4) Describe briefly how Poe characterizes Mortresor and Fortunado as contrasts. 参考答案

1)It is Montresor. Fortunato has given Montresor thousands of injuries that he has to bear before he has this opportunity of taking revenge.

2)He claims that he has just got a cask of Amontilado and stores it in the wine cellar before he may find a connoisseur to testify to its authenticity.

3)The deceived Fortunado is killed because of his inability of getting out of the catacomb.

4)Poe characterizes Mortresor and Fortunado as seemingly contrasting characters chiefly by presenting their identical habit in wine and their different manners towards each other, but actually he intends to show some similarly defective aspects in their nature. The similarity in their nature is also suggested by their names as synonyms in Italian: Mortresor means “fortune” while Fortunado “treasure”. Their defective nature is highlighted when the revenger Mortresor, who is fully prepared on psychological and operating levels, throws the hardly prepared but totally deceived wrong-doer Fortunado into the deep and damp catacomb and blocks up its entrance with huge rocks.

Unit4

1) Why is the prison the setting of Chapter II?

2) Describe the appearance of Hester Prynne and the attitude of the people toward her.

3) What has happened to Hester? Why does she make the embroidery of the letter A so elaborate? How does this tell us about her character? 参考答案

1)The prison is used as the setting of the story because the execution of Hester Prynne as an infamous culprit is expected to take place here and the sentence of a legal tribunal on her has but confirmed the verdict of public sentiment. In addition, the setting also suggests the tragic fate of the protagonist.

2)Hester Prynne is a young and tall woman with dark and abundant hair that is so glossy that it may throws off the sunshine with a gleam. She has a beautiful face with the impressiveness belonging to a marked brow and deep black eyes. With a figure of perfect elegance on a large scale, she is ladylike with such character as characterized by a certain state and dignity, rather than by the delicate, evanescent, and indescribable grace. Besides, the attitudes of the people toward her are diverse, but mostly negative and unsympathetic largely from the conventional moral stand of the times.

3)As a married woman, Hester falls in love with Dimmesdale, a reverend minister of the local community, and their love affair is discovered after she gives birth to a baby daughter. She makes the embroidery of the letter A so elaborate in the hope that the letter may embody her affirmative attitude toward the dilemma in her life, and that it may have the effect of a powerful spell to take her out of the ordinary relations with humanity and enclose her in a sphere by herself. This detail also mirrors her idea of love and moral value, which is explicitly different from the cowardice and hypocrisy of Dimmesdale.

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Unit5

What are the stories Ishmael tells about Moby Dick?

As one of the crew in the Pequod, Ishmael is the only sailor having survived the fatal shipwreck. Thus according to what he witnesses when following Ahab and the crew in search of Moby Dick, he relates how the white whale Moby Dick bites off one of Ahab’s legs and how the latter seeks his own revenge on the former.

Why does Ahab react so violently against the while whale? Ishmael sUggests that Ahab is “crazy” and calls him “ a raving lunatic”. Do you agree with him? Why or why not?

In their earlier contact Moby Dick bit off one of Ahab’s legs and thus the latter determined to kill the former with the help of his crew. Despite of the advice from his counterparts in other ships, Ahab couldn’t free himself from the idea of revenge. That is why Ishmael describes Ahab as madly obsessed with a search of Moby Dick. Ishmael’s attitude seems convincing because Melville intends to show in the romance that extreme elements in the human soul could be fatally destructive.

What narrative features can you find in the selected chapter?

Like the other parts of Moby Dick, this chapter is written in the first-person perspective and because the narrator Ishmael is said to have survived the Pequod shipwreck, so what the narrative \

Unit13

Does Granny Weatherall like Doctor Harry? Why or why not?

Granny does not like Doctor Harry. First, she does not think she is ill and has to see the doctor. Second, she thinks the doctor treats her as if she were a child. He is not respectful to her. Granny intends to do a lot \

The most important thing is to go through George's letters and John's letters and her letters to them both. She cannot do this because she is now sick and has to stay in bed. What advice does Granny give her family?

She gives advice to Lydia about how to bring up children, to Jimmy about how to do business, even how to move the furniture to Cornelia.

What happened 60 years ago? Who is George? How does Granny feel about him?

She was jilted by George, the man she was to marry. He did not come to the wedding. Granny is psychologically much wounded by George's jilting. She tries very hard to forget the event and suppresses her grief. However, just before her death, the agony surfaces and she cannot forget him.

Who is John? How does Granny feel about him?

John is the man Granny marries eventually. They have several children during their marriage. Granny is thankful that John is sympathetic to her being jilted. She feels that, with John, there is nothing to worry about any more. But John dies when he is still rather young. She misses him

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from time to time, hoping to see him again in order to show him that she does not do badly without a husband.

What is it that she would like to tell George?

She, like any other woman, had a husband, fine children and a house. She is given back everything he takes away. However, the agony he causes her is 'unbelievable,' so great that she tries to think of it as that of having a baby.

What is it that she would like to tell John?

She has brought up their children, kept a good house and taken good care of the farm. She has changed, becoming tough by overcoming all the difficulties.

Who does Granny want to see most before her death? Who is this person? Is Granny's wish realized?

It is Hapsy. She is Granny's daughter and she dies in childbirth. In her semi-consciousness, Granny feels as if she had to go through many rooms to find Hapsy with her baby. She even hears Hapsy say “I thought you'd never come,” and “You haven't changed a bit!” Even at the time of death, she is concerned with the question “ What if I don't find her?” What is Granny's attitude towards death?

She thinks that she is well prepared for death. Twenty years ago, she felt very old and finished. So she went around making farewell trips to her children. Later she made her will and came down with a long fever. Then she got over the idea of dying for a long time. However, she becomes surprised when the real time comes and thinks it is not time yet and that she cannot go. Eventually, she accepts death by blowing out the light herself. When does Granny realize that she is going to die?

It is when she realizes that her children have come a long way and are there by her bed to say good-bye to her.

What is the sign she looks forward to at the end of her life? Does it appear?

It is the sign of Jesus in the form of a bridegroom coming to take her to Heaven. But it does not appear. So she is jilted again.

Unit 14

1. Who was described as \ 2. How did Gatsby's father learn of his son's death? 3. Did Nick reach Daisy by phone after Gatsby's death? 4. Did Gatsby's friend Wolfsheim plan to attend his funeral? 5. What did Gatsby's father proudly show to Nick?

6. Where did Nick meet the man with owl-eyed glasses for the first time? 7. Where did Gatsby, Nick, Daisy and Jordan come from? 8. Was Jordan once attracted to Nick?

9. How did Nick feel toward Jordan when he parted with her?

10. Why did Nick think Tom was in a sense justified for doing what he had done? 参考答案

1)Wilson. 2)He saw the news in a newspaper. 3)No, he didn't. 4)No, he didn't.

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5)Gatsby's Schedule he wrote down as a young boy. 6)In Gatsby's library.

7)Middle West. 8)Yes, she was. 9)He had mixed feelings toward her. 10)He was one of those careless people who smashed up things and creatures and then retreat back into their money or their vast carelessness and let other people clean up the mess they had made.

Unit15

1. Where is the Harris-versus-Snopes case tried?

2. Why does Mr. Harris stop asking Sarty to be his witness? 3. What causes Abner to walk with a limp?

4. Why does Abner have the habit of making small fires? 5. What does Abner teach Sarty that night?

6. What does Sarty feel when he first saw De Spain's house?

7. Why does De Spain's black servant refuse Abner's entrance into the house? 8. Is Sarty willing to pay the amount of corn for De Spain's damaged rug? 9. Does Sarty get the can of oil as his father has told him?

10. Where does Sarty go and what for after he gets free of his mother's hold? 参考答案

1)In the store. 2)The boy will not tell the truth. 3)He was wounded in the heel on a stolen horse. 4)A habit he formed when hiding from people with his stolen horses. 5)He should stick to his own blood. 6)It stands for peace and dignity. 7)He has not wiped his feet. 8)No. He will hide it. 9)No. 10)To De Spain's house to warn De Spain.

英译汉

Unit2

At the most remote end of the crypt there appeared another less spacious. Its walls had been lined with human remains, piled to the vault overhead, in the fashion if the great catacombs of Pads. Three sides of this interior crypt were still ornamented in this manner. From the fourth side the bones had been thrown down, and lay promiscuously upon the earth, forming at one point a mound of some size. Within the wall thus exposed by the displacing of the bones, we perceived a still interior crypt or recess, in depth about four feet, in width three, in height six or seven. It seemed to have been constructed for no especial use within itself, but formed merely the interval between two of the colossal supports of the roof of the catacombs, and was backed by one of their circumscribing walls of solid granite.

It was in vain that Fortunato, uplifting his dull torch, endeavored to pry into the depth of the recess. Its termination the feeble light did not enable us to see.

\— \

\

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