had to wait for it to refreeze. __51__ we reached the north pole, I was bitterly cold, exhausted and a complete __52__. I was on the ice for the best part of three long days, then __53__ the final 350m. The expedition raised ￡50,000 for __54__. MD is slowly destroying my life but I have chosen to fill it with __55__ and I live life to the full.

36. A. adequate B. apparent C. sound D. major 37. A. yell B. target C. throw D. direct 38. A. advanced B. initial C. modest D. minor 39. A. disease B. fate C. fortune D. business 40. A. strengths B. privileges C.achievements D. commitments 41. A. differ B. work C. count D. happen 42. A. autonomous B. mysterious C. inaccessible D. fantastic 43. A. referred to B. applied to C. belonged to D. appealed to 44. A. significance B. conservation C. condition D. ambition 45. A. trustworthy B. delicate C. ridiculous D. competitive 46. A. pulled out B. pressed on C. took off D. hung about 47. A. assess B. illustrate C. stress D. clarify 48. A. value B. expect C. require D. forgive 49. A. but B. though C. so D. as 50. A. floated B. split C. disappeared D. twisted 51. A. Because B. Unless C. Before D. Once 52. A. mess B. failure C. pride D. envy 53. A. ran B. climbed C. walked D. rolled 54. A. treatment B. ecology C. training D. charity 55. A. experiences B. imaginations C. recreations D. responsibilities 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

How to Speak Brit

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56. How to Speak Brit is intended to help readers ________． A. to expose themselves to British cultures B. to gain a better command of British English

C. to combine language learning with entertainment

D. to differentiate American English from British English 57. Where is the passage probably taken from?

A. A booklet. B. A web page. C. A brochure. D. A library guide.

B

To understand one of the secrets of creativity, just peek(窥视) into an art classroom in Denver, Colorado. The teacher asks her pupils to imitate the style of Vassily Kandinsky. The students copy Kandinsky's art style, mastering brushwork and learning colour theory.

If that was all there were to the lesson, it would be a hands-on class in art history. But the art teacher asks the students to cut up their paintings and build 3D sculptures out of the pieces. They have all started with the same source, but their works all end up looking extremely different: some rise straight up in a column, while others are a jigsaw(相互交错) of different forms and angles. The students learn to treat the past not as a landing point, but as a launching pad.

Creativity doesn't come out_of_the_blue. No idea is ever wholly original; there is always a link from the known to the new. We rely on culture to provide us with a storehouse of raw materials which we then transform. Each generation adds another layer to the cliffside of history.

One of the keys to developing inventiveness is not to treat the past as sacred. Beethoven didn't write symphonies because he thought there was anything wrong with Mozart's. Picasso didn't paint variations on canvases by Velásquez and Manet because he rejected the old masters, but rather because he admired them. While we sometimes tinker(修补) with the imperfect, we also remake what we love, showing our admiration for the past by passing down its DNA.

Sometimes inventors attempt to cover their tracks. Stravinsky denied that The Rite of Spring, his revolutionary ballet, included any actual folk tunes, but scholars found a volume of them in his library after his death.

Creative minds always start from a precedent(先例) and move from there, but how far should they go? The challenge is that staying too close to the familiar can dissatisfy, while wandering too far can fail to find followers.

Thomas Edison made small changes to the telephone, dramatically improved the lightbulb—and at the far end imagined underwater cities powered by solar energy. The designer Norman Be1 Geddes designed a host of practical products, such as cocktail shakers and furniture—but he also ranged much further, sketching flying cars and houses in which the walls rose up into the ceiling like garage doors.

The DNA of the original is still there, but by the end it has evolved to something new. Each of

us is creating our own variations on themes passed down to us. We're at our most inventive when we don't allow history to limit our imaginations, but to launch them. That's a lesson that can start young—and that never ages.

58. The art teacher in Colorado intends to tell the students that the secret of creativity is ________．

A. to copy the masters' works without effort B. to completely reject the masters' styles C. to build their brilliant ideas on the past D. to compare their works with the masters'

59. The underlined phrase “out of blue” in Paragraph 3 means ________． A. unfortunately B. gradually C. frequently D. unexpectedly

60. Which of the following isn't the product of creativity according to the author? A. A flying ear. B. A copy of a Mozart.

C. An improved lightbulb. D. An underwater city powered by solar energy.

C

Maj Rundl?f remembers the moment she changed her mind about neonicotinoids—the world's most widely used pesticides(杀虫剂). In December 2013, in her office at Lund University in Sweden, she and postdoctor Georg Andersson were looking at data from their latest study. It was designed to test what would happen to bees if they fed on crops treated with neonicotinoids. “I didn't expect to see any effect at all, to be honest，” says Rundl?f.

Honeybees weren't greatly affected by the chemicals in crops, the study suggested. But the data on bumblebees told a different story. Bumblebee colonies that hadn't fed on the treated crops looked normal: they were packing on weight to survive the winter. But in the colonies exposed to neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.

When the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoids—known as neonics—could harm bees in a real-world

farming situation. Bee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these bees for their survival. Parasites(寄生虫), disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.

Even before Rundl?f's results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on three most widely used neonics in flowering crops—plants that might be attractive to bees—among rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators(传粉者). But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that these were based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.

Since Rundl?f's paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting—and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans.

Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU's European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take.France has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018.

But industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn't conclusive. The picture is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, while others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of