successfully by powerful countries to land their mass-produced goods on fresh overseas dumping grounds and squeeze out local household businesses and craftsmanship.
At home the story is different. Large firms have little appetite for free trade and competition in their own backyard. They prefer to enjoy the advantages and protections for which they have carefully earned. Free thus fierce competition has little appeal for those who understand that they will make more profit if they can corner the market, whether at home or abroad.
By contrast, making trade fairer is about addressing both outcomes and processes of trade. Fairness is not just moral request. It affects behaviour. Actually the concept of fairness increases steadily as societies achieve greater market uprightness: Businessmen from upright societies are willing to punish those who do not play fair, even if this is costly to themselves.
Fairer trade rather than freer trade could partly mend mal-administering of resources in certain areas. Though thought of as evil economic policies in the west world, carefully planned special preferences and protectionism could be used intelligently to help to block the economic robbery of the rich class in African countries, and to improve the lives of the bottom billion.
Fairness is also important in the control of trade. The current International trade negotiations have resulted in rules favouring the powerful. The rules are made in negotiations in which the countries in control call the shots, and do not always do so in good faith. Industrialized countries were often found to have obtained definite and far-reaching commitments from developing countries, in exchange for vague promises, such as to liberalise agriculture, which they have not kept. On the other hand, the essence of the fair trade lies in the promise that every party benefit from the business, rich or poor, powerful or weak. Making trade fairer is important to avoid a further public hate against trade. It is also important so as better to balance trade goals with other important national goals such as environmental and social protection. Finally, the so-called free trade system needs to be made fairer so that it does not block competition, and crush innovation and business spirit. It needs to offer a more level playing field to commercial newcomers and competitors in rich and poor countries alike.
74. Free trade is a concept at rich countries’ service to ______.
A. open up new markets abroad B. define trade in the economic textbooks C. dump pollutants in poor countries
D. learn the skills from local household businesses.
A. punishing the rich countries when they cheat the poor countries B. making sure that rich countries provide more chances for poor countries C. promoting special preferences and protectionism in poor areas D. guaranteeing the common interests of all the dealers A. macro-management B. overall collection C. uneven distribution D. negative mining
75. The key mechanism of fair trade is ______.
76. The underlined word “mal-administering” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.
77. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
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A. Large firms earn huge profits from free trade on domestic markets. B. Honest dealers would sacrifice their own interest to discipline the dishonest. C. Special preferences and protectionism are occasionally adopted in western countries. D. A fairer trade helps to ease competition between the rich and the poor.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Few would argue that there has not been significant technological progress in the field of self-driving cars in recent years. Aside from the technology question, the legislative issue gives the world a worse headache. The content of the trouble centres on the question of who is to blame in a crash. The legal field tends to have the owners take responsibility for the messes their cold lifeless machine makes, for which case an explosion of lawsuits are well expected.
Today, many of the car manufacturers and their suppliers are researching self-driving technology, but it is unclear why they would want to roll it out quickly. A consumer in America, for example, uses his or her car for approximately one hour per day. There is, therefore, a large amount of \personal vehicle use market. Imagine a world where you can be driven to work, and where your car can then turn around and drive home so that your partner or anybody else can use it during the day. This shared use pattern could certainly stop the need to own a second car. Taken to its logical conclusion, it could even be the biggest reason to eliminate the need to own a car at all. The effects on car sales volumes could be destructive.
The possible violation of privacy is also a big issue on the map. We all know that consumer data is big business. A self-driving car would easily log where you visited, the time of the day you went, and much more. Though your purchase preferences might escape secret peeping, the leakage of your whereabouts seems inevitable as it’s hard to do what you are always doing to your smartphone toward the sole tool of transportation. Power off the big steel fellow and you are stuck on the road. The now excitedly expecting public are sure to be annoyed soon.
Much discussed, the poor application of the technology outweighs the previous factors. In car industry, new vehicle features take a long time to get to broad market mass. Features are typically launched first on high-end vehicles, and then trickle down once there is sufficient space in the market to generate the scale affordable for the volume vehicles. With a car model's life cycle being between five and seven years, it is hard to see self-driving technology being fitted as standards of the mass-market brands.
We still have a long way off from a world of completely self-driving cars.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 78. The likelihood to take the car owners as the guilty party in traffic accidents will give rise to _________. 79. What feature of the self-driving car would mainly affect car sales?
80. How can we prevent our personal data from being monitored by the self-driving car? 81. The most serious problem facing the self-driving car is ____________.
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II卷 （共47分）
I. Translation（22分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1． 语言运用需要足够的词汇量为基础。(base)
2． 世界豪华汽车至少50%的销售依赖于快速崛起的亚洲市场。（depend） 3． 无论他编造了多少借口，他都得为因自己失误而造成的后果买单。（no matter）
4． 必须清楚地意识到自己的长处和短处之后，才能合理地制定人生目标，无怨无悔地为之奋斗。
(before)
5． 参与本次工业展览会的观众无不对一家参展商所推广的家庭自动报警系统赞不绝口。(who) II. Guided Writing（25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions.
你是李华，因作为交换学生将前往英国学习生活一年，现在学校校园网上征求一位同学暂时承担你学校板报设计的工作。文中必须包括： 1.你写此征求文的目的。 2.你对应征同学的要求。 3.承担此项工作的注意事项。
(文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等任何真实信息)
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闸北区2015年第二次高考模拟考试试卷
高三英语 参考答案及评分标准
1-10 BCCDC ABCCD 11-13 CBD 14-16 CBD 17. camera 18. dishwasher 19. pests 20. electricity
21. academic resources 22. Original papers 23. Lasting memorial 24. Public donations
25. are convinced 26. with 27. which 28. most common/commonest 29. Those 30. though 31. even if/even though 32. aged 33. whatever 36. when 37. must 38. to realize 39. did 40. a
41-50 JAHGC DBKFI
51-65 ABCDA CBDAB ABCDD
66-69 BDCD 70-73 DCAB 74-77 ADCB
78. An explosion of lawsuits. 79. Its shared use pattern.
80. By powering off the self-driving car. 81. the poor application of the technology.
1. Language practice needs to be based on enough vocabulary.
2. At least 50% of the sale of the world’s luxury cars depends on the fast-rising Asian market. 3. No matter how many excuses he made up, he had to pay the price for the consequences caused by his errors.
4. A person must realize his strong and weak points before he can reasonably set up the goal for life and struggle for it without regrets or complaints.
5. audience who attended the industrial exhibition all sang the praises of the family automatic alarm system promoted by one exhibitor.
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